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Title: Government Final Review


1
Government Final Review
2
Whos Who in Our Government?
  • Local Government
  • Erie County Executive Chris Collins
  • Mayor of Kenmore Pat Mang
  • Town of Ton. Supervisor Anthony Caruana
  • State Government
  • - Andrew Cuomo Governor of NY
  • Robin Schimminger NYS Assemblyman

3
Whos Who in Government?
  • National Government
  • John Roberts Supreme Court Chief Justice
  • John Boehner Speaker of the House
  • Hillary Clinton Secretary of State

4
Primary Election
  • a method by which a political party chooses its
    nominees for public office
  • winners of primary elections run against nominees
    of other parties in the general election
  • unique U.S. institution, born in the era of
    political reform at the beginning of the 20th
    century
  • choice is private

5
Caucuses
  • The word "caucus" means "to gather together and
    make a great noise."
  • series of party meetings where there is much
    debate
  • At each level, party members vote for delegates
    who will take their opinions on the choice of
    presidential candidate forward to the next level
  • choice is public

6
The Electorate
  • The electorate refers to the eligible voting
    population in a country.
  • Any US citizen, 18 years of age with no felonies,
    is allowed to vote as long as they are registered
    and not in a mental hospital.

7
Who is most likely to vote?
  • Higher education level (best indicator)
  • Higher income
  • Older (the elderly)
  • Married (influenced by spouse)
  • White
  • Living in the Suburbs

8
Who is least likely to vote?
  • Lower education level
  • Lower income
  • Younger
  • Single
  • Minorities
  • Urban or Rural Areas

9
Voting
  • Voting in presidential elections is the most
    common form of political activity
  • However, many people dont vote. Why?
  • Too busy
  • Dont care
  • My vote doesnt count
  • Issues dont concern me
  • Lazy

10
Political Spectrum
  • Liberals Moderates Conservatives
  • Most people are moderates (in the middle)

Democrats
Republican
11
What is a political party?
  • An organized group who share common beliefs, who
    work together to
  • Win elections
  • Control government
  • Set public policy

12
Political Parties
  • George Washington and the Founders of the
    Constitution believed that political parties
    were
  • Inevitable
  • A danger to the nation

13
Democratic Platform Ideas
  • Social equality
  • Government involvement in the lives of the people
  • Funded programs
  • Protect resources and environment

14
Democratic Party
  • Types of People
  • Blacks
  • Latinos
  • Labor unions
  • Immigrants
  • Low education
  • Jews
  • Liberals
  • Minorities
  • Region
  • Urban areas
  • Northeast
  • West Coast (California)

15
Party Symbols
  • The Donkey represents the Democrats.
  • President Andrew Jackson was depicted as a
    Jackass.

16
Republican Platform Ideas
  • Family values
  • Religion (school prayer is OK)
  • Less Govt involvement
  • Wealthy/prosperous economy more important than
    the environment

17
Republican Party
  • Types of People
  • WASPs
  • Educated
  • Businesses
  • Professional groups
  • Wealthy
  • Conservatives
  • Region
  • Suburbs
  • West
  • Midwest
  • Rural areas
  • South

18
Party Symbols
  • The Elephant represents the Republicans.
  • Why? Ulysses S. Grant was portrayed as a
    marching elephant.

19
What is the Solid South?
  • Southern States strictly vote for the same party

20
The Civil War
  • Just after the Civil War, the Solid South voted
    overwhelmingly Democratic because the focus of
    the Republican Party was the issue of
    anti-slavery (slavery existed in the South and
    was eventually outlawed).

21
What is Realignment?
  • A long term shift in voting patterns from one
    party to another
  • The Solid South!

22
Realignment of the South
  • The Solid South realigned in the 1950s-1960s to
    the Republican Party
  • Southerners believed Democrats were becoming too
    liberal, supporting the Civil Rights Movement
  • Southern White voters now vote for Republicans

23
Straight Party Ticket
  • Voting for all the candidates of one party
  • Ex) I voted for all the Democratic candidates in
    the last election

24
Split Ticket
  • Vote cast on one ballot for candidates of two or
    more different political parties
  • Ex) Voting for a Democratic President, a
    Republican Congressman, and an Independent
    legislator

25
The Electoral College
  • The Electoral College influences candidates to
    campaign in the states with the most electoral
    votes (states with largest population).
  • California, Texas, New York have the most
    number of electoral votes.
  • Other showdown states include Pennsylvania,
    Ohio, and Florida.

26
Third Parties
  • In the U.S., we have a two-party system, yet
    several third parties have emerged throughout
    time.
  • Although third parties do not have much power in
    elections, they serve a greater purpose
  • they discuss issues and concerns that the two
    main parties would otherwise ignore!

27
Why do politicians need money?
  • To campaign
  • To set up ads (photo-ops, commercials)
  • To hold dinners
  • To travel to states (hold rallies)
  • To educate voters

28
Soft Money
  • Soft money refers to unlimited donations to the
    political parties for the purpose of
    party-building activities.
  • Most recently given to 527 groups without any
    real limits

29
Hard Money
  • Hard money refers to money donated to a specific
    political candidate.
  • Regulated to 1,000 a year per candidate

30
Political Action Committees (PACs)
  • Set up by an interest group, or individual
  • Their main function is to raise and contribute
    funds to a candidate
  • Given to the candidate that appears to agree with
    the beliefs of their interest group
  • EX) MADD will give to a candidate that promises
    stricter DWI laws

31
Interest Groups
  • Influence the political process by
  • Appealing to public opinion
  • Lobbying (lobbyists provide info to legislators
    and the public)
  • Contributing to candidates

32
Interest Groups
  • Most IGs in Washington, DC represent
    corporations and businesses
  • Allow individuals to speak in a louder, combined
    voice
  • People join IGs because they feel strongly about
    the goal the IG is trying to achieve

33
The Media
  • Decides what issues to focus on, thus affecting
    which issues the public thinks are important
  • The media also has 4 major functions
  • Informs
  • Entertains
  • Investigates
  • Advertises

34
Impact of the Media
  • Positives
  • Competition
  • Gain appeal
  • Make profit
  • Negatives
  • Sensationalism
  • Too critical of govt
  • Too invasive

35
The Media
  • Free Media
  • Hillary Clinton appears on the Tonight Show with
    Jay Leno
  • Hillary Clinton attends a rally in downtown
    Buffalo all local news stations cover the story
  • No control over what is shown in the media

36
The Media
  • Paid Media
  • Barack Obama pays for a TV commercial promoting
    himself as the best Democratic Presidential
    candidate for the 2008 election.
  • Can control what is seen/heard

37
Media as the Elite
  • The Media is sometimes called the 4th Branch of
    Government
  • The media acts as a lens and has the power to
  • Present a candidate as good or evil
  • Ignore a candidate
  • Distort our perception of candidates

38
Other Things to Study
  • Pillars of Democracy
  • Bill of Rights Important Amendments
  • 1st Amendment
  • 10th Amendment
  • 14th Amendment
  • 15th Amendment
  • 19th Amendment
  • 26th Amendment
  • GOOD LUCK!!
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