Nanomachines

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Nanomachines

• The Thermodynamic Ratchet
• By Owen Hickey

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Why are nanomachines different

• When we talk about nano-distances, nano-masses,
  and nano-fuel we get nano-forces
• Nanomachines must therefore take into account
  thermal fluctuations (Brownian noise) when
• FkBT

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Feynmanns Ratchet

• Thermal Noise on Spring

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Working Feynmann Ratchet
Works if spring is at lower temperature then
the Pawl (T2ltT1)
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Ratchets simple nanomachines
Hammond et al.
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Actual Device
Micromachine
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Parrondos Paradox and the Ratchet
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Applicability in the Macroworldexample by R.D.
Astumian
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Another implementation on the nanoscale
Refraction Through Bead Causes Motion
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Biological Applications (Yanagida)

• Jumps are discrete 5.5-27.5 nm, all multiples of
  5.5 nm, uses one ATP

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Rocking Ratchet

• Rocking with AC field cause motion to the left

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Hot-Cold Ratchet by Hanggi

• Possible? (such a quick T change)

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Hanggis Quantum Ratchet

• e- waveguide
• Applied weak AC field
• Low T,Lefttunneling
• High T,Rightthermal
• Heat Pump

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Actual Quantum System
Positive Current Is to the left
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The End