BRAZIL

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BRAZIL

• The GIANT of South America

Worlds 5th Largest Country in BOTH Population
Area
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THE TREATY OF TORDESILLAS (1494) signed by
Spanish Portuguese. - Lands of South America
divided fairly evenly Portugal took lands of
present day BRAZIL Spain took the rest.
Portuguese Objective Gold Silver
Great wealth from Brazil was SUGAR CANE

• Patterns Of Settlement
• Along coasts huge plantations cities
  established.
• Native labor used/ millions died then
  Africans kidnapped sold into slavery in New
  World.

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NORTHEAST REGION
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A. Northeast Region

• 1. Portuguese first colonized Northeast Brazil
  established SUGAR cane plantations
• 2. Today
• people in
• northeast
• suffer from
• extreme
• poverty.

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SOUTHEAST REGION
Includes mega cities of Sao Paulo Rio de
Janeiro (former capital)
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B. SOUTHEASTREGION

1. 17 of the land/ 40 of the population.
2. Good Climate Grow diverse crops.
3. COFFEE most important crop of region (Worlds
   Coffee Pot ---¼ of worlds supply).
4. Megacities grew on coast the poor with few
   skills have limited opportunities/ end up living
   in favelas (slums surrounding cities).

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Rio de Janeiro
and
Sao Paulo
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F A V E L A S
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CENTRAL WEST REGION
Includes the capital city of Brasília and much
of the Brazilian Highlands
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C. Central Western Region
(includes Brazilian Highlands)
moved from Rio de Janeiro to BRASÍLIA (1960)

• 1. Contains the countrys new
  capital -
• 2. The government moved capital city 600 miles
  inland to develop the countrys interior and draw
  the population away from the overcrowded coastal
  areas.

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THE CAPITAL CITY OF BRASILIA
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D. INDUSTRY

• 1. Brazil developed new industries to
• bring settlement to interior and reduce
  crowding poverty in coastal cities.
• 2. Industries growing/ many businesses
• people have migrated to interior.
• 3. Govt developed alcohol-based fuel
• GASAHOL (85 ethanol a mixture made from
  sugar caneBrazilians grow fuel).

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HUGE SUPPLIES OF NATURAL RESOURCES MAKE BRAZIL
AN ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE!
CHROMITE
TIN
LAND
IRON
OIL
GOLD
MANGANESE
BAUXITE
QUARTZ
NICKEL
TIMBER
TITANIUM
SILVER
TUNGSTEN
NATURAL GAS
SWIFT RIVERS
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E. Negative Effects of Development

• 1. Development has improved lives of some
  Brazilians, but also has negative effects
• a. Cutting down clearing the rain
• forests threatens ecosystems.
• b. Displaces the indigenous
• tribes of the tributaries
• of the Amazon Basin.

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Northern Region AMAZONIA
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F. AMAZON RIVER REGION (Basin)

• Largest region in Brazil.
• Contains 50 of land area only 10 of the
  population.
• Only 200,000
• Indigenous peoples remain in 180 tribal
• groups

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AMAZON
BASIN
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FACTS - 50 of worlds rainforest -
Largest river in world - 20 of world's
river water that runs into oceans -
10 times more water than Mississippi R.
- Fresh water from Amazon flows 200
miles out into Atlantic O. - Amazon
Basin 9 times bigger than Texas. -
Flood Season Amazon rises 30 feet (Dec.
to May)
Amazon Basin 2.5 M square miles   Length of
River 6,500 miles
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• RAIN FOREST
• Cleans earths atmosphere
• Regulates climate
• 3. Shelters millions of species of animal
  plant life
• Being destroyed for cattle ranches, subsistence
  commercial agriculture logging.
• THE RAIN FORESTS of BRAZIL ARE THE WORLDS MOST
  ENDANGERED FORESTS IN THE WORLD

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Ancient History of Spanish-SpeakingSouth
America
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INCA

• Major ancient civilization of the Americas
• Location Andes Mountains
• From Ecuador to Chile by 1500
• Conquered by Spanish in 1500s
• Native spoken language QUECHUA but
• NO written language

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Machu Picchu, City of the Inca Kings, Urubamba
Valley of Peru
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Inca Artifacts