Solutions

1
Solutions

• Mixing, Mixing, Mixing!

2
Mixture

• Physical combination
• Substances may be physically separated
• Methods of separation
• Boiling/evaporation
• Fractional crystalization
• Magnetism
• Electricity

3
Solution

• Homogeneous
• Single phase
• Soluble capable of being dissolved
• Solvent substance doing the dissolving
• Solute substance(s) being dissolved

4
Process of Solution

• Solute breaks into pieces
• Solute is surrounded by solvent
• Kinetic energy moves solvent and solute until
  homogeneous solution achieved

5
Types of Solutions

• Solid, liquid, gas
• Table 13-1 shows some combinations
• Common in chemistry labs solid in liquid
• Generally Like dissolves like!
• Particle size in solution is very small

6
Solute Particles

• Electrolyte vs nonelectrolyte
• Electrolyte Conducts electricity in solution
• Ionic substance
• Dissociates when dissolved to form more than one
  solute particle
• Nonelectrolyte Does not conduct
• Generally covalent substances

7
Suspension

• Heterogeneous mixture
• Larger particle size (over 1000 nm)
• Particles will settle out with time
• Particles can be separated from mixture by
  filtration

8
Colloid

• Mixture with homogeneous characteristics, but
  suspended particles
• Particle size between that of suspension and
  mixture (1-1000 nm)
• Made of dispersing medium and dispersed phase
• Tyndall effect scattering of light by dispersed
  phase

9
Tyndall Effect