Chapter 9-Development

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Chapter 9-Development

• A countrys level of development is categorized
  according to 3 factors
• Economic
• Social
• Demographic
• Human Development Index (HDI)-created by United
  Nations recognizes a countrys level of
  development

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Key Issue 3-Where does level of Development Vary
by Gender

• Use your graphic organizers and follow along
• GEM
• Gender Related Development Index
• Economic Indicator for Gender Differences.
• Social Indicators
• Demographic Indicators

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Key Issue 3-Continued

• Gender Empowerment
• Economic Indicators of Empowerment
• Political Indicators of Empowerment

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Key Issue 4-Why do LDCs Face Obstacles to
Development?

• Problems with Self Sufficiency
• Rostows Development Model
• Four Asian Tigers
• Petroleum Rich Arabian Peninsula States
• Problems with International Trade Alternative
• WTO

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Key Issue 4-continued

• Transnational corporations
• Loans
• Structural Adjustment Programs
• Fair Trade
• Fair Trade Producer Standards
• Fair Trade Worker Standards

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HDI (continued)

• To create HDI the UN selects 1 economic factor, 2
  social factors, 1 demographic factor that an
  international team determines a countrys level
  of development.
• Economic-gross domestic product
• Social-literacy rate amount of education
• Demographic-life expectancy

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HDI-continued

• Country with highest HDI-Norway
• US is usually in top 10
• Canada Japan were higher than Norway in 90s
• Other European countries typically in top 10
• Lowest ranked country Sierra Leone
• 2 dozen lowest ranking countries from sub-Saharan
  Africa

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Gross Domestic Product

• GDP-value of the total output of goods services
  produced in a country, normally during a year
• GDP higher in MDC than LDC
• Per capita GDP measures average wealth

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Types of Jobs

• Average per capita is higher in MDCs because
  people earn their living by different means than
  in LDCs
• Jobs fall into 3 categories primary, secondary,
  tertiary
• Primary sector-workers in this sector directly
  extract materials from Earth through agriculture,
  mining, fishing, forestry

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Types of Jobs (continued)

• Secondary sector includes manufacturers that
  process, transform, assemble raw materials into
  useful products. Other secondary sector
  industries take manufactured goods and make them
  into finished consumer goods
• Tertiary sector-involves taking goods services
  to people in exchange for payment. Includes
  retailing, banking, law, education, and government

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Quarternary and Quinary Sector

• Quarternary-jobs in business services such as
  trade, insurance, banking, advertising,
  wholesaling
• Quinary-health, education, research, government,
  retailing, tourism, recreation