Tsunami Standard Operating Procedures SOP

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Tsunami Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)

• Brian Yanagi
• Disaster Management Specialist
• International Tsunami Information Centre

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Overview

• The success of any tsunami early warning system
  will be measured by its ability to rapidly move
  people out of harms way.
• Emergency Managers, mostly at the local level,
  are responsible for developing Standard Operating
  Procedures (SOP) for different types of tsunami
  bulletins.
• Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) will help
  communicate warning messages quickly to the
  public.
• Strong understanding of the various types of
  tsunami bulletins ensures that Tsunami Warning
  Center bulletin information is directly linked to
  SOP.

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Overview

• Once a Tsunami Bulletin is issued, actions
  (evacuate designated coastlines do not evacuate)
  need to reach people rapidly.
• Highly efficient notification and alert systems
  that use multiple communication channels ranging
  from the mass media sirens to police patrols
  have been developed by coastal communities
  exposed to earthquakes and tsunamis.

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Alerting the Public How?

• The key is to educate and communicate a warning
  message to people on the coast to move inland to
  higher ground to escape the destructive waves.
  Also consider vertical evacuation in reinforced
  concrete buildings.
• All organizations need to develop Standard
  Operating Procedures and multiple communication
  methods for alerting the public, using high and
  low technology such from satellite broadcasts to
  police loudspeakers to communicate the alert.
• Special Case Local Tsunami. First Line of
  Defense - Public awareness and education will
  save people near earthquake epicenter.

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Examples of Notification Systems

• Use of Mass Media (Radio, Television)
• Siren Towers
• First Responders (i.e. Police, Fire, Lifeguards)
• Public Loudspeakers (Mosques)
• SMS Text Messaging Telephone Companies
• Emergency Telephone Call Lists (public and
  private sectors)
• Amateur Radio Amateur Radio Organizations
• Military Resources / Helicopters and Aircraft
• RANET USAID / US National Weather Service

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When can the Public Return?
All Clear

• Once the public has evacuated a coastline, local
  public officials must also inform everyone when
  it is safe to return to coastlines by
  broadcasting an All Clear.
• If a coastal area has received little or no
  damage, a tsunami All Clear can be broadcast
  after a Final Tsunami Bulletin has been issued.
• However, if an area has been severely damaged by
  a tsunami, it can be many hours or days before a
  community is allowed back to the coastlines.
  Debris make the roads impassable, gas and
  electric lines may be down, and search and rescue
  operations may be carried out.

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IOC - International Tsunami Information Centre
(ITIC)

• Will provide training expertise in developing
  Indonesian SOPs.
• Will assist in developing Drill Manual.