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Perennial Flowers: Bed Preparation, Maintenance, and Design

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Title: Selling an Idea or a Product Author: David Hillock OSU- Horticulture Last modified by: Hillock, David Created Date: 6/2/1995 10:06:36 PM Document presentation ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Perennial Flowers: Bed Preparation, Maintenance, and Design


1
Perennial Flowers Bed Preparation, Maintenance,
and Design
  • David Hillock
  • Assistant Extension Specialist/
  • Consumer Horticulture

2
Perennial Flowers
  • Advantages
  • Easy to grow, more permanent
  • Versatile, sturdy, relatively cheap
  • Change of color over season
  • Variation in texture form
  • Movable

3
Perennial Flowers
  • Disadvantages
  • Short bloom period
  • Pruning to keep attractive
  • Require division

4
Site Selection Soil Preparation cont.
  • Preparing soil is more important since
    undisturbed for longer periods

5
Planting
  • Planting times
  • Late summer- or fall-flowering plant in spring
  • Spring-flowering plant in late summer or fall
  • Allow sufficient time to establish before bloom
    or onset of cold weather

6
Planting cont.
  • Allow plenty of space for spread
  • Plant in clumps or groups of same variety
  • Plan for succession of color/interest throughout
    season

7
Maintenance
  • Water regularly
  • Encourage deep, healthy roots
  • Soaker hoses or drip
  • Allow to dry moderately between watering
  • Water occasionally during winter

8
Maintenance cont.
  • Mulching
  • apply light mulch 1 - 2 inches thick
  • shades out weed seed
  • moderates soil temperatures
  • holds moisture
  • apply in winter after several killing frosts
  • Do not pile mulch too heavy

9
Maintenance cont.
  • Deadheading remove spent, dried-up flowers and
    seed pods
  • Maintain vigor
  • Assure neatness

The Readers Digest Association, Inc./GID
10
Maintenance cont.
  • Disbudding
  • Gain larger blooms
  • Remove small side buds
  • Staking
  • Stake at planting or before new growth begins

Ohio State University
Iowa State University
11
Maintenance cont.
  • Fertilize based on soil tests
  • Do not overfertilize
  • Light fertilization of balanced fertilizer is
    best
  • Apply in spring

12
Maintenance cont.
  • Fall care
  • Remove dead foliage if disease or insects have
    been present
  • Apply winter mulch after soil temperatures drop

13
Maintenance cont.
  • Division
  • Divide opposite flowering time, however, many can
    be divided in fall or late winter
  • Select only vigorous side shoots

14
Flower Species from A to Z
15
Shade perennial garden
16
Acanthus mollis Bears breech
  • Flower Colors purple, white
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 3-4
  • Culture shade-part shade
  • Utilization shade garden, texture plant

17
Whitewater
18
Aegopodium podagraria bishops weed
  • Flower Colors white - ns, foliage green with
    white margins
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 8-10
  • Culture full sun or shade, can be invasive, cut
    back old foliage with mower
  • Utilization groundcover

19
Ajuga reptans carpet bugleweed
  • Flower Colors violet-blue, red, white or purple
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 6-9 mat-like
  • Culture sun, shade, tolerates poor soil
  • Utilization groundcover

20
Alchemilla mollis Ladys Mantle
  • Flower Colors yellowish-green or chartreuse
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 8-10 tall (flower stems up to 18), 24
    wide
  • Culture part shade or full sun moist, fertile
    soil
  • Utilization border, ground cover, rock garden,
    cut flower

21
Anemone x hybrida Japanese anemone
  • Flower Colors white or pink
  • Bloom time late summer and fall
  • Habit 2-4
  • Culture morning sun, part shade fertile, moist,
    well-drained soil
  • Utilization border

22
Aquilegia columbine
  • Flower Colors blue, purple, pink, red, yellow,
    white
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 1-3 erect
  • Culture full sun to part shade excellent
    drainage
  • Utilization borders, naturalized settings, cut

23
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25
Black Barlow
26
Arum italicum Pictum Italian Arum
  • Flower Colors whitish-green spotted with purple
  • Bloom time late spring
  • Habit 12-18 clump
  • Culture full to part shade keep moist
    spring/early summer
  • Utilization borders, naturalized settings
    orange-red berries

