Waterborne Diseases

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Waterborne Diseases
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Objectives

• At the end of the session
• I will have a working knowledge on how to
  identify children with waterborne diseases
• I will have realized that illness, like diarrhea,
  has many causes
• I will have plans on how to control causes of
  diarrhea
• I will be an active participant in the
• fight against waterborne diseases in
  my
• community

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C A U S E S
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CAUSES

• Intake of Medicine
• Antacids
• Antibiotics
• Sugar free gums
• Diet pills
• Travel
• Food
• Stress
• Functional

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CAUSES

• BACTERIA
• VIRUS
• PARASITES
• COMBINATION

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Who gets diarrhea? Everyone.
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What is Diarrhea?

• Fart (foul smelling)
• Passage of loose, watery stool
• More than 3 times in 24 hours
• Consistency
• Blood containing
• Color

Ears Eyes Nose Touch (Taste)
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SYMPTOMS
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Symptoms of Diarrhea

• Acute watery(cholera).Weight loss
  dehydration
• Bloody Diarrhea (dysentery)intestinal
• damagesepsis (severe infection)
• dehydration

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Symptoms of Diarrhea

• Persistent diarrheamore than 14 days
• ..Malnutrition, Dehydration,
• serious intestinal infection
• Diarrhea with severe malnutritionheart failure..
• .damage to many internal organs
• .vitamin mineral deficiencies

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What do we do?

• Do we have to give
• Antibiotics? NOT everybody should be given
• Adsorbents? (Kaolin, Pectin,)NO
• Antimotility? (Loperamide)NO, it delays
  elimination of organisms

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DIARRHEA made SIMPLE

• ASSESS
• TREAT
• ADVICE

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FOUR Rules for Home Treatment of Diarrhea

• Give the child with diarrhea more oral fluids
  than usual
• Continue breast feeding
• ORS (Oral Rehydration Salt)
• Not too sweet juices
• Vegetable or chicken soups with salt
• Salted rice water
• Buko juice with a little salt
• Yogurt with added salt

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How to Prepare Home-Made ORS

• Recipe for making a 1-litre ORS solution using
  salt, sugar and water
• I litre of clean water
• One level teaspoon of salt
• Eight level teaspoons of sugar
• Stir the mixture until the sugar salt dissolve.

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FOUR Rules for Home Treatment of Diarrhea

• 2. ZINC Supplementation
• Decreases the length and severity of diarrhea
• For the immune system
• Improves appetite and growth
• lt 6 month old 1/2 tablet once a day for
• 10 to14 days
• gt 6 months old 1 tablet per day for 10 to
  14
• days

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FOUR Rules for Home Treatment of Diarrhea

• 3. Continue to feed the child
• Breastfeed more often
• AVOID bulky, high fiber and hard to digest
  cereals, very dilute soups, too sweet fruit
  drinks, soft drinks, ice teas
• Give small but frequent feedings (every 2-3
  hours
• less than 6 month old breastfeed
• 6-1 year breastfeed and semi-solid food
• 2yrs and older regular food but those that are
  easy to digest banana, arroz caldo, rice with
  soup and fish

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FOUR Rules for Home Treatment of Diarrhea

• 4. Consult a doctor when the child
• Passes many stools
• Is very thirsty
• Has sunken eyes
• Is not getting better within 3 days
• Has fever
• Does not drink normally

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How to Prevent Diarrhea

• Wash uncooked foods
• such as fruits
• vegetables
• Encourage
• breastfeeding, not
• bottle feeding
• Dispose of rubbish away
• from water keep
• animals insects out
• Eat freshly cooked food
• keep your body and
• clothing clean keep
• your home school
• clean

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Four F's Feces Flies Fingers
Food FECES gets on food by flies or
fingers! Feces can carry diarrhea germs
and can make you sick. Think of ways to
avoid this cycle
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• The Philippine College of Physicians wishes to
  acknowledge the following for her invaluable
  efforts in the preparation of this module
• Cynthia Cuayo-Juico, MD, FPPS