Evolution of abdominal closure

1
Evolution of abdominal closure
????-1850
1850-1950
1950-1980
1980-2000
Mass closure
Anatomic basis
Mass closure reintroduced
Mass closure
40 mortality
Layer closure
Layer closure phasing out
Less dehiscence
New suture materials
Hernia incidence same
2
Evolution of abdominal closure
????-1850
1850-1950
1950-1980
1980-2000
Mass closure
Anatomic basis
Mass closure reintroduced
Mass closure
40 mortality
Layer closure
Layer closure phasing out
Less dehiscence
New suture materials
Hernia incidence same