27
Athyrium nipponicum Pictum Japanese painted
fern
  • Flower Colors NS, foliage coarsely divided, gray
    to glaucous hue
  • Habit 12-18, clump
  • Culture part to full shade, moist humus-rich
    soil do not allow to dry
  • Utilization border, accent

28
Begonia grandis Hardy Begonia
  • Flower Colors pink
  • Bloom time late summer/fall
  • Habit 2 tall, loose sprays of flower clusters
    over clump of broad, green leaves
  • Culture part/full shade, moist humus-rich soil
    tolerates deep shade and walnut trees
  • Utilization border, woodland

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Bletilla striata Hardy Orchid
  • Flower Colors purplish pink
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit stiffly upright, 12 tall, 9 wide
  • Culture part shade, moist, organic amended soil
    do not let dry out
  • Utilization border, rock garden, containers

31
Brunnera macrophylla Siberian bugloss
  • Flower Colors blue
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 12-18, clump
  • Culture part to full shade, moist, well-drained
    soil
  • Utilization perennial border, naturalized
    planting, deciduous groundcover

32
Galium odoratum sweet woodruff
  • Flower Color white - fragrant
  • Bloom time late spring
  • Habit 4-6, groundcover with erect stems
  • Culture part to full shade moist, well-drained
    soil
  • Utilization rock garden, naturalized, ground
    cover

33
Hakonechloa macra hakone grass
  • Flower Color not showy bamboo-like foliage
    bright green to yellow pinkish red fall color
  • Habit 1-2, weep horizontally
  • Culture moist, well-drained soil light shade to
    half-day sun
  • Utilization ground cover, border, containers

34
Helleborus spp. Hellebores, Lenten rose
  • Flower Colors white, pink, spotted, plum
  • Bloom time late winter to spring
  • Habit 12-18 tall and wide evergreen foliage
  • Culture part shade, high organic, well-drained
    soil neutral to slightly alkaline
  • Utilization border, cut, hummingbirds/bees
    unpalatable to deer, rabbits, gophers and moles
    poisonous

35
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Heuchera sanguinea coral bells, alum root
  • Flower Colors white, pink, red
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 12-20 tall, 12 wide
  • Culture part shade, well-drained soil
  • Utilization border, cut, hummingbirds/bees

37
Amber Waves
Pewter Veil
Palace Purple
38
Harmonic Convergence
39
x Heucherella
  • Flower Colors white, pink, red
  • Bloom time mid spring to early summer
  • Habit 12-18 tall, spreading, clump forming
    ground cover
  • Culture part shade, well-drained soil
  • Utilization border, ground cover

40
Sunspot
41
Lamium maculatum spotted deadnettle
  • Flower Colors mauve-pink, pink, white
  • Bloom time late spring to mid summer
  • Habit wide spreading clump 8-12 tall
  • Culture part to full shade well-drained, moist
    soil
  • Utilization ground cover, edging for border

42
Ligularia spp. Ragwort
  • Flower Colors yellowish-orange
  • Bloom time mid summer to early fall
  • Habit mounded, 3-4 tall
  • Culture part to full shade well-drained, moist
    to wet soil
  • Utilization specimen, bog garden

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46
Lycoris squamigera Resurrection Lily, Surprise
Lily
  • Leaves appear in spring, then disappear in summer
  • Flower scapes arise in late summer
  • Full sun/part shade

47
Lysimachia clethroides Gooseneck Loosestrife
  • Flower Colors white
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 2-3 tall, 2-4 spread
  • Culture full sun to part shade moist,
    well-drained soil (aggressive spreader)
  • Utilization woodland, naturalized areas,
    perennial border rabbit resistant

48
Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii Turks Cap
  • Flower Colors white, red, pink
  • Bloom time late summer-fall
  • Habit 4 tall and wide
  • Culture part shade, shade, sun moist or dry
    soils
  • Utilization woodland, naturalized areas,
    perennial border drought tolerant native. Birds,
    butterflies, hummingbirds.

