Conquest: Mexico (October 9, 1997)

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Conquest Mexico(October 9, 1997)
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Conquest Mexico,1518-1530 Outline

• From the Indies to Mexico, - 1519
• Conquest of Tenochtitlan, 1519-1521
• Why was a people so resolute and so resourceful
  defeated by a band of adventurers?
• Role of disease

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Routes of ConquestCortes, 1519Pizarro,
1531Jimenez de Quesada, 1536Mendoza,
1536Valdivia, 1540
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From the Indies to Mexico, - 1519

• Francisco Hernandez de Cordoba expedition, Feb.
  1517 3 ships, 110 soldiers
• Juan de Grijalva, May 1518 4 ships, 200
  soldiers
• Hernan Cortes, April 1519 11 ships, 450
  soldiers
• Panfilo de Narvaez, May 1520

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Route of Cortes, 1519-1520
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Conquest of Tenochtitlan, 1519-1521

• Role of Malintzin diplomacy
• Manipulation of Mexica enemies (Cempoala,
  Tlaxcala, Cholula)
• Capture the leader Montezuma
• The defeat of the sad night (June 30, 1520)
• Smallpox, Oct-Dec, 1520
• Blockade May-Aug. 21, 1521

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Hernan Cortes
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Malintzin (Doña Mariana, La Malinche Cortes
drawn by native artist through the mouth of
Doña Marina

• Native, speaker of Nahuatl, Maya, and later,
  Spanish
• Interpreter fundamental to Cortes diplomacy
• Beginnings of mestizaje (race mixture)
• traitor--a sell out to the invaders?

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Route of Cortes, 1519Retreat, 1520Reconquest of
Tenochtitlan, 1521
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Tenochtitlan in 1519 artist rendition
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Templo Mayor inset over Mexico City today
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It was remembered that a comet foretold strange
happenings
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Pedro de Alvarados violation of the temple, June
1520
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Why were the natives defeated?(Clendinnen, p. 33)

• Technology horses, weapons
• The rules of war destroy vs. capture
• Strategy and tactics
• Population loss

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End