PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT IN NEPAL In View of Code of Conduct

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PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT IN NEPALIn View of Code of
Conduct
- Mr. B.R. PalikhePesticide Registrar
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Introduction

• Pesticide Act, 1991
• Pesticide Rules,1993
• Act established a PR and MD and
• Pesticide Committee.

Pest and Pesticide Management

• Tenth Five-year plan recognized the need for IPM
  and declared as a national pest control strategy
• APP recognized IPM as one of the priority agenda
  for sustainable agriculture
• Implementing IPM programs through IPM FFS
• Replicated in other crops such as vegetables and
  coffee
• Reduction of pesticide use and
• Integrating HIV/AIDS in FFS approach.

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Constraints to IPM

• Gender sensitivity
• Insensitive and aggressive marketing strategies
  to sell their products
• False advertisement/control of advertisements
• The 3Rs problem (Resistance, Release secondary
  pests outbreaks and Resurgence-Rising again
  primary pests)
• Illegal trans-boundary movement and
• Unaware of PIC, POPs and PTS chemicals.

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Solution to the Problem

• Available alternatives
• Farmers education and technological development
  to adopt IPM
• Capacity building and public awareness on issues
  relating to pesticide use
• Promotion of IPM and IVM
• Truth in advertising and
• Stronger enforcement.

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Health and Environment Information

• Pesticide residue program
• Pesticides used for fishing in rivers, streams
  and ponds
• Accidental (660) 31.69
• Suicidal (1368) 65.67 and
• Occupational (15)- 0.72.

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Trends in Pesticide Use and Trade

• 38 importers
• Some 3450 resellers received training on safe use
  of pesticides and storage management
• Of which 2543 were licensed
• About 71 types of pesticides by common name
  registered
• Annual import of pesticides 177 tons (a.i.)
• Current annual use 142 tons (a.i.) and
• Gross sales and valued as US 2.1 million/y.

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Government Policies and Programs on Pesticide

• Persistent chemical pesticides banned for
  agriculture and public health from April 2001
• Prohibition on the use of Quinalphos,Ethion,Monocr
  otophos and Phorate in the tea field
• Reviewing to phase out Methyl parathion and
  Monocrotophos
• Promotion of IPM and environment friendly or
  safer pesticides
• Provide targeted training programs/courses in
  chemical safety and risk management
• Monitoring and surveillance programs
• Review of legislation and
• Prevent illegal trans boundary movement of
  chemicals.

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Pesticide Stockpiles

• About 75 tons of obsolete pesticides and
• Ongoing POPs Enabling Activities Project.

• Alternate Chemicals/Alternative Technologies
  Monitoring capacity

• Environment-International Agreements
  Identification of needs at local level Update
  Stockpile of obsolete pesticides Filling of
  Pesticide Exposure Records(PERs

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Gaps

• Limited data on environmental levels
• No apparently monitoring system due to
  non-availability of infrastructures and relevant
  technical manpower
• No organized national surveys repeatedly
  conducted
• A valid comparison of data cannot be made and
• Biological screening for integrated approach in
  crop protection.

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Conclusion and Recommendations

• Removing subsidies on the least desirable
  pesticides
• Removing taxes from IPM products
• Encourage and promote the development of
  indigenous technology and traditional method
• Requires effective registration, licensing and
  quality control
• Develop chemical safety programs- risk management
  strategies
• Set up of a central authority for chemical safety
  management of toxic chemicals and
• Implementing Code of Conduct, PIC and others
  international procedures/agreements.

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THANK YOU