49
Polygonatum biflorum Solomons Seal
  • Flower Colors yellowish green to greenish white
    bluish black fruit in fall
  • Bloom time late spring
  • Habit 2-3 tall with arching stems, 2 wide
  • Culture shade cool, moist soil
  • Utilization woodland, naturalized areas,
    perennial border native to NA

50
Pulmonaria Lungwort
  • Flower Colors pink, white or blue variegated
    foliage
  • Bloom time late spring
  • Habit 1 spreading clump, 2 wide
  • Culture full shade to part shade cool, moist
    soil
  • Utilization front of border or as groundcover
    single specimen

51
Spigelia marilandica Indian Pink
  • Flower Color red and yellow
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 1-2 tall, 1 ½ wide
  • Culture part to full shade moist or dry soils
  • Utilization woodland, perennial border, native
    garden drought tolerant. Hummingbirds.

52
Stylophorum diphyllum Celandine poppy,
woodland poppy
  • Flower Colors bright yellow
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit upright, 18 tall, 12 wide
  • Culture shade well-drained, moist soil
  • Utilization woodland garden, shade perennial
    border (native)

53
Tricyrtis hirta Toad Lily
  • Flower Colors Pale lilac, pink, or red with
    purple spots
  • Bloom time late summer, fall
  • Habit upright, 2-3 tall, 2 wide
  • Culture shade well-drained, moist soil
  • Utilization woodland garden, shade perennial
    border, deer resistant

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Sun Perennial Garden
56
Agastache anise-hyssop, hummingbird mint
  • Flower Colors blue, red, pink, orange, white
  • Bloom time late summer
  • Habit 3 erect
  • Culture sun, moist well-drained soil
  • Utilization border bee, hummingbird, butterfly
    flowers fragrant

Golden Jubilee
57
Ajania pacifica Pacifica mum
  • Flower Colors yellow, foliage gray green with
    silver edge
  • Bloom time Oct.
  • Habit 1-2, spreading to 3
  • Culture sun, part-shade moist well-drained soil
  • Utilization Rock gardens, border foregrounds,
    containers. Attractive ground cover.

58
Amorpha canescens Lead Plant
  • Flower Colors purple with orange-tipped stamens
  • Bloom time May-July
  • Habit 3-4 shrub
  • Culture sun, any soil
  • Utilization border native garden (true prairie
    plant)

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60
Amsonia spp. Blue Star
  • Flower Colors blue
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 3 upright spreading
  • Culture sun, moist well-drained soil
  • Utilization border native garden

Amsonia hubrichtii
61
Amsonia Blue Ice
62
Artemisia wormwood
  • Flower Colors ns silver-white foliage
  • Habit 1-4 rounded
  • Culture sun, dry well-drained soil
  • Utilization cut, bed, border

63
Asclepias tuberosa butterfly weed
  • Flower Colors orange
  • Bloom time late spring to mid summer
  • Habit 18-36 tall
  • Culture sun, dry infertile soil
  • Utilization border, meadow, cut, butterfly

64
Baptisia australis false indigo
  • Flower Colors indigo-blue, white, yellow (B.
    sphaerocarpa)
  • Bloom time mid to late spring
  • Habit 3-4 erect, 4 wide
  • Culture sun, part shade, well-drained soil, low
    fertility, drought tolerant
  • Utilization specimen, border pods useful for
    dried arrangements

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Callirhoe involucrata winecup, poppy mallow
  • Flower Colors deep reddish-purple
  • Bloom time all summer
  • Habit 6-12 tall, spread to 3
  • Culture sun, tolerates dry soils, tap root
  • Utilization border, rock garden, ground cover

67
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides plumbago, leadwort
  • Flower Colors dark blue
  • Bloom time summer to late fall
  • Habit 8-12 tall, 12-18 wide
  • Culture part shade or full sun, well-drained
  • Utilization ground cover, rock garden

68
Chelone lyonii Pink Turtlehead
  • Flower Colors pink also white and rose
    flowering species
  • Bloom time late summer to early fall
  • Habit 3 tall, 2 wide
  • Culture part shade or full sun, consistently
    moist to wet
  • Utilization along stream or pond, border, or
    wild garden

