Matter and Change

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Matter and Change

• Chapter 1
• Pages 3-15

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What is chemistry?

• Chemistry is the study of matter.
• text Chemistry is the study of the composition,
  structure, and properties of matter, the
  processes that matter undergoes, and the energy
  changes that accompany these processes
• Chemistry is really a lot more exciting than the
  text definition!!

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General fields of study

• Theoretical chemistry
• Organic chemistry
• Inorganic chemistry
• Analytical chemistry
• Physical chemistry
• Biochemistry

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What is matter? How do we explain it? Classify it?

• Matter has mass, takes up space
• Mass measure of amount of matter
• comes in many forms
• Fundamental building blocks of matter
• Elements pure substance, one type of atom
• Compounds pure substance, 2 types atoms
  CHEMICALLY combined

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Element or Compound?

• Carbon dioxide
• Water
• Helium
• Hydrogen
• Carbon
• Sugar
• Salt

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Understanding matter

• Described by physical and chemical properties
• Physical properties can be intensive or extensive
• Intensive properties are those that do not change
  with the amount of substance, where extensive
  properties do

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Intensive or Extensive?

• Mass
• Density
• Boiling point
• State of matter
• Volume

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Understanding Matter

• Physical properties
• Color, texture, luster, melting point, boiling
  point, solubility
• Chemical properties
• Combustibility, non-reactive, ability to corrode,
  toxicity

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Physical or chemical property?

• Hardness
• Density
• Malleability
• Tendency to corrode
• Flammability
• Weight
• Failure to react with other substances
• Mass
• Volume
• Melting point
• Ductility

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Understanding Matter

• Properties determine type of change (physical vs.
  chemical)
• Energy involved in any change, total energy is
  conserved (not destroyed or created)
• Physical change
• Changes of state (melting, boiling, etc)
• Solid definite shape and volume
• Liquid definite volume, indefinite shape
• Gas indefinite shape and volume
• Chemical change
• a substances ability to undergo changes that
  transform it into different substances

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Indicators of a chemical change

• Formation of new substances
• Change in heat/ energy
• Gas produced
• Formation of a precipitate
• Color change

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Is the change physical or chemical?

• Dissolving sugar in water
• Combining vinegar and baking soda
• Smashing a glass jar
• Bending wire
• Freezing mercury
• Making caramel from sugar
• Silver tarnishing

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Classify it!(element, compound, heterogeneous
mixture, homogeneous mixture)

• Egg
• Table salt
• Bronze
• Dry ice
• Gasoline
• Water
• Oxygen
• Oil in water
• Granite
• Sugar water
• Alphabet soup
• Gold
• Silver
• ice