PRESENTATION ON THE DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES AMENDMENT BILL

1
PRESENTATION ON THE DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITIES AND
PRIVILEGES AMENDMENT BILL

• BY SANDEA DE WET
• PRINCIPAL STATE LAW ADVISER (IL)
• 29 AUGUST 2001

2
REASONS FOR AMENDMENT BILL

• PARLIAMENT APPROVED SOUTH AFRICAS ACCESSION TO
  THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTIONS ON PRIVILEGES AND
  IMMUNITIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND SPECIALIZED
  AGENCIES ON 26 AND 27 OF JUNE 2001
• THERE IS A LEGAL OBLIGATION TO INCORPORATE THESE
  PROVISIONS IN SOUTH AFRICAN LEGISLATION

3
REASONS FOR AMENDMENT BILL

• SOUTH AFRICA ACCEDED TO THE VIENNA CONVENTIONS ON
  DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AND ON CONSULAR RELATIONS IN
  1989 WITHOUT ANY RESERVATIONS
• A SELECTIVE INCORPORATION OF VIENNA CONVENTIONS
  ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AND ON CONSULAR RELATIONS
  WAS HOWEVER MADE IN THE ACT
• LEGAL OBLIGATION TO INCORPORATE ALL PROVISIONS OF
  THE VIENNA CONVENTIONS IN SOUTH AFRICAN
  LEGISLATION

4
REASONS FOR AMENDMENT BILL

• APPLICATION OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES TO
  INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS/ SPECIALIZED AGENCIES
  DONE WITHOUT PROPER LEGAL BASIS
• APPLICATION OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES TO
  INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS/ SPECIALIZED AGENCIES
  DONE ON AN AD HOC BASIS WITHOUT EQUALITY IN
  TREATMENT OF THE VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS

5
REASONS FOR AMENDMENT BILL

• INCREASING NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS AND
  CONFERENCES HOSTED BY SOUTH AFRICA
• NO PROVISION IN THE PRESENT ACT FOR THE GRANTING
  OF PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES FOR PURPOSES OF SUCH
  MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES
• EXCESSIVE ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN WHEN GRANTING
  PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES FOR THE PURPOSES OF
  SUCH MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES

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REASONS FOR AMENDMENT BILL

• ACT IS OUTDATED AS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS GREW
  EXTENSIVELY SINCE 1989 WHEN ACT WAS PROMULGATED -
  
• 110 DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS AND 56 CONSULAR OFFICES
  WERE ESTABLISHED
• 18 OFFICES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS/
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES WERE OPENED
• HOSTING OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND MEETINGS
  SUCH AS UNCTAD, NAM, WCAR, WSSD,ETC

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OBJECTIVES OF AMENDMENT BILL

• BRING THE ACT IN LINE WITH SOUTH AFRICAS
  INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS BY -
• INCORPORATING CONVENTIONS ON PRIVILEGES AND
  IMMUNITIES OF UN AND SPECIALIZED AGENCIES IN
  SOUTH AFRICAN LEGISLATION
• INCORPORATING ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THE
  CONVENTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR RELATIONS
  IN SOUTH AFRICAN LEGISLATION

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OBJECTIVES OF AMENDMENT BILL

• BRING THE ACT IN LINE WITH SOUTH AFRICAS
  INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS BY -
• HARMONIZING AD HOC PRACTICES AND EQUALITY IN
  TREATMENT OF THE VARIOUS INTERNATIONAL
  ORGANIZATIONS
• PROVIDING FOR THE GRANTING OF IMMUNITIES AND
  PRIVILEGES WITH REGARD TO INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS
  AND CONFERENCES

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OBJECTIVES OF AMENDMENT BILL

• UPDATE THE ACT BY -
• BRINGING EXISTING PROVISIONS IN LINE WITH
  PROVISIONS IN THE CONVENTIONS
• DELETING DUPLICATIONS
• CORRECTING CONTRADICTIONS
• LESSEN THE ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN

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OVERVIEW OF PROPOSED AMENDMENTS

• ARTICLE 1 - DEFINITIONS
• MEMBER OF A FAMILY
• ORGANIZATION
• SPECIAL ENVOY OR REPRESENTATIVE
• SPECIALIZED AGENCY
• CONVENTIONS
• ACT

