SENTENCE DIAGRAMMING

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SENTENCE DIAGRAMMING

• English 1

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Sentence Diagramming

• Reed-Kellogg Method
• Based on word relationships
• Uses the logic of the sentence instead of the
  physical order of the words

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Basics

• First, we establish the base subject/verb
  relationship in the sentence. All diagrams start
  with this.
• Example It rained.

It
rained
subject
predicate
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Basics

• The verb phrase contains the complete tense of
  the verb.
• It is raining.
• Contractions will also appear in the diagram.
  For example
• Its raining.

It
is raining
s raining
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Direct Objects

• As part of the predicate, separate this from the
  verb phrase using a vertical line that ascends
  from the base line.
• Alice crafts dolls.

Direct Object
Alice
crafts
dolls
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Noun Predicates and Adjectives

• Instead of a vertical line, a left-slanting
  diagonal ascending line is used.
• Suika is drunk.
• Marisa is a witch.
• .

Suika
is
drunk
Marisa
is
witch
a
Note that this is only applied to adjectives that
are used to complement the predicates verb
phrase.
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Adjectives, Adverbs and other Modifiers

• Earlier we had this example
• Marisa is a witch.
• We use these to show which words modify which in
  the sentence. Adverbs, adjectives, determiners
  (the) are attached to the words they modify.
• .

Marisa
is
witch
a
Note the descending diagonal line with a.
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Adjectives, Adverbs and other Modifiers

• Suika is very drunk.

Suika
is
drunk
very
very in this case is an adverb that modifies
the adjective drunk.
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Adjectives, Adverbs and other Modifiers

• Alice stayed awake until midnight cramming.

Alice
stayed
awake
midnight
until
cramming
Participles like this modify the noun.
Participles are differentiated from adjectives by
the L-shaped symbol.
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Adjectives, Adverbs and other Modifiers

• Marisa stealthily stole Patchys precious books.

Marisa
stole
books
precious
Patchys
stealthily
All of the modifiers appear below the words they
are modifying.
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Adjectives, Adverbs and other Modifiers

• Sakuya eventually replaced her old, outdated
  costume.

Sakuya
replaced
costume
old
her
eventually
outdated
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Noun Predicates, Predicate Adjectives, and Direct
Objects

• Everyone considers Cirno a complete idiot.

Everyone
Cirno
idiot
considers
a
complete
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Prepositions

• Patchy is practicing magic at the library.

Patchy
is practicing
magic
at
library
the
Prepositions are shown by adding a descending
diagonal line with the preposition written on it
leading to a horizontal line that indicates the
complement.
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Compound Subjects

• Remilia and Sakuya are picking flowers at the
  mansions conservatory.
  

Remilia
are picking
flowers
and
at
Sakuya
conservatory
Compound subjects are indicated by branches
connected by a dotted line. The dotted line
indicates the conjunction.
the
mansions
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Compound Subjects

• Remilia and Sakuya are picking flowers at the
  mansions conservatory.
  

Remilia
are picking
flowers
and
at
Sakuya
conservatory
Compound subjects are indicated by branches
connected by a dotted line. The dotted line
indicates the conjunction.
the
mansions
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Coordination and Subordination

• Utsuho is going on a rampage again, so Marisa
  must stop her immediately.

Utsuho
is going
Both coordination and subordination have the
component clauses diagrammed separately. The
verbs of the two diagrams are then linked by a
vertical dotted line that indicates either the
coordinating or subordinating conjunction.
rampage
on
again
a
so
Marisa
must stop
her
immediately
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Relative Clauses

• Youmu, who is Princess Yuyukos gardener, is also
  an accomplished swordfighter.

Relative clauses modify words in a sentence by
adding additional information. They usually start
with who, whom, where, etc.
Youmu
is
swordfighter
an
also
accomplished
The dotted line attaches the relative pronoun
who to its antecedent Youmu.
A relative clause is diagrammed like this. Since
it is a clause, it also has an SV relationship
and is diagrammed with the base cross.
who
is
gardener
Note the branching modifiers. Princess modifies
Yuyukos modifies gardener.
Yuyukos
Princess
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Extreme Example

• The immortal vampire girl who lives in the dark,
  creepy mansion drinks her victims blood and
  enjoys it immensely.

girl
drinks
blood
the
vampire
victims
immortal
her
who
lives
and
in
mansion
the
creepy
dark
she
enjoys
it
immensely
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Overkill Example (Try it Out!)

• The defenders of Gensokyo, who are
  incredibly-skilled warriors, are fighting
  tirelessly to protect the realm from invaders who
  wish to take their beloved land, but the
  mysterious enemy who is coming might be too
  strong for them to defeat.

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Corrections

• The original Suika is roaring drunk sentence
  has been replaced with Suika is very drunk.
  Roaring is a participle and must be diagrammed
  with the L-symbol.
• Misplaced branches have been corrected.
• Slide on Relative Clauses added.
• Slide on uber diagram added.

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Title

• Composed and animated by JRR Flores
• All characters are from the Touhou series of
  video games. http//touhou.wikia.com
• All Touhou characters are property of Shanghai
  Alice Gengakudan.
• ???????????????????????
• References
• Cobuild English Grammar (Harper-Collins)
• E360K English Grammar Diagrams
• http//www.utexas.edu/courses/langling/e360k/hando
  uts/diagrams/index.html