IEEE 1547 Interconnecting DR with Electric Power Systems

1
IEEE 1547 - Interconnecting DR with Electric
Power Systems

• PUCO Technical Conference on Interconnection
• March 9, 2006 - Columbus, OH
• Jim Lemke Cinergy
• Member IEEE 1547 Working Group

2
IEEE 1547 Series of Interconnection Standards

• Currently Approved
• IEEE Std 1547 (2003) Standard for Interconnecting
  Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems
• IEEE Std 1547.1 (2005) Standard Conformance Test
  Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting
  Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems
• Work in progress
• P1547.2, P1547.3, P1547.4, P1547.5, P1547.6

3
What is IEEE Std 1547 (2003)

• This standard provides interconnection technical
  specifications and requirements, and test
  specifications and requirements.
• The stated specifications and requirements, both
  technical and testing, are universally needed for
  interconnection of DR, including synchronous
  machines, induction machines, or power
  inverters/converters, and will be sufficient for
  most installations.

4
IEEE 1547 Limitations

• lt 10MVA aggregate DR capacity
• Interconnection at typical primary or secondary
  voltage levels
• Primary voltage 2.4kV to 34.5kV
• Secondary voltage less than 600 volts
• Radial systems are the main emphasis
• Network systems
• P1547.6 Draft Recommended Practice for
  Interconnecting Distributed Resources with
  Electric Power Systems on Secondary Networks

5
IEEE 1547 Requirements

• Interconnection technical specifications and
  requirements (Section 4)
• General requirements
• Response to Area EPS abnormal conditions
• Power quality
• Islanding
• Interconnection test specifications and
  requirements (Section 5)
• Design test
• Production tests
• Interconnection installation evaluation
• Commissioning tests

6
Some IEEE 1547 Requirements Address DR Impacts
During Normal Area EPS Operation
Examples

• 4.1.1 Voltage Regulation
• 4.1.8 Interconnect integrity
• 4.3.2 Flicker
• 4.3.3 Harmonics

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4.4.1 Voltage Regulation

• The DR shall not actively regulate the voltage
  at the PCC.
• The DR shall not cause the Area EPS service
  voltage at other local EPSs to go outside the
  requirements of ANSI C84.1-1995, Range A.

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Voltage Impact
Utility Substation
12.47 kV
Voltage Regulator
Other Loads
Voltage Profile
Upper Voltage Limit
126 V
ANSI C84.1 Range A
Lower Voltage Limit
114 V
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Voltage ImpactPeak Load Without DR
Utility Substation
12.47 kV
Voltage Regulator
Other Loads
Voltage Profile
Upper Voltage Limit
126 V
Substation Voltage Range
Lower Voltage Limit
114 V
10
Voltage ImpactLight Load Without DR
Utility Substation
12.47 kV
Voltage Regulator
Other Loads
Voltage Profile
Upper Voltage Limit
126 V
Substation Voltage Range
Lower Voltage Limit
114 V
11
Voltage Impact Light Load With DR
Utility Substation
12.47 kV
Voltage Regulator
DR
Other Loads
Voltage Profile
Upper Voltage Limit
126 V
Substation Voltage Range
Lower Voltage Limit
114 V
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Most IEEE 1547 Requirements Address DR Response
During Abnormal Area EPS Conditions
Examples

• 4.1.2 Integration with Area EPS Grounding
• 4.1.5 Inadvertent energization of the Area EPS
• 4.2.1 Area EPS faults
• 4.2.2 Area EPS reclosing coordination
• 4.2.3 Voltage
• 4.2.4 Frequency
• 4.4.1 Unintentional Islanding

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Unintentional Islanding
Substation Circuit Breakers
1
12.47 kV
69 kV
2
3
Substation
S
DR
Customer with DG
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Unintentional Islanding
Substation Circuit Breakers
1
12.47 kV
69 kV
2
If Circuit Breaker 2 opens, this circuit
including all its load along with the DG become
separated from the rest of the system in an
island
3
Substation
S
DR
Customer with DG
15
Unintentional Islanding
Substation Circuit Breakers
1
12.47 kV
69 kV
2
3
Substation
S
Customer with DG
S
DR
Customer without DG
16
Unintentional Islanding
Substation Circuit Breakers
1
12.47 kV
69 kV
2
3
If the fuse opens, the two customers on this
transformer along with the DG become separated
from the rest of the system in an island
Substation
S
Customer with DG
S
DR
Customer without DG
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Intentional Island

• P1547.4 Draft Guide for Design, Operation , and
  Integration of Distributed Resource Island
  Systems with Electric Power Systems

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Design Tests(IEEE 1547 Requirements That Can Be
Pre-certified)

• A determination that some requirements are met
  can be done by type testing of interconnection
  equipment, such as
• Response to abnormal voltage frequency
• Interconnect Integrity
• Unintentional islanding (active techniques only)
• Harmonics
• IEEE 1547.1 Specifies the details of design tests
• Certification concept (example UL 1741)
• Does not imply that all IEEE 1547 requirements
  are met and the device can be used anywhere

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Installation Review Study(IEEE 1547
Requirements That Cannot Be Pre-certified)

• A determination that other requirements are met
  can only be done by an installation design
  evaluation that includes Area EPS system
  characteristics at the DR site.
• Impact on Area EPS system voltage
• Grounding integration
• Isolation device
• Area EPS fault sensing
• Reclosing coordination
• Flicker
• Unintentional Islanding (passive techniques)

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Technical Issues Not Addressed by IEEE P1547

• Impact on Area EPS overcurrent protection scheme
• Penetration limits
• There is a lot we dont know about the effects of
  significant DG penetration.
• Redundancy
• Acceptable methods to meet requirements
• Dynamic character of distribution systems
• Loads change - increasing or decreasing
• Configuration changes frequently

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Additional P1547 Series Documents Under
Development
P1547.2 Draft Application Guide for IEEE 1547
Standard for Interconnecting Distributed
Resources with Electric Power Systems
P1547.3 Draft Guide for Monitoring, Information
Exchange, and Control of DR Interconnected with
Electric Power Systems
P1547.4 Draft Guide for Design, Operation , and
Integration of Distributed Resource Island
Systems with Electric Power Systems
P1547.5 Draft Technical Guidelines for
Interconnection of Electric Power Sources greater
than 10MVA to the Power Transmission Grid
P1547.6 Draft Recommended Practice for
Interconnecting Distributed Resources with
Electric Power Systems on Secondary Networks