Materials Technology

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Materials Technology Material Testing
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Overview Testing Materials
Hardness Testing
Measures the materials resistance to indentation
or scratching
Hardness Value Read Directly From Dial
Table Height Adjustment
Indenter
Test Component Placed on Table
Activating lever
Direct Reading Hardness Testing Machine (Vickers
or Brinell)
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Overview Testing Materials
Vickers Hardness Testing
Measures the materials resistance to indentation
or scratching
A square pyramid shaped indenter (point angle
136) is forced into the specimen. The diagonal
length of the indented square is measured. This
measurement is taken by a special microscope for
accuracy. It is then converted into a Vickers
hardness number
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Overview Testing Materials
Brinell Hardness Testing
Measures the materials resistance to indentation
or scratching
The Brinell hardness test uses a hardened steel
or tungsten carbide ball of 10mm, 5mm or 1mm
diameter. The diameter of the indentation is
measured and it is used to indicate the hardness
of the material
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Overview Testing Materials
Simple Workshop Test (Hardness)
The Plunger is dropped from a 500mm height onto
different materials. The indentations on each
test piece are measured. The deeper the
indentation the softer the material
Heavy Plunger
Clear Acrylic Tube
Specimen to be Tested
Steel Ball Bearing
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Overview Testing Materials
Izod Impact Test
Measures a materials toughness
Scale to read energy absorbed in breaking the
specimen
Start Position of Pendulum
Test Specimen Held Vertically
Pendulum
Vice
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Overview Testing Materials
Izod Impact Test
Measures a materials toughness
Pendulum

• The Specimen is held vertically in a vice

• The notch on the specimen faces the pendulum

• The striking energy of the pendulum is 167 Joules

Vice
Specimen
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Overview Testing Materials
Charpy Impact Test
Measures a materials toughness
Pendulum

• The Specimen is held horizontally between two
  supports

• The notch on the specimen faces away from the
  pendulum

• The striking energy of the pendulum is 300 Joules

Support
Specimen
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Overview Testing Materials
Simple Workshop Test (Toughness)
Hammer
This is another comparative test. The specimen
pieces are held vertically in a vice and hit with
a hammer It is important to wear a face shield or
goggles and for spectators to stand well back.
Brittle materials will fracture and possibly
splinter.
Vice
Specimen
Ductile Material
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Overview Testing Materials
Simple Workshop Test (Deflection)
This is another comparative test The specimen is
placed on the supports Weights are placed on the
platform, pushing the plunger down causing the
specimen to deflect Specimens can be tested to
destruction or their deflection is measured when
the same weight is applied to each in turn
Weights Platform
Plunger
Specimen
Supports
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Overview Testing Materials
Tensile Testing
Measures a materials tensile strength
Clamps for Holding Specimen
Dial Gauge to Measure Extension of Specimen
Simple Tensile Testing Machine
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Overview Testing Materials
Simple Workshop Test (Stiffness)
Clamped
Deflection
This is a comparative test. The material to be
tested is clamped to a bench. Weights are applied
to the free end. The amount of deflection of each
material is measured and compared with each other
Specimen
Applied Weights