Cyber Physical Systems

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Cyber Physical Systems

• Science and Technologies Behind Engineering of
  Deeply Coupled IT-Physical Systems

mesl . calit2. net
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Executive office tasked with directing national
RD priority across all areas of ST.
http//www.nitrd.gov/pcast/reports/PCAST-NIT-FINAL
.pdf
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1 Priority
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CPS Engineered Systems Embedded in Societal
Context

• Electronics, Networking and IT continue to
  improve productivity and marketplace growth
• However, their impact on societal infrastructure
  is yet to be seen
• Intelligent transportation networks
• Power distribution and delivery
• Healthcare
• Emergency response
• Challenges
• Highly distributed, complex systems of systems
• Societal integration challenges legacy,
  scalability, policy goals
• Goal
• Combat fragility, devise robust and adaptable
  solutions to societal applications.

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New Generation of Systems

• Airplanes and automobiles that are
  environmentally friendly and energy efficient
• Integrated, self optimizing transportation
  systems and vehicles that interface with them
• Advanced healthcare via increased automation,
  integrating smart devices and providing safe
  access to electronic medical records
• New biotechnology via engineering closed-loop
  biological systems

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Monitoring Civil Infrastructure
Instrument large-scale structures for continuous
monitoring of structural health
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Structural Health Monitoring
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Sensing Strain/Active Probing
6 degrees of freedom (u, w, q ) linearly related
to applied loads and stiffness matrix.
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From sensor elements to full system model

• Observations x of the state vector u can now be
  made with a sensor network that obeys an
  observability function L, x L(u)
• Strain gauzes and accelerometers provide x
• Time evolution of state from Navier eqn
• M is a generalized inertial property (mass)
  matrix,
• K is a generalized elastic property (stiffness)
  matrix, F represents all the applied loads

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Structural Engineering Hits Scalability Issues

• From measurements x reconstruct the state space u
• Sampling built upon embedding theorems
• If an observable x(n) is recorded at discrete
  intervals T, the resulting full state space
  attractor may be retained by a time-delay
  embedding

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So we sample in time and space
Our research focused on determination of T and m.
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An Active Sensing Platform for Wireless
Structural Health Monitoring
A pair of PZTs actuator sensor
Sponsored by LANL In collaboration with Uof
Bologna
Prof. Tajana Šimunic Rosing
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Analyzing Deeply Coupled Systems
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Structural Health Monitoring

• Goal Monitoring Technologies for Large Scale
  Structures through sensing, computational
  modeling and predictive analysis
• Field prototypes
• Instrument large scale structures for continuous
  monitoring of structural health.

Rosing, Gupta, CSE, Michael Todd, MAE and Chuck
Farrar, LANL
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Challenges

• Inadequate science in going from engineering
  prototypes to computational models and control
  loops

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Adaptable Cyber-Coupled Engineering Systems for
Autonomous Response to Unexpected Events (ACCESS)
Distributed Embedded Systems, Storage Data
Architecture, Structural Health Monitoring,
Resource Planning
Grand Challenge Models and methods to build
coupled cyber-physical systems that are able to
autonomously respond to unexpected events through
highly available IT infrastructure, accurate and
timely situational awareness and key
reconfigurabilities for resource repurposing.
Impact Testbed

• Research Components
• Provably correct composable models of CP
  components
• Situational awareness through continuous
  structural monitoring for dynamic decision
  support
• Automatic synthesis of adaptive and reflective
  middleware for dynamic resource management

Awareness Applications
MetaSim simulation environment for crisis
response situations.
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Transportation SimulatorFor Emergency Evacuation

• Vision-based recognition algorithms
• distinguish different modes of traffic
• Mobile, GPS-based applications for customized
• messaging during disasters
• Decision-support technologies for optimized
• routing of emergency acute care vehicles

• Measurement of the transportation system
  performance
• Total time to escape
• Number of drivers evacuated

Evacuation Origin / Destination
Sharad Mehrotra, RESCUE Project, UC Irvine
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On going Activities

• Application focii
• Energy and Power Distribution Networks
• Automotive and Transportation Networks
• Multiple technical efforts seeded
• PCES Engineering of Physically-Coupled
  Distributed Embedded Systems for Societal Scale
  Applications
• CAESERS Advanced Embedded Systems for Robust
  Societal Scale Applications
• ACCESS Adaptable Cyber-Coupled Engineering
  Systems for Autonomous Response to Unexpected
  Events
• SHM Structural Health Monitoring for Damage
  Prognosis
• Community building
• ASWD Automotive Software Workshop at San Diego,
  March 2006
• ESLD System-level Design Workshop at IIT Delhi,
  February 2007
• CPS Multiple and Broader Community building on
  Cyber-Physical Systems, July, October, 2006

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From Discovery to Multi-Functional Autonomic
Systems
Civil Infrastructure
Aerospace Platforms
Energy Infrastructure
Integrated Applications
Predictive
Technology Integration
Integrated Systems Multi-Functionality
Multi-Scale, Multi- Physics Models
Technology Compatibility/ Portability Protocols
System-of-Systems
Desired Functionalities
Adaptable Sensor Node
Technology Base
Energy Management Models
Performance-Based Materials Design
Adaptable Networking
Novel Insights
Enabling Technologies
Sensors
Technology Needs
Data Feature Models
Knowledge Base
Generating Technologies
Sharad Mehrotra, Rajesh Gupta
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Emerging Engineering Sciences
community knowledge
materials/other physics models
state
data simulation
prediction and decision vector
data
control and actuator network
sensing network
decision making
predictive science
data modeling
classification
action(s)
learning, adaptation, anticipation
signal processing
uncertainty quantification
feedback
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New Lifelines, New Capabilities
Transportation Urban Mobility
Water Supply and Distribution
Infrastructure Vulnerability
GIS Remote Sensing
Sensing
Infrastructure Interdependencies
Data management
Information Technologies
Data mining Fusion
Infrastructure Reconfigurability
Distributed Systems
Real-time Control
Adaptive Reconfigurable Systems
Integrated Communication Services
Power Generation and Distribution
TRUST-IT INITIATIVE, UCI/UCSD
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Summary

• Cal-IT2 is the hub of a community of shared
  interests
• Technical Deeply-coupled Cyber-physical systems
• Educational Embedded systems, software
  engineering, sensor networks, data engineering,
  predictive modeling and hazard mitigation
• Wholesome and Holistic societal-scale
  applications and implications for technology and
  social policy
• We have assembled a strong team to address deep
  technical challenges
• And capability to transition research success to
  meaningful societal contributions
• And always looking for the driven few!