Social Work Practice Settings individuals, families, groups, community

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Social Work PracticeSettingsindividuals,
families, groups, community

• Chapter 5

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Social Service Agencies

• Public social agencies are ran by the gov
• Regulated by laws impacting policy
• Ex. VA, prisons, CPS
• Private social agencies (not employed by gov)
• Nonprofit social agency
• Proprietary (or for profit) social agencies
• Purchase-of-service contract

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Social work in Communities

• Locality- based on geographic proximity
• Non geographic communities-based on some
  commonality other than location
• Ex. NASW

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Social Work in Rural Communities

• Lack of public transportation
• Lack of healthcare providers
• Lack of jobs
• Services may be unavailable due to cost of
  delivering services due to spread of rural
  communities
• Ex. Meals on wheels may be too expensive

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Urban Social Work

• Poverty, discrimination, overcrowded housing,
  crime/violence, homelessness, etc. occur in
  greater frequency in cities
• Discrimination increases due to a greater
  diversity in population
• Migration of those unprepared
• Economic/availability of resources
• Psychological stress

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Group Work

• An orientation and method of social work
  intervention in which small numbers of people who
  share similar interests or common problems
  convene regularly and engage in activities
  designed to achieve certain objectives.

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Group Work

• The individual remains the focus of concern, and
  the group the vehicle of growth and change.
• Goal development of effective skills in
  communication, coping skills, and effective
  problem-solving techniques.

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Types of Treatment Groups

• Educational Groups
• May look like a classroom, but emphasizes group
  task assignments and opportunities for
  interaction and idea exchanges.
• Leader is a professional with training and
  expertise in the
  topic area.

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Treatment Groups

• Growth Groups
• Socialization Groups
• Seek to stimulate behavior change, increase
  social skills and self-confidence, and encourage
  motivation.

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Treatment Groups

• Support/Self-Help Groups
• Emphasize mutual aid and interdependence,
  personal involvement, face-to-face interaction,
  and an active role in responding to the needs of
  other group members.
• Self-led dont use professionals as leaders.
• Therapeutic Groups
• Require skilled professional leadership.
• Group members typically have intensive personal
  or emotional problems.

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Treatment vs Task Groups

• Treatment Group
• Purpose is to alter group members behaviors and
  attitudes
• Help to solve personal problems, cope with
  stress, improve quality of life for individual
  participant.

• Task Group
• Purpose is to achieve a desired goal or to
  implement a change in the groups external
  environment
• Formed to meet the needs of individuals,
  families, communities

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Effective Group Development

• PURPOSEFULNESS
• Establish specific goals and objectives.
• Supplies a framework for monitoring and
  evaluating the group's progress.
• LEADERSHIP
• Helps the group maintain its focus
• Encourages maximum participation.
• May be active or passive.

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Effective Group Development

• SELECTION OF GROUP MEMBERS
• Consider age, values, common problems,
  intelligence, tolerance of structure, sex, ego
  strengths.
• PREPARATION OF GROUP MEMBERS

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Effective Group Development

• LOGISTICS
• Setting
• Short- or long-term
• Meet 1 or 2 times a week
• GROUP SIZE
• 7-9 people for therapeutic group
• 12-30 people for educational group
• GROUP RULES

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Effective Group Development

• OPEN OR CLOSED GROUPS
• PROGRAMMING
• Can be formal or informal.
• Important to keep records and complete
  evaluations.

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Social Work Practicewith COMMUNITIES

• Macro Practice

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Community is . . .

• a group of individuals
• who live in close proximity to one another,
• who share a common environment, and
• who identify themselves with that community.

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Community Practice

• The process of
• stimulating and
• assisting the local
• community to evaluate, plan, and
  coordinate its efforts to provide for the
  community's health, welfare, and recreation needs.

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Types of Communities

• Group of people who live within a certain area.
• Religious community.
• Ethnic group.
• Any group of people that has a feeling of we.
• A person can be a part of several groups
  simultaneously.

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History of Social Work with Communities

• Charity Organization
• Society

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Assumptions of Community Practice

• Systems and their policies need changes and
  improvement.
• A "holistic approach" can deal successfully with
  problems with which a "fragmented approach"
  cannot cope.
• People should participate in making and
  controlling the major changes taking place in
  their communities.
• Oppressed populations need advocacy on their
  behalf.

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COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Together we can figure out what to do and then do
it.

• Attempts to create social con- ditions
  of economic and social progress, preferably
  with the parti- cipation of the whole community.
• Considers and respects the diversity of the
  population and uses those differences as
  strengths.
• Focuses on the goal of citizen participation,
  rather than the reform of major social
  structures.

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SOCIAL PLANNING
Lets get the facts and take the next rational
steps.

• Emphasizes modifi- cation of
  institutional practices.
• Conducted at the non-profit agency or government
  agency level.
• A practical, rational approach to problem-solving
  that assumes well-intentioned people will be
  responsive to sound arguments.

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SOCIAL ACTION
Lets organize to over-power our oppressor.

• Central focus action for
  justice focused on changing policy that
  disadvantage low-income groups.
• Willing to use confrontational approaches.

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ADVOCACY

• Action that empowers individuals or communities.
• In social work the act of directly representing,
  defending, intervening, supporting, or
  recommending a course of action on behalf of
  clients, with the goal of securing
  or retaining social justice.

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Components of Advocacy

• Determine that the environment is obstructing a
  clients self-determination or causing a social
  injustice.
• Determine the degree to which the client can be
  empowered to confront the problems in the
  environment that distress them.
• Determine the role the client can play in
  effecting social change or maintaining
  advancements.

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Careers in Social Work

• BSW
• MSW
• LCSW
• Ph.D in Social Work