The Concept of Office Automation

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Chapter 1

• The Concept of Office Automation

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What is exactly Office Automation?
Office automation includes a number of systems
and technologies that assist workers in carrying
out their functions in a business environment
(Arthur D.Little)
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Involving the interaction of people in offices
systems and technologies to meet their
organizations goals
Executives, managers, professionals, technicians,
secretaries, and clerks
People
Any office in the organization, Ex. Hotel,
Airline, Home
Environment
Computers, Printers, Scanners, Copiers, Facsimile
Equipment
Data processing, word processing, e-filing,
presentation, and etc.
System and Technologies
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Forces of Change

• Impact of the information age
• More people worked with information than with
  produced goods.
• Workers have been changed to be knowledge
  workers which depend on the manipulation of
  information.
• Therefore NEED Office Automation

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Forces of Change (cont.)

• Socioeconomic Developments
• Womens liberation movement cause the shortage of
  qualified office workers
• Attempting to eliminate the amount of paperwork
  (caused information overload)
• Economic crisis, business organization was
  downsizing
• Organization try to increase worker productivity
  and survive in global competitiveness

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A Chronology of OA

• The evolution of OA can be traced by observing
  the development of technologies from office,
  computer, communication, and consumer electronic
  industries.

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Office Technology

• Prepare documents by Handwriting
• Move to typewriter
• Microcomputer with word processing and magnetic
  media (Tape/Disk) came to more effectively
  produce the documents.

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Computer Technology

• First , computer had been used for academic
  research and military defense purpose.
• Later, it had been used for doing business.
• Nowadays, for business operations which require
  rapid, repetitive calculations, routine tasks,
  efficient communication and etc.

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Communication Technology

• Communication involves the process of
  transmitting information.

Telegraph and Telephone
Photographs and drawing transmitted by facsimile

• Were critical to the development of OA.
• Networking became the advancement in office
  environment. Message can be transmitted through
  copper wires, fiber optic cable, satellites or
  others

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Consumer Electronics

• The enhancement technologies such as office,
  computer, communication, and consumer electronics
  industries had effected to OA.

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Productivity paradox

• The office productivity problem is that workers
  earn more each year while producing less.
• (Paradox is something that appears unbelievable
  or contradictory but is true)

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The organizational status of OA
Stand-alone system
Organizations overall information systems
function
OA has been believed to confront with
productivity paradox
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Try to do this exercise

• What are the benefits and problems if you try to
  use OA in your business