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DEFINITIONS

• MEMBER OF FAMILY MEANS -
• THE SPOUSE
• UNMARRIED CHILD UNDER 21
• UNMARRIED CHILD BETWEEN AGES OF 21 AND 23
  UNDERTAKING FULL TIME STUDIES
• OTHER UNMARRIED CHILD OR FAMILY MEMBER OFFICIALLY
  RECOGNIZED BY SENDING STATE AND ISSUED WITH
  DIPLOMATIC /OFFICIAL PASSPORT

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DEFINITIONS

• ORGANIZATIONS MEANS -
• INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION OF WHICH TWO OR
  MORE STATES ARE MEMBERS AND WHICH THE MINISTER
  HAS RECOGNIZED FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE ACT

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DEFINITIONS

• SPECIAL ENVOY/REPRESENTATIVE MEANS -
• PERSON DULY AUTHORIZED BY SENDING STATE
• UNDERTAKING A SPECIAL MISSION/TASK IN SOUTH
  AFRICA
• USUALLY FOR A LIMITED PERIOD

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DEFINITIONS

• THIS ACT INCLUDES-
• THE VIENNA CONVENTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
  AND ON CONSULAR RELATIONS AND
• THE CONVENTIONS ON THE IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES
  OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND SPECIALIZED AGENCIES

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SECTIONS 2, 3 AND 4

• CLEAR DISTINCTION BETWEEN GRANTING OF IMMUNITIES
  AND PRIVILEGES TO -
• DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS AND CONSULAR POSTS
• HEADS OF STATE AND SPECIAL ENVOYS
• UNITED NATIONS, SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND
  ORGANIZATIONS
• INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND MEETINGS

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SECTION 2

• IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS
  AND CONSULAR POSTS AND MEMBERS THEREOF
• VIENNA CONVENTIONS SHALL HAVE THE FORCE AND
  EFFECT OF LAW IN SOUTH AFRICA
• VIENNA CONVENTION ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS APPLY
  TO DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS
• VIENNA CONVENTION ON CONSULAR RELATIONS APPLY TO
  CONSULAR POSTS

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SECTION 3

• IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF HEADS OF STATE AND
  SPECIAL ENVOYS/ REPRESENTATIVES
• IMMUNE FROM CRIMINAL AND CIVIL JURISDICTION OF
  COURTS
• ENJOY SUCH IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES
• IN TERMS OF CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW
• ANY AGREEMENT, OR
• AS THE MINISTER MAY CONFER UPON HIM/HER BY NOTICE
  IN THE GAZETTE

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SECTION 4

• IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF UNITED NATIONS,
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
• CONVENTION ON PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF THE
  UNITED NATIONS SHALL APPLY TO THE UNITED NATIONS
  AND ITS OFFICIALS IN SOUTH AFRICA AND
• SHALL HAVE THE FORCE AND EFFECT OF LAW IN SOUTH
  AFRICA

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SECTION 4

• IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF UNITED NATIONS,
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
• CONVENTION ON PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF THE
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES SHALL APPLY TO THE
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND ITS OFFICIALS IN SOUTH
  AFRICA AND
• SHALL HAVE THE FORCE AND EFFECT OF LAW IN SOUTH
  AFRICA

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SECTION 4

• IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF UNITED NATIONS,
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
• ORGANIZATIONS OTHER THAN UN OR SPECIALIZED
  AGENCIES RECOGNIZED BY THE MINISTER
• ENJOY IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES AS DETERMINED IN
  ANY AGREEMENT OR
• IF IT IS NOT EXPEDIENT TO CONCLUDE AN AGREEMENT
  AS MAY BE DETERMINED BY THE MINISTER AND
  PUBLISHED BY NOTICE IN THE GAZETTE

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SECTION 4

• IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES PERTAINING TO
  INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND MEETINGS -
• FOR DURATION OF CONFERENCE/ MEETINGS
• MINISTER TO RECOGNIZE CONFERENCE/ MEETING
• AS SPECIFIED IN THE UN CONVENTION AND THE
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES CONVENTION, OR
• PROVIDED FOR IN ANY AGREEMENT
• CONFERRED BY THE MINISTER BY NOTICE IN THE
  GAZETTE

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SECTION 5

• ANY AGREEMENT CONFERRING IMMUNITIES AND
  PRIVILEGES SHALL BE PUBLISHED BY NOTICE IN THE
  GAZETTE
• IF NOT EXPEDIENT TO CONCLUDE AN AGREEMENT THE
  MINISTER MAY CONFER IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES AS
  MAY BE SPECIFIED IN A NOTICE IN THE GAZETTE

