Progressive Presidents

1
Progressive Presidents

• Chapter 21, Section 3
• Pgs. 620-624

2
Trustbuster

• Someone who breaks up trusts

3
Arbitration

• Settling a dispute by agreeing to accept the
  decision of an impartial outsider.

4
Square Deal

• Fair and equal treatment for all
• This was Roosevelts 1904 campaign promise.

5
Laissez-faire

• French term meaning let people do as they
  choose.

6
Conservation

• The protection and preservation of natural
  resources.

7
1900 Presidential Election

• President McKinley won the 1900 election with
  Theodore Roosevelt as his Vice-President.
• Less than a year after the election, McKinley was
  assassinated.
• 42 year-old Theodore Roosevelt became the
  nations youngest president and moved into the
  White House in 1901.

8
The Trustbuster

• President Roosevelt supported business
  regulation.
• He ordered the Justice Department to take legal
  action against certain trusts that had violated
  the Sherman Antitrust Act.
• Roosevelt obtained a total of 25 indictments
  against trusts in the beef, oil, and tobacco
  industries.

9
1902 Coal Strike

• The United Mine Workers went on strike.
• The mine owners refused to negotiate with the
  workers.
• The strike lasted for months and winter was
  approaching with coal supplies dwindling.
• Roosevelt invited representatives of the owners
  and miners to a meeting at the White House.
• When the owners refused to negotiate, he
  threatened to send federal troops to work the
  mines.
• The owners agreed to arbitration accepting the
  decision of an impartial outsider.
• Mine workers won a pay increase and reduction in
  hours.

10
"United Mine Workers of America. Anthracite Coal
Strike of 1902. After a Mass Meeting." Scranton,
Pennsylvania. 1902
11
Roosevelts Attitude

• Roosevelt called for a considerable amount of
  government regulation of business.
• Past presidents had taken the attitude that
  businesses should do as they choose.
• Roosevelt supported the Meat Inspection Act and
  the Pure Food and Drug Act.

12
Roosevelt the Environmentalist

• Roosevelt became known as the environmental
  president because he took steps to conserve the
  countrys forests, mineral deposits, and water
  resources.
• He proposed the U.S. Forest Service and set aside
  millions of acres of national forests.
• He created the first wildlife sanctuaries
• Formed the National Conservation Commission

13
William Howard Taft

• Roosevelt decided not to run for reelection
  because no president before him had ever run for
  three terms in office.
• He chose Taft to run in his place.
• Taft easily defeated his Democratic opponent in
  the 1908 election.

14
Sixteenth Amendment

• The 16th Amendment gave Congress the power to tax
  peoples incomes to generate revenue for the
  federal government.
• INCOME TAX

15
Taft Disappoints

• Despite his progressive reforms, President Taft
  failed Progressives in two ways
• Did not fight for a lower tariff
• Modified some conservation policies so that they
  favored big business.

16
The Progressive Party

• Roosevelt was disappointed in Taft and wanted to
  run on the Republican ticket in the 1912
  election. The Republican party chose Taft.
• Roosevelt formed his own party, the Progressive
  Party.
• The party was nicknamed the Bull Moose Party
  because Roosevelt told a reporter when asked
  about his health, I feel as strong as a bull
  moose!

17
Woodrow Wilson

• Roosevelts Progressive Party split the
  Republican vote and hurt both Taft and himself.
• Democrat Woodrow Wilson was able to defeat the
  two in the 1912 election.

18
Federal Reserve Act

• The Federal Reserve Act was passed in 1913 and
  regulated banking. It created regional banks
  supervised by a central board in Washington, D.C.

19
Federal Trade Commission

• The Federal Trade Commission was established to
  investigate corporations for unfair practices.