Cultural Anthropology

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Cultural Anthropology

• by Nancy Bonvillain Chapter 10
• Gender

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• Gender the roles that people perform in their
  households and communities and the values and
  attitudes that people have regarding men and
  women
• Sex biological differences between males and
  females
• Gender construct (gender model) the set of
  cultural assumptions about gender roles and
  values and the relations between the genders that
  people learn as members of their societies

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• Cultural construct models of behavior and
  attitudes that a particular culture transmits to
  its members
• Transvestism dressing in the clothes usually
  worn by members of the opposite gender
• Berdaches Male Two-Spirits in some Native
  American societies who adopted some of the
  economic and social roles of women
• Two-Spirits In Native American societies, males
  who adopted some of the social and economic roles
  of women, and females who adopted some of the
  social and economic roles of men

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• Gender roles constellations of rights, duties,
  attitudes, and behaviors that are culturally
  associated with each gender
• Gender relations norms of interaction between
  men and women, which may reflect differences in
  the relative staus, prestige, and power between
  men and women

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• Gender equality a constellation of behaviors,
  attitudes, and rights that support the autonomy
  of both women and men
• Gender inequality the denial of autonomy and
  equal rights to one group of people based on
  their gender
• Male dominance a constellation of behaviors and
  attitudes that grant men access to roles of
  prestige and reward and deny the same to women

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• Gender gap the difference in wages and income
  earned by men and women for comparable work
• Cult of domesticity constellation of beliefs
  popular in the late nineteenth and early
  twentieth centuries that promoted the notion that
  women were, by nature and biology, suited to the
  domestic tasks of nurturing and caring for their
  husbands and children

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• Social reproduction the care and sustenance of
  people who will be able to contribute
  productively to society