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REMAINING SECTIONS

• PURPOSE OF AMENDMENTS REFLECTED IN REMAINING
  SECTIONS-
• TO BRING THE SECTIONS IN LINE WITH PROVISIONS OF
  THE CONVENTIONS
• TO DELETE ANY DUPLICATIONS
• TO CORRECT ANY CONTRADICTIONS
• TO LESSEN THE ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN

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SECTION 6

• REPEAL SECTION 5 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  PUBLICATION OF AGREEMENTS
• THE BILL NOW GIVES FORCE AND EFFECT TO THE
  CONVENTIONS
• NOT NECESSARY TO GIVE FORCE AND EFFECT BY
  PROCLAMATION
• PUBLICATION IN A NOTICE FOR INFORMATION PURPOSES
  IS PROVIDED FOR

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SECTION 7

• REPEAL SECTION 6 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON THE
  NON-APPLICATION OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES
• DUPLICATES ARTICLE 34 OF THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON
  DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
• DIFFERENT PROVISIONS APPLY TO MISSIONS AND
  INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN TERMS OF THE
  RESPECTIVE CONVENTIONS
• PROVIDE FOR WAIVER OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES
  TO BE DONE EXPRESSLY AND IN WRITING

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SECTION 8

• AMEND SECTION 7 OF PRINCIPAL ACT ON THE REGISTER
  OF PERSONS ENTITLED TO IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES
  TO PROVIDE FOR THE INCLUSION OF PERSONS ENJOYING
  IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES IN ACCORDANCE WITH
• THE UN CONVENTION AND
• THE CONVENTION ON SPECIALIZED AGENCIES

27
SECTION 9

• REPEAL SECTIONS 8 AND 9 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT.
  SECTION 8 ON EXEMPTION FROM TAXATION
• DUPLICATES ARTICLE 34 OF THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON
  DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
• DIFFERENT PROVISIONS APPLY TO MISSIONS AND
  INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN TERMS OF THE
  RESPECTIVE CONVENTIONS
• PROVISION OF RECIPROCITY NON APPLICABLE TO
  INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

28
SECTION 9

• REPEAL SECTION 9 OF PRINCIPAL ACT ON EXEMPTION OF
  GOVERNMENTS, ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS IN
  RESPECT OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY
• NO NEED FOR PROVISION
• PRINCIPLE OF EQUITY IN TREATMENT AND NOT
  RECIPROCITY APPLICABLE
• PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTIONS APPLY

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SECTION 10

• AMENDMENT OF SECTION 11 OF PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  ADJUSTMENT OF LOSS OF REVENUE TO LOCAL
  AUTHORITIES AND STATUTORY PUBLIC UTILITY
  ORGANIZATIONS
• INCIDENTAL AMENDMENT TO DEAL WITH THE REPEAL OF
  SECTIONS 8 AND 9 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT

30
SECTION 11

• SECTION 12 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON THE
  RECOGNITION OF CERTAIN BUILDINGS IS REPEALED
• DISCRETION NEVER EXERCISED UNDER THIS PROVISION
• NOT NECESSARY TO HAVE THIS PROVISION
• COSTLY TO IMPLEMENT

31
SECTION 12

• AMENDMENT OF SECTION 14 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  ACQUISITION, CONSTRUCTION, RELOCATION,
  RENOVATION, REPLACEMENT, EXTENSION OR LEASE OF
  IMMOVABLE PROPERTY IN THE REPUBLIC
• TO INCLUDE UNITED NATIONS, SPECIALIZED AGENCIES
  AND ORGANIZATIONS
• TO ADD THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE PROPERTY HAS BEEN
  RECOGNIZED FOR THE USE OF EMBASSIES,
  CHANCELLERIES, OFFICES

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SECTION 13

• SECTION 15 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON LIABILITY
  INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS
• INCIDENTAL AMENDMENT TO INCLUDE ALL PERSONS WHO
  ENJOY IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES UNDER THE ACT

