Wednesday, August 26

1
Wednesday, August 26

• SSL Parent Verification Forms are due today!
  Please have these out.
• You will need your Chapter 1 Outline and
  something to write with for todays lesson.

2
Chapter One (Section Two)Who Are US Citizens?
3
Americans Are From Everywhere

• Our country has changed throughout the years as
  various groups have settled here from other
  countries around the world.
• They brought with them different languages,
  customs, beliefs, etc.
• People who come from other countries and adopt
  American customs are called immigrants.
• Is America a melting pot or tossed salad?

4
So Who Comes to America?

• Aliens are people who live in a country but are
  not a citizen of that country.
• An immigrant is an alien who plans to remain
  here. Immigrants (like citizens) are considered
  to be residents of the US because they live
  here permanently or on a long-term basis.
• Today, most US immigrants come from
  Spanish-speaking countries.

5
Immigration

• Congress has the power to regulate immigration
  (according to the US Constitution).
• Beginning in the 1880s, the government passed
  laws about immigration. An example of this
  Chinese Exclusion Act.
• In the 1920s, laws established quotas to further
  limit the number of people admitted into the US.

6
Immigration Policy

• Today the Immigration Act of 1990 sets a total
  annual quota of 65,000 immigrants permitted.
• Shift towards those who want to work and produce
  and contribute --- people with special skills,
  talents and money- have priority.

7
Who is a Citizen?The 14th Amendment (1868)

• The 14th Amendment to the US Constitution
  defines a U.S. citizen as anyone born or
  naturalized in the United States

8
Citizenship by Birth
9
Citizenship by BirthLaw of Blood Jus
Sanguinis

• The term native born is given to anyone who is
  born in the US or to American parents.
• Both parents are U.S. citizens.
• One parent is a U.S. citizen who lives in the
  U.S.
• According to the US Census Bureau 87.5 of
  Americans are native born.

10
Citizenship by Birth

• Law of Soil Jus Soil
• Born on U.S. soil, including, territories or
  military bases
• Sometimes people can be dual citizens

11
Citizenship by NaturalizationIf you are not
born an American citizen, you can go through the
process of naturalization. Approximately 12.5
of Americans are naturalized.
12
FIVE STEP Naturalization Process

• Step 1 Aliens must apply for a permanent
  residency visa (green card) and wait five
  years.

13
Naturalization Process

• Step 2 Aliens must apply for citizenship and
  file their declaration of intention with the
  United States Citizenship and Immigration
  Services (USCIS)
• To apply for naturalization, you must be at least
  18 years of age
• Albert Einsteins Application

14
Naturalization Process

• Step 3 Aliens must get fingerprinted.
• Why do we think that this is an important step in
  obtaining citizenship?

15
Naturalization Process

• Step 4 Aliens must be interviewed and pass a
  citizenship test with the USCIS
• All applicants must take the Citizenship Exam in
  ENGLISH
• Basic knowledge of reading, writing, U.S.
  history, etc

16
Naturalization Process

• Step 5 Once the applicants pass the
  citizenship exam, they attend a ceremony
• Here, the new citizens pledge their loyalty to
  the U.S. and to obey the laws Take Oath of
  Allegiance

17
Oath of Allegiance (think/pair/share
interpretation activity)

• "I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and
  entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and
  fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state,
  or sovereignty of whom or which I have heretofore
  been a subject or citizen that I will support
  and defend the Constitution and laws of the
  United States of America against all enemies,
  foreign and domestic that I will bear true faith
  and allegiance to the same that I will bear arms
  on behalf of the United States when required by
  the law that I will perform noncombatant service
  in the Armed Forces of the United States when
  required by the law that I will perform work of
  national importance under civilian direction when
  required by the law and that I take this
  obligation freely without any mental reservation
  or purpose of evasion so help me God."

18
Rights of Naturalized Citizens

• A naturalized citizen has all the same rights and
  duties as a natural-born citizen.
• Examples of Rights
• Hold jobs
• Run for election
• Serve on juries
• Vote
• Only exception naturalized citizens cannot
  become the President!

19
Can you LOSE your citizenship?

• YES, but it is very rare.
• The U.S. Government has the power to grant
  citizenship AND take it away
• Most Americans who give up their citizenship do
  it voluntarily
• CAREFUL Once you renounce your citizenship to
  the U.S., there is NO going back or changing your
  mind

20
Legal Aliens in America

• There are 21.7 million legal aliens living in the
  US.
• A legal alien is a citizen of another country who
  has received permission to enter the US.
• Legal Aliens do NOT have full political rights
• They can NOT vote, run for office, serve on
  juries, or hold most government jobs

21
Illegal Aliens in America

• Approximately 5 to 6 million illegal immigrants
  live in the United States
• Most enter the U.S. illegally, and fail to have
  proper immigration documentation
• Many enter the US in search of jobs, education,
  healthcare or a better place to raise their
  family.

22
Illegal Aliens in America

• Illegal Aliens who are caught are often
  deported back to their country
• The U.S. Border Patrol is given the task of
  preventing illegal immigration

23
Refugees

• Our immigration quota does not include refugees.
• Refugees are people who are trying to escape the
  dangers of their home countries fleeing due to
  persecution, war, or other crisis situations.
• 1960-1970s Cuban Refugees to Florida
• The President and Congress set quotas each year
  to allow a certain number of refugees into the US.