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Green Oak Tortrix Tortrix viridana

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Spots and a pale brown ... The mass is lined in dust and algae, ... though adding a chemical insecticide such as a pyrethroid or acylurea with the BT application ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Green Oak Tortrix Tortrix viridana


1
Green Oak TortrixTortrix viridana
2
Green Oak Tortrix
  • Other common names European oak leaf roller, oak
    leaf roller, green oak leaf roller, pea-green oak
    curl moth
  • Pest of Oak species
  • Native of Europe, Northern Africa, Iran, and
    Israel
  • Not yet present in the United States.

Image credits Green tortrix-Wikipedia
https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana
3
Global Distribution of the Green Oak Tortrix
Image credits Tortrix viridana Global
distribution Plantwise http//www.plantwise.org/
KnowledgeBank/PWMap.aspx?speciesID44378dsID5420
6locglobal
4
Distribution of Suitable Hosts in the U.S.
  • Distribution of Oak species in North America
  • Potential distribution of green oak tortrix

Image credits Oak distribution map-Marco Castro
file///C/Users/bwhitman/Downloads/9783540289081-
c1.pdf
5
Pest of Oak
  • Pest of all oak species (Quercus spp.)

Image credits Wikipedia https//en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Oak
6
Damage
Look for
  • Rolled leaves
  • Defoliation
  • Feeding damage on leaves
  • Leaves joined with silk

Image credits Rolled leaves FAO P. Kapitola
Accessed 6/3/16 http//www.fao.org/3/a-i4084e.pdf
Image 5378850 - Bugwoood Milan Zubrik
http//www.invasive.org/browse/subinfo.cfm?sub931
9
7
Life cycle
Eggs
Adult
Larvae
Pupae
Image credit Eggs UGA1220081 Wikipedia
https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana
Larvae Milan Zubrik Bugwood.org 5378110
Bugwood.org Pupae Gyorgy Csoka Bugwood.org
5429227 Adult Milan Zubrik Bugwood.org 5378849
8
Identification
  • Adults
  • Wing span of 9-11mm
  • Bright to pale green forewing
  • Gray hindwing
  • No markings on wings

Image credits On leaf - Gyorgy Csoka Bugwood.org
5429226 Pinned - Milan Zubrik Bugwood.org 5378849

9
Lookalikes - Adults
Green Oak Tortrix
Bicolored Chloraspilates Moth
VS
  • Spots and a pale brown strip on top edge of
    forewing
  • Brown hindwing
  • Faint darker band on hindwing
  • Solid green forewing
  • Gray hindwing
  • No markings

Image credits Green oak tortrix - Milan Zubrik
Bugwood.org 5378849 Chloraspilates Moth Lon
Brehmer and Enriqueta Flores http//bugguide.net/n
ode/view/639353
10
Identification
  • Pupae
  • Roll up leaves using silk
  • Pupate between leaves
  • Pupation lasts 2 to 3 weeks

Image credit Fabio Stergulc Bugwood.org
UGA1297009
11
Identification
  • Larvae
  • 15 to 20 mm long
  • Green to gray body
  • Brown to black head
  • Black legs
  • Hatch in spring

Image credits Gyorgy Csoka Bugwood.org 5429143
12
Identification
  • Eggs
  • Laid in cement like mass
  • Disguised by dust and algae
  • Round
  • 0.7mm wide
  • Begin light yellow, then change to brown

Image credits Eggs UGA1220081 Wikipedia
https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana
13
Monitoring
Delta trap
Moth (funnel) trap
  • Use pheromones for monitoring
  • Delta traps are the most effective
  • Moth traps are best if area is dusty
  • Traps and pheromone lures can be bought online

Image credits Delta trap - USDA APHIS PPQ,
Bugwood.org UGA2652094 Moth/funnel trap USDA
http//www.ars.usda.gov/sp2UserFiles/person/11809/
2014_guerrero_etal_00.pdf 
14
Chemical Control
  • No effective biological controls
  • BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) insecticide control
  • BT was better with pyrethroid or acylurea
    insecticides

Bacillus thuringiensis (BT)
Aerial spray plane
Image credits Bt gram stain - https//en.wikipedi
a.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensis Plane - David
McComb, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org 
UGA1678077 http//www.forestryimages.org/browse/de
tail.cfm?imgnum1678077
15
Suspect Sample Submissions
  • Contact your State Department of Agriculture or
    University Cooperative Extension laboratory
  • http//www.npdn.org/home
  • PPQ form 391, Specimens for Determination
  • https//www.aphis.usda.gov/library/forms/pdf/PPQ_F
    orm_391.pdf

An example of a PPQ form for sample submissions
Image credits https//www.aphis.usda.gov/library/
forms/pdf/PPQ_Form_391.pdf
16
Communications
  • Contact your State Plant Health Director
  • https//www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/planthea
    lth/ppq-program-overview/ct_sphd
  • Contact your State Plant Regulatory Official
  • http//nationalplantboard.org/membership/

Image credits http//www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda
/usdahome http//nationalplantboard.org/
17
Author and Publication Dates
  • Brianna Whitman, B.S.
  • Laboratory Technician, Department of Entomology
    and Nematology, University of Florida
  • Amanda Hodges, Ph.D.
  • Associate Extension Scientist, Department of
    Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida
  • Publication date October 2016

