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12.5 Kingdoms of Southeast Asia Korea
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Geography of SE Asia

• Two Parts
• 1) Indochina borders China India
• 2) Islands Sumatra, Borneo, Java, etc.
• Warm, Humid Monsoon Winds rain
• Rivers valleys intersected by mountains
  difficult communication
• Trade Strait of Malacca Sunda Strait
• Indian Ocean to South China Sea

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Influences

• Indian
• 1st century A.D. Indian trading ships arrive
• Hindu Buddhist missionaries spread faith
• Kingdoms modeled after Indian politics
• Evident today in religion, languages, art
• Chinese
• Spread by migration trade
• Varying political influence over mainland SE Asia
  conquer or tribute

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Khmer Empire

• Modern day Cambodia
• Established an empire by the 800s
• Growth through improved rice cultivation
  irrigation
• Angkor Capital City
• Huge city--temple complex
• Angkor Wat dedicated to the Hindu God Vishnu

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Angkor Wat
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Island Trading Kingdoms

• Sailendra rule island of Java with agriculture
• Temple of Borobudur (Indian influence)
• 7-13th Centuries Srivijaya rule Strait of
  Malacca, Sumatra, Borneo, Java
• Wealth Taxing trade
• Capital Palembang center for Buddhist
  teachings

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Temple of Borobudur
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Dai Viet

• Located on the coast south of China
• Early 900s Break away due to weakening of the
  Tang Dynasty
• 939 Da Viet (independent)
• Mixture of Chinese Vietnamese culture
• Chinese Buddhism Government
• Vietnamese Women had more freedom
• Ly Dynasty moves capital to Hanoi
• Focus on trade, agriculture, strong central rule

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Geography of Korea

• Peninsula of the Asian mainland towards Japan
• Summers are hot winters are cold
• Mountainous land w/ limited area for agriculture
• Mountains offer a barrier to Manchuria
• Isolated Mountains Sea

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Korea

• Culture was a combination of own Chinese
  traditions (adapted)
• Early Controlled by various clans
• 108 B.C. Han take over introduce centralized
  government, religion, Confucianism, Buddhism,
  writing
• 3 kingdoms develop, Silla dominates drives out
  Chinese
• Silla develop a suitable writing system produce
  sculptures

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Koryu Dynasty

• 935 Wang Kon becomes king begins Koryu Dynasty
• Centralized government civil service system
• Divided society land aristocracy the rest
• Best positions become hereditary
• Produce beautiful pottery Buddhist printing
  blocks
• 1231-1360s Face harsh Mongol occupation
• Crushing tributes
• 1392 Choson overthrow Koryu issue land
  reforms lasts over 500 years