English

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English Monarchy
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Tudor Dynasty

• Tudor Dynasty began with Henry VII.
• Won the War of the Roses.
• Son, Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church
  and started the Anglican Church.
• Married to
• Katherine of Aragon (divorced), mother of Mary I.
• Anne Boleyn (executed), mother of Elizabeth.
• Jane Seymour (died), mother of Edward VI.
• Anne of Cleves (marriage anulled).
• Catherine Howard (executed).
• Catherine Parr (outlived Henry VIII).

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Henry VII
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Henry VIII
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Anne Boleyn
Katherine of Aragon
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Jane Seymour
Anne of Cleves
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Catherine Howard
Catherine Parr
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• Henry VIII died, and son Edward VI ruled for a
  few years, but died of illness.
• Henry VIIIs oldest daughter became Queen Mary I.
• Known as Bloody Mary.
• Mary was Catholic, and tried to re-convert
  Protestant England.
• Executed over 300 Anglican leaders, but failed to
  bring back Catholicism.
• Died in 1558.

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Mary I (Bloody Mary)
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• Henry VIIIs second daughter became Queen
  Elizabeth I.
• Protestant, but did not harass Catholics.
• Great queen and beloved by her people.
• Led the Renaissance in England called the
  Elizabethan Age.
• Never married, no kids.
• I am married to England.
• Ruled 43 years.

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Elizabeth I
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Phillip II v. Elizabeth IThe Spanish Armada
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• Elizabeths closest relative was Mary, Queen of
  Scots.
• Mary was Catholic.
• Was kicked off her throne in Scotland, and fled
  to England.
• Elizabeth held her prisoner.
• Mary plotted to overthrow Elizabeth, so Elizabeth
  was forced to execute her.

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Mary, Queen of Scots
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Stuart Dynasty

• When Elizabeth died, Mary Queen of Scots son
  became King James I.
• Start of the Stuart Dynasty.
• Best known for authorizing the King James Bible.
• Not a popular ruler.

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James I
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• James I died, and his son became King Charles I.
• Tried hard to become an absolute monarch.
• Dismissed Parliament.
• Tried to force Anglican Church on non-Anglicans
  in England, Scotland, Ireland.
• Led to huge rebellion in Scotland.
• Charles I was defeated twice.
• Forced to recall Parliament.

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Charles I
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• Charles I was hated.
• Led to a division of the people.
• Cavaliers, or Royalists, supported king.
• Roundheads, or Puritans, opposed king.
• Led by Oliver Cromwell.
• English Civil War broke out.
• Puritans under Cromwell won.
• Charles I arrested and executed.
• Cromwell ended monarchy, and declared England a
  commonwealth (republic).

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Oliver Cromwell
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• Cromwell was unpopular.
• Died, and son took over.
• Parliament invited Charles Is son to return from
  exile and become King Charles II.
• Called the Restoration.
• Charles II was a popular ruler. (The Merry
  Monarch)
• Had no children.
• Died, his brother James II became king.

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Charles II
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James II
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• James II was Catholic.
• Half of Parliament (Tories) supported James.
• Half of Parliament (Whigs) opposed him.
• James II wanted total power.
• Parliament united in opposition.
• Parliament invited James IIs daughter Mary and
  her husband William to take the throne.
• James II was forced to step down.
• King William III and Queen Mary II.
• Called the Glorious Revolution.

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King William III
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Queen Mary II
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William and Mary
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• William and Mary signed the English Bill of
  Rights.
• Created a Constitutional Monarchy.
• Monarchs and people ruled together.
• Gave up many powers that earlier monarchs had.
• Monarch could not make or abolish laws, and had
  to follow laws.
• Protected the rights of citizens.
• William and Mary also signed the Act of Union.
• United England and Scotland into one country.
• United Kingdom.

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Act of Union
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Cross of St. George
Flag of Scotland
Flag of United Kingdom
Flag of Wales


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• When William and Mary died, Marys sister became
  Queen Anne.
• Anne was popular, but not a great ruler.
• Did not do much.
• Anne died with no heirs.
• James Is great-grandson became King George I.
• Start of Hanoverian Dynasty.
• German, not English.

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Queen Anne
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• Hanoverians were unpopular rulers.
• George I spoke only German, and was very stiff
  and formal.
• George II was also very formal, and died on the
  toilet.
• George III lost the American colonies and
  suffered from madness.
• George IV was only interested in drinking and
  gambling.
• William IV was a good ruler and reformed the
  government and labor laws.
• When he died, Victoria became Queen.

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George I
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George II
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George III
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George IV
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William IV
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Parliament
Current Queen Elizabeth II Addressing Parliament
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Tudor Henry VII Margaret Ar
thur Margaret Henry VIII Katherine
Mary I - Anne Elizabeth
I _______ _______ ___ - Jane Edward
VI - Anne Marie -
Catherine - Catherine Mary, Queen of
Scots Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth
I ----------------James I Stuart
Charles I--------
ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Elizabeth Charles II -------
\ James II
Sophia William III Mary II \
Anne
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\
Sophia Anne George I
Hanover George II George
III George IV \
William IV Victoria Albert
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Edward VII George V
Windsor (WWII) George
VI--------Edward VIII (abdicated) Wallis
Simpson Elizabeth II Charles
III or William V?