PRODUCT MODELLING

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PRODUCT MODELLING
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REFERENCES
Eastman C (1999). Building Product Models, CRC
Press, Boca Raton Smithers T (1989).
AI-based design versus geometry-based
design or Why design cannot be supported by
geometry alone, Computer-Aided Design,
21289-292 Björk B-C (1991). Intelligent
front-ends and product models, Artificial
Intelligence in Engineering, 646-56 Satzinger
J W and Orvik T U (2001). The Object-Oriented
Approach Concepts, System Development and
Modeling with UML, Course Technology,
Boston, MA
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WHAT IS A PRODUCT?
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WHAT IS A PRODUCT MODEL?

• can be implemented in many ways
• e.g. ASCII file, database

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WHAT IS A PRODUCT MODEL? (cont.)
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WHY PRODUCT MODELLING?

• information manually interpreted

• cannot be used directly by applications
• need to move to an electronic representation

• large projects - many disciplines

• across processes - CAD / CAM

• communication of information

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APPLICATIONS REQUIRING PRODUCT MODELS

• checking that design complies,
• e.g. code checking

• performance analyses
• e.g. spatial, lighting, structural, etc

• performance specification e.g. from Web

• performance specification

• relating decisions to performance requirements

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USERS
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PRODUCT LIFE-CYCLE
automatic detailing / fabrication / monitoring
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PRODUCT LIFE-CYCLE (cont.)

• preparation required from one application to
  another

• manual entry

• even when exists electronically - transfer problem

• problem of data exchange and interpretation

• automatic transfer from one application to another

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STANDARDIZATION EFFORTS

• developing and standardizing a representation

• STandard for the Exchange of Product model data

• International Alliance for Interoperability

• industry consortium - major CAD vendors
• http//www.iai-international.org

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EVOLUTION OF CAD

• geometric editor

• environment for discipline-specific applications

• domain-specific applications using a central
  model

• originally replaced 2-D draughting

• late 1970s - 3-D wireframe

• surface modelling allowed shading etc

• Boolean operations - 3-D solid modelling

• parametric modelling

• geometry only one of many attributes of a product

• material, performance, relations

• integration of graphic non-graphic

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EVOLUTION OF CAD (cont.)

• geometric editor has no knowledge beyond geometry

• incorporation of knowledge allows for rules

• today trying to support object-oriented
  development
• ArchiCAD, AutoDesk

• dominant use still as graphics editor - AEC

• trying to advance to another level

• based on 3-D, solid modelling O-O languages,
• databases, effective graphical interfaces and
  
• web-based communications

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THE CHALLENGE

• challenge is focus of product modelling

• will allow virtual modelling, rapid
  walk-throughs,
• CAM, automated construction

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MODELLING CONCEPTS

• development of languages for dealing with
• data, information knowledge

• for representing, storing manipulating data

• representing and manipulating knowledge

• representing and manipulating objects

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PRODUCT MODEL EXAMPLE
ltweb sitegt ltnamegt Faculty of Architecture
lt/namegt ltfunctiongt inform students and staff
lt/functiongt ltfunctiongt promote Faculty
lt/functiongt ltbehaviourgt navigability
lt/behaviourgt ltvaluegt moderate
lt/valuegt ltbehaviourgt speed of access
lt/behaviourgt ltvaluegt acceptable
lt/valuegt ltbehaviourgt aesthetics lt/behaviourgt
ltvaluegt average lt/valuegt
ltstructuregt ltcomponent_ofgt University of
Sydney web sitelt/component_ofgt
ltcomponentsgt ltcomponentgt Faculty
home page lt/componentgt ltcomponentgt
news current events page lt/componentgt
. lt/componentsgt lt/structuregt lt/web
sitegt
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PRODUCT MODEL EXAMPLE
ltweb pagegt ltnamegt Faculty of Architecture
home page lt/namegt ltfunctiongt inform
lt/functiongt ltfunctiongt promote Faculty
lt/functiongt ltfunctiongt provide links
lt/functiongt ltbehaviourgt navigability
lt/behaviourgt ltvaluegt medium lt/valuegt
ltbehaviourgt speed of access lt/behaviourgt ltvaluegt
acceptable lt/valuegt ltbehaviourgt aesthetics
lt/behaviourgt ltvaluegt average lt/valuegt ..

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PRODUCT MODEL EXAMPLE
ltstructuregt ltcomponent_ofgt Faculty
of Architecture web site lt/component_ofgt
ltcomponentsgt ltcomponentgt type
graphic element ltnamegt banner
lt/namegt ltcolourgt green lt/colourgt
ltsizegt lt/sizegt
ltlocationgt . lt/locationgt
lt/componentgt
ltcomponentgt type text element
ltnamegt Faculty of Architecture lt/namegt
ltlocationgt lt/locationgt
lt/componentgt ltcomponentgt type link
element ltnamegt uni crest
lt/namegt ltlocationgt lt/locationgt
lt/componentgt lt/componentsgt
lt/structuregt lt/web pagegt
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