The Presidency

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The Presidency
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What are the Presidents Expressed and Implied
Powers?

• Expressed Powers - Delegated powers of the
  National Government that are spelled out,
  expressly, in the Constitution also called
  "enumerated powers Example the President is
  Commander-in-Chief (Comes from Article II)
• Implied powers - Delegated powers of National
  Government that are suggested by the expressed
  powers set out in the Constitution Example
  "necessary and proper" to carry out expressed
  powers in Article I, Section 8 (only applies to
  Congress). Presidential Example Agenda Setting
  The President is the Legislator-in-Chief

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Powers of the President Article II

• National Security Powers Commander-In-Chief
  Executive Privilege Make Treaties Nominate
  Ambassadors Recognize foreign governments
• Leaked Memo on Citizen Execution Without Trial
  YouTube
• Executing Citizens Up To NSC Panel - YouTube
• DOJ Paper When It's OK To Kill Americans In
  Al-Qaida NPR
• February 6, 2013 - Ed Whitacre - The Daily Show
  With Jon Stewart - Full Episode Video Comedy
  Central
• Legislative Powers Recommend Legislation
  (Implied) State of the Union (Agenda Setting)
  Call for Special Sessions of Congress Adjourn
  Congress Veto
• Administrative Powers - Faithfully execute the
  laws Nominate Officials (Bureaucracy/Cabinet)
  Recess Appointments Executive Orders
• Judicial Powers Grant Reprieves/Pardons
  Nominate Federal Judges.

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Implied Powers of the President Not Explicitly
in Article II

• Impoundment of Funds- presidential refusal to
  spend funds appropriated by Congress
• Budget Reform Act of 1974 - requires, among
  other things, that the president spend all
  appropriated funds.
• Executive Privilege
• Executive Orders
• Agenda Setting

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Agenda Setting

• Article Two, Section Three He shall from time
  to time give to the Congress Information of the
  State of the Union, and recommend to their
  Consideration such Measures as he shall judge
  necessary and expedient.
• Presidents initiate foreign policy, economic
  goals and plans, and programs that improve the
  quality of life of citizens.
• FDR set the precedent with his 100 Days that
  the President, and the federal government in
  general, had the responsibility of ensuring
  Americans quality of life.

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The President as Chief Legislator

• Its been shown that even the most skilled
  legislators and politicians (LBJ) can not create
  change.
• The Persuader-In-Chief - Using The Bully
  Pulpit, the President can recognize favorable
  configurations of political forces and
  effectively exploit them to embark on major
  shifts in public policy.
• Legislator in Chief.doc

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Economic Scene - Obamas Budget Plan Sweeps Away
Reagan Ideas - NYTimes.com

• Counter-Point Op-Ed Columnist - A Moderate
  Manifesto - NYTimes.com

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Executive Orders

• Congress allows the president to issue executive
  orders- implied power execute the laws.
• Executive Orders are issued to enforce the
  Constitution, treaties, legislative statues, or
  they may establish or modify rules and practices
  of executive administrative agencies.
• The only restriction on executive orders is that
  they must be published in the Federal Register, a
  daily publication of the US government.

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Executive Order 9066

• This order gave the military authority to exclude
  citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas that
  were deemed critical to national defense and
  potentially vulnerable to espionage.
• FDR used his authority as Commander-in-Chief to
  exercise war powers to send 120,000
  Japanese-Americans (60 were born in the USA) to
  internment camps.
• http//espn.go.com/video/clip?id7768180
• Korematsu v. United States, Part 1 of 2, from
  Thinkwell's American Government - YouTube

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Wartime Paranoiaaffects the Supreme Court

• Korematsu v. US (1944)
• West Coast- declared a military zone of operation
  - to protect against invasion martial law
  existed suspension of Habeus Corpus.
• Court ruled that the detentions were justified
  military necessity not racial.

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Executive Order 9981

• It expanded on Executive Order 8802 by
  establishing equality of treatment and
  opportunity in the Armed Services for people of
  all races, religions, or national origins.

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Presidential Approval

• Changes in approval are the result of war,
  foreign affairs or the economy. The Presidents
  efforts and positions on these issues determine
  his public image more than any other factor.
• Political Party identification keeps approval
  relatively steady.
• Rally Events lead to temporary spikes in
  approval Bush I- the First Gulf War, Bush II-
  9/11. Morale Builder.

• First term Presidents are given a honeymoon
  period.
• Usually in their second term ALL Presidents see a
  decline in their approval ratings.

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Will Obama Lose his Mandate?

• Of course he will. . . all Presidents do.
• Expectation Gap

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The Presidents Managerial Style

• The organization of the White House Office has
  been analyzed according to two models
• The Pyramid Model The Circular Model
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vR67CH-qhXJs

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Presidential Character

• James Barber The Presidential Character
  assessed presidents by two character based
  criteria
• Active v. Passives Inclinations
• Positive v. Negative Points of View

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You campaign in poetry and you govern in prose.

• 410 billion spending bill (2009)
• 2.1 million for the Center for Grape Genetics in
  New York.
• 1.7 million for a honey bee factory in Weslaco,
  Tex.
• 1.7 million for pig odor research in Iowa.
• 1 million for Mormon cricket control in Utah.
• 819,000 for catfish genetics research in
  Alabama.
• 650,000 for beaver management in North Carolina
  and Mississippi.
• 951,500 for a Sustainable Las Vegas.
• 2 million for the promotion of astronomy in
  Hawaii.
• 167,000 for the Autry National Center for the
  American West in Los Angeles.
• 238,000 for the Polynesian Voyaging Society in
  Hawaii.
• 200,000 for a tattoo removal violence outreach
  program to help gang members or others shed
  visible signs of their past.
• 209,000 to improve blueberry production and
  efficiency in Georgia.
• 9,000 earmarks worth 7.7 billion
• Source Op-Ed Columnist - Stage of Fools -
  NYTimes.com