Ankle and Leg Anatomy

1
Ankle and Leg Anatomy
2
Bone Anatomy

• Ankle Mortise
• Talus
• Trochlea
• Anterior surface vs Posterior surface
• Leg
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Remember Foot and Ankle are Interrelated
• Biomechanics of Foot, Ankle and Leg

3
Articulations and Ligament Support

• Talocrural Joint
• Comprised of
• Talus acts as a wedge
• Ligaments of the Lateral Talocrural Joint
• Anterior Talofibular

4
Articulations and Ligament Support

• Talocrural Joint
• Comprised of
• Talus acts as a wedge
• Ligaments of the Lateral Talocrural Joint
• Anterior Talofibular
• Sinus Tarsi

5
Articulations and Ligament Support

• Talocrural Joint
• Comprised of
• Talus acts as a wedge
• Ligaments of the Lateral Talocrural Joint
• Anterior Talofibular
• Sinus Tarsi
• Calcaneofibular
• Posterior Talofibular

6
Articulations and Ligament Support

• Talocrural Joint
• Ligaments of the medial Talocrural Joint
• Deltoid
• Anterior Tibiotalor
• Tibiocalcaneal
• Posterior Tibiotalor
• Tibionavicular

7
Articulations and Ligament Support

• Talocrural Joint
• Ligaments of the medial Talocrural Joint
• Deltoid
• Anterior Tibiotalor
• Tibiocalcaneal
• Posterior Tibiotalor
• Tibionavicular

8
Tibia-Fibula Fixation

• Interosseous Membrane
• Distal Tibiofibular Ligament
• Anterior
• Posterior
• 3 structures stabilize syndesmosis joint
• Biomechanics of Syndesmosis Joint

9
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Anterior Compartment
• Borders
• Lateral Shaft of Tibia
• Medial Shaft of Fibula
• Interosseous membrane

10
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Anterior Compartment
• Structures
• Tibialis Anterior
• Extensor Hallucis Longus
• Extensor Digitorum Longus
• Peroneus Tertius
• Deep Peroneal Nerve
• Anterior Tibial Artery
• Anterior Tibial Vein

11
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Anterior Compartment
• Structures
• Tibialis Anterior
• Extensor Hallucis Longus
• Extensor Digitorum Longus
• Peroneus Tertius
• Deep Peroneal Nerve
• Anterior Tibial Artery
• Anterior Tibial Vein

12
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Lateral Compartment
• Borders
• Lateral Fibula
• Intermuscular fascia between anterior compartment
  and posterior compartment

13
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Lateral Compartment
• Structures
• Peroneus Longus
• Peroneus Brevis
• Superficial Peroneal Nerve
• Peroneal Artery
• Superior and Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum

14
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Lateral Compartment
• Structures
• Peroneus Longus
• Peroneus Brevis
• Superficial Peroneal Nerve
• Peroneal Artery
• Superior and Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum

15
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Lateral Compartment
• Structures
• Peroneus Longus
• Peroneus Brevis
• Superficial Peroneal Nerve
• Peroneal Artery
• Superior and Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum

16
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Superficial Posterior Compartment
• Borders
• Deep posterior compartment
• Fascia

17
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Superficial Posterior Compartment
• Structures
• Soleus
• Gastrocnemius
• Plantaris
• Tibial Nerve
• Posterior Tibial Artery

18
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Superficial Posterior Compartment
• Structures
• Soleus
• Gastrocnemius
• Tibial Nerve
• Posterior Tibial Artery

19
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Borders
• Interosseus Membrane
• Posterior Tibia
• Posterolateral Fibula
• Superficial Posterior Compartment

20
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Structures
• Tom, Dick and Harry
• Tibialis Posterior
• Flexor Digitorum Longus
• Flexor Hallucis Longus
• Tibial Nerve
• Posterior Tibial Artery

21
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle

• Structures
• Tom, Dick and Harry
• Tibialis Posterior
• Flexor Digitorum Longus
• Flexor Hallucis Longus
• Tibial Nerve
• Posterior Tibial Artery

22
Ankle Bursa

• Retrocalcaneal Bursa
• Subcutaneous Calcaneal Bursa