Biological Clock

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????????? Biological Clock Chronobiology
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• ????(biological rhythm)????????????????????????,
  ??????????????
• ?????(?????,??????????)
• ?????(24??????,circadian rhythm)
• ?????(????????)

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• ???????????????
• ???? ????????????????
• (?????????????????????????
• ??????????????,????????????
• ??????????)
• ???? ??????????????
• (???????????)
• ???? ?????????

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?5. ????????????????(VT)????(Cao JM,Circ Res
200086816-21)
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• ?????????
• ??????????????????
• ????????????????????????,
• ???????????????????,??????
• ???????????????
• ??????????????
• ?????????
• ??????????/????????

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• ???? ???????????
• ??????????????????????,???
• ????,??????(HIV)???????????
• ????(???????????)?????????
• ????????IgE??(???????)??????
• ??24???????????????????,??IgE
• ????????,???????,????????
• ??????????????,??????

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• ??????????
• ?????????????????????
• Timing is everything.
• ?????????????????(?????????????????????,???????,?
  HIV??????????)?
• ???????????
• ????????,??(Life-span)
• ????????????(Circadian )

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• ??????
• ????
• ????
• ?????????
• ???
• ?????

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• ????????????????
• ?????(chronopathology)
• ?????(chronopharmacology)
• ?????(chronotherapy)
• ??????(NeuroAIDS)

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• ???????????????
• ?????????????????,????????????????????????????
  ????????????????circadian rhythm?circadian????
  ?????,?circa?diem??,??circaabout,
  diemday???circadian rhythm???24???????

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The endogenous nature of biological clock

• Living organisms evolved an internal biological
  clock, called the Circadian rhythm, to help their
  bodies adapt to the daily cycle of day and night
  (light and dark) as the Earth rotates every 24
  hours.

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• ?????????
• ???????????(suprachiasmatic nucleus,SCN)???????
  ???????
• SCN??????????25??

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• ????????????????????
• ?????????????????????,???????SCN?????????????,
  ???????????????????(clock resetting),????????????

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• ?????????????????
• 2002?????????????????????(melanopsin)?????????
  ?????????????????????-?????(retinohypothalamic
  tract,RHT) ????????????????????????(???-???-????)?

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• RHT??????????????SCN,SCN??RHT????????,??????????
  ????,????????????(???????)????
• ???(glutamate, Glu)?RHT??????????????,???????????
  ?????????????

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• ??????????
• ??????????????,24????????,??????????

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• ??24???????
• ???????????,?????Nalgene Cages
  ??????????????????
• Running wheel
• VitalView Software

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Nalgene Cages (supplied by Mini Mitter)
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VitalView
SoftwareWhether you are monitoring temperature,
activity, and heart rate with implanted
E-Mitters, behavioral parameters like running
wheel turns, or a combination of them all,
VitalView software provides the tools you need to
direct data collection, pre-process data, and
export the collected data to your preferred data
analysis software.
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Actiview Actogram Software View exported
VitalView data through the Actiview program to
uncover daily patterns.
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?1?C57/B6??????????(Mouse wheel running
actogram)?????????????????,???????(??)????????????
??????????(DD)??,???????24??????????,?????????????
????,??????????????????????????(Ding JM)
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• ????????????????????
• ??????????? (SCN) ??????????????????????????????
  ?,SCN ??????????????????????????????,???????(circa
  dian clock resetting)????????,?????????????????(ne
  uroplasticity)????????????????????????????????????
  ????

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• ???(clock gene)
• Bmal1 Clock
• Per1 Per2
• Cry1 Cry2
• ????(clock controlled genes)
• about 10 of all genes

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Clock genes

• Circadian rhythms are controlled by "clock genes"
  that carry the genetic instructions to produce
  proteins. The levels of these proteins rise and
  fall in rhythmic patterns.

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• The central player is the per gene, which
  produces the PER protein. PER levels are highest
  during early evening and lowest early in the day.

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Clock-controlled genes (ccgs)

• DNA microarray
• Ccgs(circadian genes) 0.5-9
• DNA microarray analyses of circadian timing the
  genomic basis of biological time.J
  Neuroendocrinol. 2003 Oct15(10)991-1002. Review