Sustainable Strategies

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Sustainable Strategies

• IB SL

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Urban Ecological Footprint

• According to the Global Development Research
  Centre, the urban ecological footprint is the
  land area required to sustain a population of any
  size.
• All the resources which people use for daily
  needs, such as food, water, and electricity, must
  be produced using raw resources.
• The urban ecological footprint measures the
  amount of arable land and aquatic resources that
  are needed to continuously sustain a population,
  based on its consumption levels at a given point
  in time.

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Measuring The Footprint

• To the fullest extent possible, this measurement
  incorporates water and energy use, uses of land
  for infrastructure and different forms of
  agriculture, forests and all other forms of
  energy and material inputs that people require
  in their day-to-day lives.
• It also accounts for the land area required for
  waste assimilation.

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Tokyos Ecological Footprint

• According to the Earth Council, a biologically
  productive area of 1.7 hectares is available per
  capita for basic existence.
• This means that for sustainable living, the
  people in Tokyo alone need an area of 45,000
  hectares which is 1.2 times the land area of the
  whole of Japan.
• If mountains and other regions are discarded and
  only habitable land included, then this becomes
  3.6 times the land area of Japan.

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Tokyo City

• Here land is used several times at several
  levels.
• The difference between very high-density cities
  and extended cities would be 3 or 4 times
  greater.
• Compact cities such as Tokyo have a large
  population living in a very small and dense area
  of land, freeing land area for other purposes.
• They also require reduced amounts of
  infrastructure and resources it is easier to
  provide services, utilities and infrastructure to
  a population concentrated in a small area than is
  the case when people are spread over a large
  area.

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Sustainable Housing

• There are many problems with much of the housing
  in Mexico City.
• Many lack access to water, adequate sanitation, a
  reliable and safe water supply, adequate roofs,
  solid foundations, secure tenure, i.e. The
  residents are at risk of eviction.

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Possible Solutions

• Government support for low-income, self-built
  housing.
• Subsidies for home building.
• Flexible loans to help shanty-town dwellers.
• Slum upgrading in central areas.
• Improved private and public rental housing.
• Support for the informal sector/small businesses
  operating at home.
• Site and service schemes.
• Encouragement of community schemes.
• Construction of health and educational schemes.

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Control Of In-Migration

• There have been many attempts to reduce the
  importance of very large cities, such as London,
  Rio de Janeiro, and Seoul.
• Developers have attempted to build new towns and
  new capital cities to deflect growth away from
  the main cities.
• At the wealthier end of the scale are new towns
  and cities such as Brasilia, Canberra and, in
  Korea, Gongju-Yongi.

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New Cities In Korea And Malaysia

• Originally, Gongju-Yongi was planned to replace
  Seoul as Koreas capital by 2020.
• It is a US54 billion scheme.
• Construction began in 2007.
• Seoul will remain as the capital, but government
  offices will relocate to Gongju-Yongji.
• The new development is still necessary to ease
  chronic overcrowding, to aid redistribution of
  the states wealth and to reduce the danger of a
  military attack from North Korea.

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Other Schemes

• The Malaysian new town of Putrajaya.
• This is a totally new city situated 25km to the
  south of koala lumpur.
• Covering an area of 4931 hectares, Putrajaya was
  established in 1995.
• Putrajaya is a planned city, built according to a
  series of comprehensive policies and guidelines
  for land-use, transportation system, utilities,
  infrastructure, housing, public amenities,
  information technology, parks, and gardens.

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Putrajaya Corporation Mission

• To provide an efficient and effective
  administration.
• To provide quality services to ensure customer
  satisfaction.
• To provide infrastructure and amenities
  conductive to creating an ideal environment for
  living and working.

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Putrajaya Functions

• A local government in the Putrajaya area.
• To promote, stimulate, facilitate, and undertake
  commercial, infrastructure, and residential
  development in the area.
• To promote, stimulate, and undertake economic and
  social development in the area.
• To control and coordinate the performance of the
  above activities in the area.

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Activity

• Using Essential AS Geography P301-304, answer the
  following
• Describe how the economic fortunes of Glasgow
  have fluctuated over the last 100 years.
• Identify some of the social and environmental
  problems resulting from economic decline.
• Describe the aims of the Glasgow Eastern Area
  Renewal Project (GEAR).
• How successful is the project?