brutalism

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brutalism
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• Brutalism as an architectural philosophy.
• Honesty in the materials.
• A socialist utopian ideology, supported by its
  designers.
• Intends to be integrating and protective.
• The failure of positive communities to form early
  on in some Brutalist structures, possibly due to
  the larger processes of urban decay that set in
  after World War II (especially in the United
  Kingdom), led to the combined unpopularity of
  both the ideology and the architectural style.

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Brutalist buildings usually are formed with
striking repetitive angular geometries, and
where concrete is used, often revealing the
texture of the wooden forms used for the in-situ
casting. Although concrete is the material most
widely associated with Brutalist architecture,
not all Brutalist buildings are formed from
concrete. Instead, a building may achieve its
Brutalist quality through a rough, blocky
appearance, and the expression of its structural
materials, forms, and (in some cases) services on
its exterior
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Louis I. Khan

• Louis Isadore Kahn (1902 1974). After working in
  various capacities for several companies in
  Philadelphia, he founded his own atelier in 1935.
  His private practice, he served as a design
  critic and professor of architecture at Yale
  School of Architecture from 1947 to 1957. From
  1957 until his death he was a professor of
  architecture at the School of Design at the
  University of Pennsylvania.
• Influenced by ancient ruins
• monumental and monolithic
• his heavy buildings don't hide their weight
• their materials, or the way they are assembled

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• Buildings with strong and expressive

• Building must be what it want to be.

• Structural and plastic possibilities of
  reinforced concrete

• Conflict between physical presence and light.
• Reestablishes LIGHT as an architectural function.
• New image of open space, sculpted with light,

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Jonas Salk Institute, USA Louis Kahn 1965
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...as an eloquent composition that is spatially
and symbolically incomplete, with its two richly
rhythmical buildings...which define a powerful
axis that is open at each end and that
constitutes thereby a significant gesture within
an American landscape. The composition of this
common space...is perceptually, physically,
poignantly American as it frames the sea and the
land where the old western frontier ends and the
new eastern frontier begins.
"A Protest Concerning the Extension of the Salk
Center," in Robert Venturis Iconography and
Electronics Upon a Generic Architecture A View
from the Drafting Room (Cambridge MIT Press,
1996)
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Richards Medical Research Building, USA Louis
Kahn
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Philharmonie Berlin Hans Scharoun
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Brutalist buildings usually are formed with
striking repetitive angular geometries, and where
concrete is used, often revealing the texture of
the wooden forms used for the in-situ casting.
Although concrete is the material most widely
associated with Brutalist architecture, not all
Brutalist buildings are formed from concrete.
Instead, a building may achieve its Brutalist
quality through a rough, blocky appearance, and
the expression of its structural materials,
forms, and (in some cases) services on its
exterior
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end
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