The

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The New Imperialism 1869 - 1914
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MOTIVES for Imperialism

• Political Motives
• Status and Competition between nation-states
• E.g. France after humiliating loss of
  Franco-Prussian War
• British Protection of India, the crown jewel of
  the British Empire

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Motives for Imperialism

• Cultural Motives
• Missionaries spread Christianity through
  missionary work
• Result Loss of native cultures
• Sometimes good?
• Child Brides
• Suttee
• Arranged Marriage
• Human Sacrifice

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Motives for Imperialism

• Cultural Motives
• Exportation of Civilization
• Abolition of slavery
• Western Education
• Hygiene and medicines

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Motives for Imperialism

• Cultural Motives
• Technology and Progress
• Humans as Masters over Nature
• Technology as proof of superiority of West
• Savages vs. Civilized Eurocentricity
• Easy military victories, use of newspapers to
  soften public opinion, e.g. Omdurman (1898)

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Motives for Imperialism

• Economic Motives
• Industrialization Demand for raw materials
• Merchants wanted reliable sources
• Military used as backup
• High Demand for Crops

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New Imperialism Motives and Methods

• Seizure of Africa and Central Asia
• 10 Million square miles, 150 million people
• Reorganization of Colonies in Asia and Africa
• King Leopold of Belgium demands the Congo
• The Scramble For Africa

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Domination of Latin America

• USs Monroe Doctrine
• Intervention in Latin America lead to economic
  imperialism
• US in Philippines

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Economic Dependencies

• Latin America supplier of foodstuffs and raw
  materials and consumers of manufactured products
• Similar to old colonial relationships, but
  technically politically independent
• Western corporations controlled economies,
  western armies defended their interests

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The Imperialists Toolkit

• Naval and Steam power
• Suez Canal
• Telegraph cables
• Breech-Loading rifles
• Smokeless powder better visibility
• Repeating rifles 15 rounds in 15 seconds
• Gatling Guns