The Self as Part of a Whole - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Self as Part of a Whole

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... animals are minor and can be explained as products of random variation, adaptation, natural selection, and conditioning Arne Naess (b. 1912) (1809-82) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Self as Part of a Whole


1
The Self as Part of a Whole
Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948)
  • Hinduism all individuals are really only
    expressions of one divine, eternal self. We
    cannot really possess anything privately as our
    own, and should affirm the totality of the world
    as our sacred reality
  • Taoism all things express the order and cycle of
    reality. We should embrace the way or harmony of
    nature as our own

2
The Non-Human-Centered Self Deep Ecology
Arne Naess (b. 1912)
  • My true self includes all beings in the world
  • We maximize self-realization by identifying with
    and promoting the welfare of all of nature
  • We should avoid the selfish consumption of
    resources and destruction of natural diversity
    not because such acts are immoral but because
    they inhibit our joyful experience of nature

3
The Self as Evolved AnimalCharles Darwin
(1809-82)
  • Physical similarities between humans and other
    animals indicates our links to them
  • Intellectual and emotional differences between
    humans and other animals are minor and can be
    explained as products of random variation,
    adaptation, natural selection, and conditioning
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