18
Reviewers
  • Catherine A. Marzolf
  • Assistant State Plant Health Director, USDA APHIS
    PPQ

19
Educational Disclaimer and Citation
  • This presentation can be used for educational
    purposes for NON-PROFIT workshops, trainings,
    etc.
  • Citation Whitman, Brianna and Amanda Hodges.
    2016. Green oak tortrix - Tortrix viridana.
  • Accessed (add the date)
  • www.protectingusnow.org

20
Our Partners
  • United States Department of Agriculture, National
    Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA NIFA)
  • United States Department of Agriculture, Animal
    and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant
    Protection and Quarantine (USDA APHIS PPQ)
  • Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS)
    Program
  • National Plant Board (NPB)
  • States Department of Agriculture
  • Extension Disaster Education Network (EDEN)
  • Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
    (Bugwood)
  • National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN)
  • U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
  • U.S. Forest Service (USFS)

21
References
  • 1. Arn, H., E. Priesner, H. Bogenschütz, H. R.
    Buser, D. L. Struble, S. Rauscher, and S.
    Voerman. 2014. Sex Pheromone of Tortrix viridana
    (Z)-11-Teradecenyl Acetate as the Main Component.
    Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. 3412 1281-1284.
  • http//www.degruyter.com/view/j/znc.1979.34.issue-
    12/znc-1979-1237/znc-1979-1237.xml
  • 2. Butterflies and Moths of North America
    collecting and sharing data about Lepidoptera.
    2016. Attributes of Chloraspilates bicoloraria.
    NBII and USGS. Accessed 6/13/16.
  • http//www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Chloras
    pilates-bicoloraria
  • 3. FAO. 2007. Forest Health Biosecurity Working
    Papers, Overview of Forest Pests, Moldova. FAO,
    Rome. Accessed 6/3/16.
  • http//www.fao.org/forestry/12273-0f4aa140d20406aa
    da5e923a94b66f9b2.pdf
  • 4. Gibbs, John. 1999. Dieback of Pedunculate Oak.
    Forestry Commission, Edinburgh. Accessed 6/3/16.
  • http//www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/fcin22.pdf/FILE/fc
    in22.pdf
  • 5. Gillian, Todd M. and Marc E. Epstein. 2014.
    TortAI Tortricids of Agricultural Importance.
    Colorado State University. Accessed 6/3/16.
  • http//idtools.org/id/leps/tortai/Tortrix_viridana
    .htm

22
References
  • 6. Huffaker, C. B., P. S. Messenger. 1976. Theory
    and Practice of Biological Control. Academic
    Press Inc., London, UK.
  • https//books.google.com/books?idGB-bzK3vCPYCpg
    PA327lpgPA327dqtortrixviridanacontrolsource
    blots0d-pHHivJAsigHouunB_4uLgWxg0GJJNvnANZCDY
    hlensaXved0ahUKEwjlvoG8j6jNAhWL1x4KHXI2BkE4C
    hDoAQg8MAYvonepageqtortrix20viridana20contro
    lffalse
  • 7. Kimber, Ian. Green Oak Tortrix Tortrix
    viridana. UKMoths. Accessed 6/1/16.
  • http//ukmoths.org.uk/species/tortrix-viridana
  • 8. Lakatos, Ferenc, and Stefan Mirtchev. 2014.
    Handbook of the Major Forest Pests in Southeast
    Europe. FAO, Pristina. Accessed 6/3/16
  • http//www.fao.org/3/a-i4084e.pdf
  • 9. Meijerman, L., S. A. Ulenberg. Arthropods of
    Economic Importance Eurasian Tortricidae.
    Zoological Museum University of Amsterdam.
    Linnaeus 1758.
  • http//wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/tortricidae.ph
    p?menuentrysoortenid279
  • 10. Novotný, Von J., J. Patocka, I. Hrdý, and J.
    Vrkoc. 1990. Zur Überwachung des grünen
    Eichenwicklers, Tortrix viridana L. (Lep.,
    Tortricidae) mittels synthetischen
    Sexualpheromons. 63 125-129.
  • http//link.springer.com/article/10.10072FBF02033
    947page-1

23
References
  • 11. OPAL Explore Nature. 2016. Oak pests and
    diseases. Big Lottery Fund. Accessed 6/14/16.
  • https//www.opalexplorenature.org/oak-pests-diseas
    es/1
  • 12. Pest Tracker Exotic Pest Reporting. 2016.
    Purdue. Accessed 6/1/16.
  • http//pest.ceris.purdue.edu/pest.php?codeITBUEWA
  • 13. Plantwise Knowledge Bank. 2016. Plantwise
    Technical Factsheet green oak leaf-roller.
    Accessed 6/3/16.
  • http//www.plantwise.org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.a
    spx?dsid54206
  • 14. Rhode Island Department of Environmental
    Management/Division of Agriculture. 2015. Green
    Oak Tortrix Tortrix viridana. USDA. Accessed
    6/1/16.
  • http//www.dem.ri.gov/programs/bnatres/agricult/pd
    f/pests_greenoaktortrixmoth.pdf
  • 15. Russell IPM Integrated Pest Management.
    2016. Agriculture Tortrix viridana. Accessed
    6/6/16.
  • http//new.russellipm-agriculture.com/insect.php?i
    nsect_id126langen
  • 16. Tomescu, Romica, and Constantin Netoiu. 2005.
    Control of the Broad Leaves Main Defoliators in
    Romania in 2005. Forest Research and Management
    Institute.
  • http//bfw.ac.at/400/iufro_workshop/proceedings/26
    3-270_B13_Romica20Tomescu2020Constantin20Neto
    iu_poster.pdf
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