Title: Green Oak Tortrix Tortrix viridana
1Green Oak TortrixTortrix viridana
2Green Oak Tortrix
- Other common names European oak leaf roller, oak
leaf roller, green oak leaf roller, pea-green oak
curl moth - Pest of Oak species
- Native of Europe, Northern Africa, Iran, and
Israel - Not yet present in the United States.
Image credits Green tortrix-Wikipedia
https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana
3Global Distribution of the Green Oak Tortrix
Image credits Tortrix viridana Global
distribution Plantwise http//www.plantwise.org/
KnowledgeBank/PWMap.aspx?speciesID44378dsID5420
6locglobal
4Distribution of Suitable Hosts in the U.S.
- Distribution of Oak species in North America
- Potential distribution of green oak tortrix
Image credits Oak distribution map-Marco Castro
file///C/Users/bwhitman/Downloads/9783540289081-
c1.pdf
5Pest of Oak
- Pest of all oak species (Quercus spp.)
Image credits Wikipedia https//en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Oak
6Damage
Look for
- Rolled leaves
- Defoliation
- Feeding damage on leaves
- Leaves joined with silk
Image credits Rolled leaves FAO P. Kapitola
Accessed 6/3/16 http//www.fao.org/3/a-i4084e.pdf
Image 5378850 - Bugwoood Milan Zubrik
http//www.invasive.org/browse/subinfo.cfm?sub931
9
7Life cycle
Eggs
Adult
Larvae
Pupae
Image credit Eggs UGA1220081 Wikipedia
https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana
Larvae Milan Zubrik Bugwood.org 5378110
Bugwood.org Pupae Gyorgy Csoka Bugwood.org
5429227 Adult Milan Zubrik Bugwood.org 5378849
8Identification
- Wing span of 9-11mm
- Bright to pale green forewing
- Gray hindwing
- No markings on wings
Image credits On leaf - Gyorgy Csoka Bugwood.org
5429226 Pinned - Milan Zubrik Bugwood.org 5378849
9Lookalikes - Adults
Green Oak Tortrix
Bicolored Chloraspilates Moth
VS
- Spots and a pale brown strip on top edge of
forewing - Brown hindwing
- Faint darker band on hindwing
- Solid green forewing
- Gray hindwing
- No markings
Image credits Green oak tortrix - Milan Zubrik
Bugwood.org 5378849 Chloraspilates Moth Lon
Brehmer and Enriqueta Flores http//bugguide.net/n
ode/view/639353
10Identification
- Roll up leaves using silk
- Pupate between leaves
- Pupation lasts 2 to 3 weeks
Image credit Fabio Stergulc Bugwood.org
UGA1297009
11Identification
- 15 to 20 mm long
- Green to gray body
- Brown to black head
- Black legs
- Hatch in spring
Image credits Gyorgy Csoka Bugwood.org 5429143
12Identification
- Laid in cement like mass
- Disguised by dust and algae
- Round
- 0.7mm wide
- Begin light yellow, then change to brown
Image credits Eggs UGA1220081 Wikipedia
https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana
13Monitoring
Delta trap
Moth (funnel) trap
- Use pheromones for monitoring
- Delta traps are the most effective
- Moth traps are best if area is dusty
- Traps and pheromone lures can be bought online
Image credits Delta trap - USDA APHIS PPQ,
Bugwood.org UGA2652094 Moth/funnel trap USDA
http//www.ars.usda.gov/sp2UserFiles/person/11809/
2014_guerrero_etal_00.pdf
14Chemical Control
- No effective biological controls
- BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) insecticide control
- BT was better with pyrethroid or acylurea
insecticides
Bacillus thuringiensis (BT)
Aerial spray plane
Image credits Bt gram stain - https//en.wikipedi
a.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensis Plane - David
McComb, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
UGA1678077 http//www.forestryimages.org/browse/de
tail.cfm?imgnum1678077
15Suspect Sample Submissions
- Contact your State Department of Agriculture or
University Cooperative Extension laboratory - http//www.npdn.org/home
- PPQ form 391, Specimens for Determination
- https//www.aphis.usda.gov/library/forms/pdf/PPQ_F
orm_391.pdf
An example of a PPQ form for sample submissions
Image credits https//www.aphis.usda.gov/library/
forms/pdf/PPQ_Form_391.pdf
16Communications
- Contact your State Plant Health Director
- https//www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/planthea
lth/ppq-program-overview/ct_sphd - Contact your State Plant Regulatory Official
- http//nationalplantboard.org/membership/
Image credits http//www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda
/usdahome http//nationalplantboard.org/
17Author and Publication Dates
- Brianna Whitman, B.S.
- Laboratory Technician, Department of Entomology
and Nematology, University of Florida - Amanda Hodges, Ph.D.
- Associate Extension Scientist, Department of
Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida - Publication date October 2016
18Reviewers
- Catherine A. Marzolf
- Assistant State Plant Health Director, USDA APHIS
PPQ
19Educational Disclaimer and Citation
- This presentation can be used for educational
purposes for NON-PROFIT workshops, trainings,
etc. - Citation Whitman, Brianna and Amanda Hodges.