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Coreopsis verticillata threadleaf coreopsis,
whorled tickseed
  • Flower Colors bright to clear yellow
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 2-3, dense, erect clump, 2 wide
  • Culture sun, dry drought resistant
  • Utilization border, naturalized area, wildflower
    garden

71
Zagreb
72
Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora crocosmia, montbretia
  • Flower Colors yellow, orange to orange-red
  • Bloom time mid to late summer
  • Habit 1-3 erect plant
  • Culture full sun, moist, well-drained soil
  • Utilization border, container, cut, hummingbird
    plant

73
Cynara cardunculus cardoon
  • Flower Colors purple/lavender
  • Bloom time late summer to fall
  • Habit 3-6 h, 1-3 w
  • Culture full sun, moist, well-drained soil
  • Utilization close cousin to artichoke (edible),
    border, container, specimen, cut

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Delosperma nubigenum hardy ice plant
  • Flower Colors yellow, (D. cooperi purple)
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 1 high spreading 3
  • Culture sun, needs well drained soil tolerates
    light, sandy soils
  • Utilization groundcover, rock garden

76
Echinacea purpurea purple coneflower
  • Flower Colors purple, white
  • Bloom time summer
  • Habit 2-4 erect, 2 wide
  • Culture sun, light shade well-drained soil,
    drought resistant
  • Utilization border, cut, naturalized area

77
Magnus
78
Sunset
Ruby Star Sunrise
Kims Knee High
Mango Meadowbright
79
Tomato Soup
80
Tiki Torch
81
Pink Poodle
82
Eupatorium spp. Joe Pye weed
  • Flower Colors mauve pink, purple, white
  • Bloom time late summer, fall
  • Habit 2 - 7
  • Culture sun to partial shade moist, wet soil
  • Utilization border, rain garden butterflies
    deer resistant

83
Euphorbia spp. euphorbia, spurge
  • Flower Colors yellow to chartreuse, orange-red
  • Bloom time spring to early summer
  • Habit 6- 3
  • Culture sun to partial shade moist or dry
  • Utilization border, rock garden

84
Festuca cinerea blue fescue
  • Flower Color NS, blue foliage
  • Habit 6-10, dense, hemispherical clump
  • Culture sun, part shade, well-drained tolerates
    dry, infertile soil
  • Utilization edging, mass, groundcover

85
Gaillardia x grandiflora blanket flower, Indian
blanket
  • Flower Colors red, yellow, combinations
  • Bloom time summer
  • Habit 2-3
  • Culture sun, light, well-drained soil
  • Utilization cut, border

86
Fanfare
Sundance Bicolor
87
Gaura lindheimeri Gaura, whirling butterflies
  • Flower Colors pink, white
  • Bloom time early summer to frost
  • Habit vase shaped to 5
  • Culture sun, well-drained soil tap root,
    drought tolerant
  • Utilization border

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Geranium sanguineum cranesbill, bloodred
geranium
  • Flower Colors magenta, pink, white
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 6-12, spread 24
  • Culture part shade, moist soil will tolerate
    full sun
  • Utilization border, rock garden, ground cover

90
Helianthus angustifolius Swamp or Narrow-leaf
Sunflower
  • Flower Colors yellow
  • Bloom time fall
  • Habit 6-7, 3-4 wide
  • Culture full sun moist soil (native to wetland
    areas)
  • Utilization border, accent

91
Heliotropium amplexicaule Hardy Heliotrope
  • Flower Colors violet with yellow center
  • Bloom time spring to fall
  • Habit 12, spread 2-3
  • Culture full sun-part shade drought tolerant
  • Utilization border, rock garden, ground cover

92
Hibiscus coccineus Star Hibiscus, Scarlet Rose
Mallow, Swamp Hibiscus
  • Flower Colors deep red
  • Bloom time early to late summer
  • Habit 3-6 tall
  • Culture full sun-part shade wet soils, but
    quite drought tolerant
  • Utilization border, bog garden rain garden

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Lysimachia nummularia creeping jenny, moneywort
  • Flower Colors yellow
  • Bloom time late spring
  • Habit 2-4, spreading
  • Culture sun or shade moist soil
  • Utilization rock garden, ground cover, edging

