EUROPEAN COLONIALISM

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EUROPEAN COLONIALISM
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Colonization of Africa

• colonialism- the forced control of one nation by
  another nation

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Reasons for Colonization

• Africa has many raw materials and natural
  resources not found in Europe including
• cotton
• rubber
• ivory
• minerals including gold and diamonds

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Reasons for Colonization

• New industries in Europe needed metals like
  copper and tin.
• Europeans also used Africa as a source of cheap
  labor.
• African countries were new markets for European
  goods.

5
European Influence

• Europeans looked down upon African ways of life.
• Europeans wanted to change African culture to be
  more like European culture.
• missionary- a person who goes to a foreign
  country to spread his or her religion
• Missionaries brought Christianity to Africa.

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Beginnings of New Imperialism

• the Age of New Imperialism- countries competing
  for land and power at the end of the 19th century
• The growth of European colonies in Africa was
  called The Scramble for Africa.
• European countries were scrambling to get their
  piece of Africa.

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Great Britain

• Great Britain and France often fought for control
  of parts of Africa.
• The British controlled the gold and ivory trade
  in West Africa.

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France

• The French wanted to spread their culture.
• Established themselves in northern Algeria and
  West Africa.
• Trade outposts were built in West Africa for the
  slave trade.
• Most of the French-controlled land was desert.
• They traded palm oil and timber.

9
Belgium

• Belgium also competed for African land.
• King Leopold II purchased the Congo River basin.
• The amount of land purchased was bigger than
  Belgium itself.

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Berlin Conference

• a series of meetings held in Berlin, Germany in
  1884
• European nations attended the conference.
• African rulers DID NOT.
• The European nations divided Africa amongst
  themselves.
• Europeans owned almost all of Africa by the end
  of the conference.

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Partitioning Of Africa

• Colonized Africa Modern
  Africa