2016. Green oak tortrix - Tortrix viridana. - Accessed (add the date)
- www.protectingusnow.org
20Our Partners
- United States Department of Agriculture, National
Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA NIFA) - United States Department of Agriculture, Animal
and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant
Protection and Quarantine (USDA APHIS PPQ) - Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS)
Program - National Plant Board (NPB)
- States Department of Agriculture
- Extension Disaster Education Network (EDEN)
- Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
(Bugwood) - National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN)
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
- U.S. Forest Service (USFS)
21References
- 1. Arn, H., E. Priesner, H. Bogenschütz, H. R.
Buser, D. L. Struble, S. Rauscher, and S.
Voerman. 2014. Sex Pheromone of Tortrix viridana
(Z)-11-Teradecenyl Acetate as the Main Component.
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. 3412 1281-1284.
- http//www.degruyter.com/view/j/znc.1979.34.issue-
12/znc-1979-1237/znc-1979-1237.xml - 2. Butterflies and Moths of North America
collecting and sharing data about Lepidoptera.
2016. Attributes of Chloraspilates bicoloraria.
NBII and USGS. Accessed 6/13/16. - http//www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Chloras
pilates-bicoloraria - 3. FAO. 2007. Forest Health Biosecurity Working
Papers, Overview of Forest Pests, Moldova. FAO,
Rome. Accessed 6/3/16. - http//www.fao.org/forestry/12273-0f4aa140d20406aa
da5e923a94b66f9b2.pdf - 4. Gibbs, John. 1999. Dieback of Pedunculate Oak.
Forestry Commission, Edinburgh. Accessed 6/3/16. - http//www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/fcin22.pdf/FILE/fc
in22.pdf - 5. Gillian, Todd M. and Marc E. Epstein. 2014.
TortAI Tortricids of Agricultural Importance.
Colorado State University. Accessed 6/3/16. - http//idtools.org/id/leps/tortai/Tortrix_viridana
.htm
22References
- 6. Huffaker, C. B., P. S. Messenger. 1976. Theory
and Practice of Biological Control. Academic
Press Inc., London, UK. - https//books.google.com/books?idGB-bzK3vCPYCpg
PA327lpgPA327dqtortrixviridanacontrolsource
blots0d-pHHivJAsigHouunB_4uLgWxg0GJJNvnANZCDY
hlensaXved0ahUKEwjlvoG8j6jNAhWL1x4KHXI2BkE4C
hDoAQg8MAYvonepageqtortrix20viridana20contro
lffalse - 7. Kimber, Ian. Green Oak Tortrix Tortrix
viridana. UKMoths. Accessed 6/1/16. - http//ukmoths.org.uk/species/tortrix-viridana
- 8. Lakatos, Ferenc, and Stefan Mirtchev. 2014.
Handbook of the Major Forest Pests in Southeast
Europe. FAO, Pristina. Accessed 6/3/16 - http//www.fao.org/3/a-i4084e.pdf
- 9. Meijerman, L., S. A. Ulenberg. Arthropods of
Economic Importance Eurasian Tortricidae.
Zoological Museum University of Amsterdam.
Linnaeus 1758. - http//wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/tortricidae.ph
p?menuentrysoortenid279 - 10. Novotný, Von J., J. Patocka, I. Hrdý, and J.
Vrkoc. 1990. Zur Überwachung des grünen
Eichenwicklers, Tortrix viridana L. (Lep.,
Tortricidae) mittels synthetischen
Sexualpheromons. 63 125-129. - http//link.springer.com/article/10.10072FBF02033
947page-1
23References
- 11. OPAL Explore Nature. 2016. Oak pests and
diseases. Big Lottery Fund. Accessed 6/14/16. - https//www.opalexplorenature.org/oak-pests-diseas
es/1 - 12. Pest Tracker Exotic Pest Reporting. 2016.
Purdue. Accessed 6/1/16. - http//pest.ceris.purdue.edu/pest.php?codeITBUEWA
- 13. Plantwise Knowledge Bank. 2016. Plantwise
Technical Factsheet green oak leaf-roller.
Accessed 6/3/16. - http//www.plantwise.org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.a
spx?dsid54206 - 14. Rhode Island Department of Environmental
Management/Division of Agriculture. 2015. Green
Oak Tortrix Tortrix viridana. USDA. Accessed
6/1/16. - http//www.dem.ri.gov/programs/bnatres/agricult/pd
f/pests_greenoaktortrixmoth.pdf - 15. Russell IPM Integrated Pest Management.
2016. Agriculture Tortrix viridana. Accessed
6/6/16. - http//new.russellipm-agriculture.com/insect.php?i
nsect_id126langen - 16. Tomescu, Romica, and Constantin Netoiu. 2005.
Control of the Broad Leaves Main Defoliators in
Romania in 2005. Forest Research and Management
Institute. - http//bfw.ac.at/400/iufro_workshop/proceedings/26
3-270_B13_Romica20Tomescu2020Constantin20Neto
iu_poster.pdf