Year 11

1
Year 11

• Revision

2
How should I revise?

• Know what you need to revise
• Split the units in different sections (eg.
  Landforms / processes / management)
• Understand and know how to define the key terms
• Have detail in your knowledge of case studies
• Tackle questions practice marking each others
  responses. Use pages 202-204 from textbook

3
Unit 1

• Key terms
• Megacity
• Urbanisation
• Urban sprawl
• Suburbs
• Floodplain
• Dereliction
• Mixed use
• Redevelopment

• Commuters
• Integrated transport system
• Biofuel
• Slums
• Brownfield / greenfield
• Carbon zero
• Urban regeneration
• Eco-homes / towns
• Urban heat island

4
Living in an urban world
Hazards in urban areas
Regeneration and redevelopment
Urban issues in LEDCs
Sustainable urban development
5
Living in an ever increasingly urban world

• What are the global patterns?
• What is the link between urbanisation and
  economic growth?
• Which countries are driving this move to an
  increasingly urban world?

6
What are the problems resulting from living in an
urban world?

• Key case study China
• 2008 16/20 most polluted cities were found in
  china. Especially chongqing see notes re.
  number of high rise buildings.
• A landfill opened in 2003 already is filled with
  more than a million tonnes of rubbish.
• World Health Org. says that lack of safe water
  and proper sanitation accounts for 12 child
  deaths in developing countries.

7
Natural hazards in urban areas

• Los Angeles why is it known as a multi hazard
  city?
• Why are towns / cities vulnerable to flooding?
• What is the Thames region flood management plan?
• 1) Planning reduce building on floodplains
• 2) Increase river corridors / open space
  (sustainable approach)
• 3) Use existing floodplains better
• 4) Flood defences

8
Medcs reducing deprivation and improving
quality of life

• WHO a child living in one suburb in Glasgow can
  expect to live 28 years less than a child born
  13km away.
• How can deprives areas be improved?
• Measuring problems in area
• Improving housing
• Building community spirit.

• Examples
• Watcombe Devon. A poor housing estate has had
  central heating upgraded, ventilation, insulation
  installed. Health and well-being improved.
• Hackney better street lighting, green space,
  community centres built, low level flats

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Urban redevelopment its all about Brindleyplace!
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Part of a bigger regeneration project - birmingham

• The Mailbox shopping centre
• 550 million for New Street station
• 35 million development of city hospital
• Bullring shopping centre 35 million visitors a
  year
• Mixed use development

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Managing movement integrated transport system.

• 80 journeys made by car
• Congestion ¼ all roads in UK are congested
  every day
• Pollution
• Business costs - 24 billion loss to business
  every year.
• Curitiba Know the methods implemented.
• Results? 1.3 million passengers every day
• 80 of all commuters use buses
• 30 million fewer car trips a year
• Cleaner environment

• Cambridge guided busway (CGB)
• Plus points
• Links villages to city
• Reduces need for cars
• Fast service in Cambridge 10 mins
• Re-using old train line less land required
• Wi-fi
• Negatives
• Is it open yet?
• Cost 116 million
• Engineering problems

12
Coping with growth in cities in LEDCs

• By 2030 1 in 3 people will be living in slums
• Africa has fastest growth kibera
• Asia has greatest number 600 million
• Challenges providing adequate housing and
  services for urban poor

• Mumbai
• Population 15 million
• Half of population live in slums pavement
  dwellers.
• Dharavi.
• Nairobi capital of Kenya. 60 live in slums.
• Disease rife, crime, lack of safety.

BUT! How can urban growth create opportunities
for development? Step to better life / Water /
education health more accessible / jobs
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Schemes to get people out of slums

• COHAB Curitiba housing programme
• homes not shelters
• Self help schemes
• NGOs wateraid, oxfam, clintonfoundation
• Rubbish collection in Dar es Salaam

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Eco homes BEDZED of course!
15
Sustainable living

• Energy, waste, transport, environment, homes,
  work. All factors to be considered to meet
  sustainable goal.
• Examples
• Greenhouse development Leeds former industrial
  building now carbon zero development. (mixed use)
• Bedzed Sutton (south london)
• China Chongming island

16
Ecotowns

• Use an example to know what the development is
  like where / how
• What are the arguments surrounding their
  development?
• NIMBYISM

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Exam practice

• Why are urban populations in LEDCs growing
  rapidly? (4)
• Describe the environmental problems caused by
  urban growth. Use an example. (6 marks)
• Describe the problems that natural hazards cause
  in urban areas. (6)
• Explain how the effects of natural hazards in
  urban areas can be reduced. (6)
• Explain how urban redevelopment projects can
  improve socio-economic conditions and
  environmental conditions. (8)