EXPERIENCES IN PLANT VARIETY UNDER THE UPOV CONVENTION

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EXPERIENCES IN PLANT VARIETY UNDER THE UPOV
CONVENTION

• Evans Sikinyi
• Plant Variety Rights Office
• Nairobi, Kenya

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Contents

• UPOV study on the impact of Plant Breeders
  Rights in 5 selected countries
• Experiences in Kenya

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Contents

• UPOV study on the impact of Plant Breeders
  Rights
• Experiences in Kenya

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Ad hoc Working Group

• Established October 2001 by Consultative
  Committee
• Ad hoc Working Group to Study the Impact of Plant
  Breeders Rights
• Purpose Conduct an empirical analysis of the
  impact of the introduction of PVP on plant
  breeding

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Method

• To be based on empirical analysis
• Participating countries
• Argentina
• China
• Kenya
• Poland
• Republic of Korea

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Data collection

• Inputs in plant breeding
• Parameter 1 Number of breeding entities
• Parameter 2 Investment for plant breeding
• Development of new varieties
• Parameter 3 Number of released varieties
• Parameter 4 Improvement of released varieties
• Over period 1990 - 2001

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Results

• Interesting data collected - not conclusive yet,
  gradual process of building up the case
• Parameter 1 and 3 almost completed
• Extend period of registration
• Parameter 2 and 4 through in depth study
• Draft of final report October 2004
• Parameter 1 Number of breeding entities
• Parameter 2 Investment for plant breeding
• Parameter 3 Number of released varieties
• Parameter 4 Improvement of released varieties

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Contents

• UPOV study on the impact of Plant Breeders
  Rights in 5 selected countries
• Experiences in Kenya

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Experiences in Kenya

• History
• PVP Office established in 1997
• Kenya acceded to 1978 Act of UPOV Convention in
  1999
• Reasons why to introduce PVP
• Incentive to breeders
• Access to new genetic material
• Enhance number of improved varieties

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Impact study in Kenya

• In context of UPOV study group investigation on
  the rationale for introducing PVP
• Interviews with breeders in 7 public
• and 9 private institutions
• Collection of records of PVP applications

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Effects of introducing PVP (1)

• Increased investments in private institutions
• Physical facilities (laboratory, seed processing)
• Technology (ICT, markers)
• Land acreage
• Decreased land acreage and financial allocation
  in public institutions

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Effects of introducing PVP (2)

• Increased collaboration between local and foreign
  institutions
• Capacity building
• Donor funding
• Germplasm exchange
• Commercialisation of foreign varieties

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Variety releases 1998 - 2003

• 81 New varieties of maize (29), wheat, sugar
  cane, tomato, rose and limonium
• Locally bred 56
• Bred abroad 17
• Collaboration local and abroad 8
• Still in DUS and VCU trials
• Improvements in yield, drought tolerance
• early maturity, pest and disease resistance

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Applications for PBRs

• Total number of applications 578
• Local submissions 268
• Foreign submissions 310
• Agricultural crops 250
• Ornamental crops 285
• Vegetables 38
• Fruit 5

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Influences of introduction PVP

• Breeding industry is harmonised
• Conflict prevention and problem solution
• Security in ownership
• Increased interest in commercial breeding
• Enhanced introduction of and access to foreign
  varieties
• Increased competition from local and foreign
  breeders
• Farmers grow better varieties

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Conclusion

• Initial goals sets at the time of introduction of
  PVP in Kenya have been achieved
• Asante sana na kwa heri

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