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SECTION 14

• REPEAL OF SECTION 16 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  APPLICATION OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES TO AND
  CONFERMENT THEREOF UPON SOUTH AFRICAN CITIZENS OR
  PERMANENT RESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC-
• PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTIONS APPLY
• SOUTH AFRICAN CITIZENS WHO ARE OFFICIALS SHALL
  ENJOY FUNCTIONAL IMMUNITIES (ARTICLE 38 OF VIENNA
  CONVENTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AND ARTICLE
  71 OF CONSULAR RELATIONS, ARTICLE V OF UN
  CONVENTION AND ARTICLE VI OF SPECIALIZED AGENCIES
  CONVENTION

34
SECTION 14

• REPEAL OF SECTION 16 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  APPLICATION OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES TO AND
  CONFERMENT THEREOF UPON SOUTH AFRICAN CITIZENS OR
  PERMANENT RESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC-
• OFFICIALS ARE EXEMPTED FROM TAXATION ON SALARIES
  PAID BY THE UNITED NATIONS/SPECIALIZED AGENCIES
  (ARTICLE V OF UN CONVENTION AND ARTICLE VI OF
  SPECIALIZED AGENCIES CONVENTION
• SOUTH AFRICA RECEIVES AN EQUIVALENT AMOUNT TO THE
  TAX EXEMPTION BACK IN THE FORM OF A DEDUCTION
  FROM ITS MEMBERSHIP DUES PAYABLE TO THE UNITED
  NATIONS

35
SECTION 14

• REPEAL OF SECTION 16 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  APPLICATION OF IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES TO AND
  CONFERMENT THEREOF UPON SOUTH AFRICAN CITIZENS OR
  PERMANENT RESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC-
• OFFICIAL MEANS MEMBERS OF THE UN STAFF, BUT
  NOT THOSE WHO ARE RECRUITED LOCALLY ( GENERAL
  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION 76(1) OF 1946

36
SECTION 14

• REPEAL SECTION 17 OF PRINCIPAL ACT ON LEGAL
  PERSONALITY OF CERTAIN ORGANIZATIONS AND
  INSTITUTIONS
• PROVISION IS NOW REFLECTED IN SECTION 3A (3)

37
SECTION 15

• SUBSTITUTE SECTION 19 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT ON
  OFFENCES AND PENALTIES BY A NEW SECTION 19 THAT
  INCLUDES ALL THE CONVENTIONS
• TO DELETE THE SPECIFIC FINE IN ORDER FOR THE
  PROVISIONS OF THE ADJUSTMENT OF FINES ACT OF 1991
  TO BE APPLICABLE

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SECTION 16

• SUBSTITUTE SCHEDULE 1 OF PRINCIPAL ACT WITH THE
  FULL TEXT OF THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON DIPLOMATIC
  RELATIONS OF 1961

39
SECTION 16

• ARTICLES 2 - 21 WERE ADDED
• establishment of diplomatic relations
• functions of diplomatic missions
• obtaining an agrement from receiving state
• multiple accreditation
• head of mission accredited to more than one state
• appoint members of staff freely

40
SECTION 16

• ARTICLES 2 - 21 WERE ADDED
• members of staff from nationality of sending
  state nationals only appointed with approval
• declaration of persona non grata
• notification of appointment of staff
• size of the mission kept within limits
• establishment of offices in localities other than
  those in which the missions are

41
SECTION 16

• ARTICLES 2 - 21 WERE ADDED
• presentation of credentials
• classes of heads of missions
• class to which a head of mission is to be
  assigned to be agreed between states
• precedence of heads of missions to be notified to
  the Ministry
• reception of heads of missions to be uniform

42
SECTION 16

• ARTICLES 2 - 21 WERE ADDED
• vacancy of post of heads of mission - charge
  daffaires ad interim
• right to use the flag and emblem
• facilitation of acquisition of accommodation for
  offices

43
SECTION 16

• ADD ARTICLES 25, 26, 42 - 53
• accord facilities for performance of functions
• subject to laws and regulations, freedom of
  movement and travel in territory
• prohibition to work for personal profit
• ending of functions of diplomat
• evacuation assistance in cases of armed conflict
• suspension of diplomatic relations

44
SECTION 16

• ADD ARTICLES 25, 26, 42 - 53
• temporary protection of interest of third state
  by sending state with the approval of receiving
  state
• no discrimination in treatment of missions
• end clauses
• signature, ratification, accession and entry
  into force

45
SECTION 17

• SUBSTITUTE SCHEDULE 2 OF THE PRINCIPAL ACT WITH
  THE FULL TEXT OF THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON
  CONSULAR RELATIONS OF 1963