95
Narcissus spp. daffodil, narcissus
  • Flower Colors white, yellow, orange, orange-red,
    pink shades
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 6-24, erect
  • Culture sun, part shade, well-drained soil
  • Utilization naturalized area, border

96
Nepeta spp. catmint
  • Flower Colors lavender blue
  • Bloom time spring
  • Habit 1-2 h, 1 ½-3 w, mounding
  • Culture sun, part shade, moist, well-drained
    soil
  • Utilization border, herb or rock garden,
    naturalized area, as groundcover attracts
    butterflies bees

97
Paeonia hybrids. peony, (P. suffruticosa)
tree peony
Photo courtesy monrovia.com
  • Flower Colors various
  • Bloom time late spring to early summer
  • Habit 3, round habit
  • Culture sun, light shade well-drained, deep
    fertile soil
  • Utilization specimen in border, cut

98
Panicum virgatum switchgrass
  • Flower Colors pinkish, reddish, or silvery,
    mature to grayish white foliage medium green, to
    blue-green, or red depending on cultivar.
  • Bloom time summer to fall
  • Habit 4-7, upright
  • Culture sun, part shade dry or wet soils
  • Utilization Native tallgrass prairie species,
    naturalizing, border, Attracts birds.

Northwind
Cloud Nine
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Penstemon barbatus penstemon, beardtongue
  • Flower Colors scarlet pink, pink, orange, white
  • Bloom time late spring to mid summer
  • Habit 18-36, round
  • Culture sun, tolerates dry, prefers moist soil
  • Utilization naturalizing, border, cut

101
Husker Red
102
P. digitalis - Smooth Penstemon
103
Rudbeckia grandiflora Large Coneflower
  • Flower Color yellow
  • Bloom time June-July
  • Habit 2-3
  • Culture sun, prefers well-drained, dry soil.
    Very drought tolerant
  • Utilization border, wildflower/native

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105
Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima
black-eyed-Susan
  • Flower Colors golden yellow, orange, bronze
    brown to black disk
  • Bloom time summer and fall
  • Habit 2-3, erect to round
  • Culture full, light shade, hot, dry
  • Utilization cut, background, border, bed

106
Cherokee Sunset
Prairie Sun
107
Chimchiminee
108
R. maxima - Giant Coneflower
109
Salvia greggii autumn sage
  • Flower Colors pink, red, white
  • Bloom time early summer to frost
  • Habit 2-3, erect semi-shrub
  • Culture sun, prefers well-drained, dry soil.
    Very drought tolerant
  • Utilization border, container

110
Salvia guaranitica Black Blue
111
Sedum spp. sedum
  • Flower Colors pink, red, scarlet, yellow, white
  • Bloom time summer to fall
  • Habit 2-24, mat forming to erect growth habit
  • Culture sun or light shade, any soil
    well-drained
  • Utilization ground cover, rock garden, border

112
Angelina
113
Lemon Fizz
114
Neon
115
Silphium perfoliatum Cup Plant, Rosin Cup Plant
  • Flower Color yellow
  • Bloom time July-Sept.
  • Habit 3-8
  • Culture sun, prefers moist, rich soil
  • Utilization wildflower/native plant gardens,
    naturalized areas or moist, open woodland areas
    including stream/pond edges

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Stipa tennuissima (Nassella) Mexican feather
grass
  • Flower Colors beige to light green
  • Bloom time early to mid summer
  • Habit 18, clump
  • Culture sun, well-drained fertile soil
  • Utilization border, dried flower, slopes, rock
    garden

118
Verbena canadensis Homestead Homestead verbena
  • Flower Color deep purple
  • Bloom time summer to frost
  • Habit 6, low spreading
  • Culture sun, well-drained soil
  • Utilization ground cover, edging, rock garden,
    border

119
Zephyranthes candida rain lily
  • Flower Color white, sometimes blushed pink
  • Bloom time late summer to fall
  • Habit 6-12 high and wide
  • Culture sun to light shade, moist, well-drained
    soil
  • Utilization ground cover, edging, rock garden,
    container, border

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