46
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 2,3, 4, 6-16
• exercise of consular functions
• establishment of consular post
• consular functions
• exercise consular functions outside district
• exercise consular functions in a third state
• exercise consular functions on behalf of third
  state

47
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 2,3, 4, 6-16
• classes of heads of consular posts
• appointment and admission of heads of consular
  posts
• consular commission or notification of
  appointment
• the exequatur
• provisional admission

48
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 2,3, 4, 6 - 16,18-30
• notification to authorities of appointments
• exercise of functions in case of vacancy,etc
• precedence between heads of consular posts
• appointment of same person by more than one
  states
• appointment of members of consular staff
• size of consular staff

49
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 21-30
• precedence between officers of consular posts
• nationality of consular officials
• declaration of persona non grata
• notification of appointments, arrivals, etc
• termination of functions of member of post
• evacuation assistance
• suspension of consular relations/closure

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SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 21-30, 34, 36-38
• facilities for work of consular post
• use of flag and coat-of-arms
• facilitate acquisition of accommodation
• freedom of movement
• contact with nationals of sending state
• information in cases of deaths, guardianship,etc
• communication with authorities

51
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 40, 42, 46, 47,59
• protection of consular officials
• notification of arrest, detention or prosecution
• exemption from registration of aliens and
  residence permits
• exemption from work permits
• protection of consular premises (honorary
  consuls)

52
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 63- 65, 68,69
• criminal proceedings against honorary consul
• protection of honorary consular officers
• exemption from registration of aliens and
  residence permits
• appointment and receiving of honorary consuls
  optional
• consular agents not heads of consular posts

53
SECTION 17

• ADD ARTICLES 72-79
• non-discrimination between states
• relationship with other conventions
• final provisions
• signature, ratification, accession, entry into
  force, etc

54
SECTIONS 18 AND 19

• INSERTION OF SCHEDULES 2A AND 2B REFLECTING THE
  FULL TEXT OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PRIVILEGES AND
  IMMUNITIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS OF 1946 AND OF
  THE CONVENTION ON THE PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES
  OF THE SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF 1947

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IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF UN AND SPECIALIZED
AGENCIES

• Legal capacity to contract in South Africa
• Property and assets immune from legal process
• Property and assets are inviolable
• Exemption from direct taxes, customs duties and
  prohibitions on imports and exports
• Freedom of communication including the sending
  and receiving of communications

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IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF REPRESENTATIVES OF
MEMBER STATES

• Immunity from arrest or detention
• Immunity from all legal process in respect of all
  official acts and words spoken or written
• Immunity from seizure of their personal baggage
• Inviolability of papers and documents
• Facilities in respect of currency and exchange
  regulations that are accorded to diplomats
• Other immunities that are accorded to diplomats
  but no exemption from customs duties or sales tax

57
IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF REPRESENTATIVES OF
MEMBER STATES

• Member States have a duty to waive the immunity
  where this would impede the course of justice
• Immunities do not apply to representatives of a
  Member State in their home States

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IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF OFFICIALS OF THE
ORGANISATIONS

• Immunity from all legal process in respect of all
  official acts and words spoken or written
• Tax exemptions in respect of their salaries
• Facilities in respect of currency and exchange
  regulations that are accorded to diplomats
• The same repatriation facilities in a time of
  crises that are accorded to diplomats
• Customs exemption for the importation of
  household effects on first arrival

59
IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF OFFICIALS OF THE
ORGANISATIONS

• The Secretary General and Assistant Secretaries
  General and their families will be accorded full
  diplomatic immunities and privileges
• The Secretary General has a duty to waive the
  immunity where this would impede the course of
  justice

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IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF EXPERTS OF THE
ORGANISATIONS

• Immunity from arrest or detention
• Immunity from all legal process in respect of all
  official acts and words spoken or written
• Immunity from seizure of their personal baggage
• Inviolability of papers and documents
• Freedom to send and receive communications
• Facilities in respect of currency and exchange
  regulations that are accorded to diplomats

61
IMMUNITIES AND PRIVILEGES OF EXPERTS OF THE
ORGANISATIONS

• The Secretary General has a duty to waive the
  immunity where this would impede the course of
  justice

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

• UN LAISSEZ PASSER (UNLP)
• Recognition as travel document
• Expeditious issuing of visas to holders