Livestock and Poultry Sectors in Pakistan

1
Livestock and Poultry Sectors in Pakistan

• Dr. M. Afzal
• Chairman
• Pakistan Agricultural Research Council
• Islamabad

2
Livestock in national economy

• Livestock in Pak GDP 11.4
• Share in agri. GDP 53.2
• Livestock in export 8.5
• Dependent families gt 8.5 m
• Provides raw material for industry
• Social security for rural poor
• Security against crop failure in barani areas

3
Livestock Population

• (Million Heads)
• Province Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat
  Camel
• Pakistan (2006) 29.6 27.3 26.5
  53.8 0.9
• Pakistan (2010) 34.3 30.8 27.8
  59.9 1.0
• Per cent distribution
• Khyber Phakhtunkhaw 20 7 13
  18 7
• Punjab 49 65 24 37
  22
• Sindh 23 27 15 23
  30
• Balochistan 8 1 48
  22 41
• Economic Survey (2009-10)
• Livestock Census (2006)

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Livestock Population Trend
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Number of households reporting livestock (2006)
Million Households
Herd Size Cattle Buffalo Flock Size Sheep Goat
1-6 5.204 (84.1) 5.001 (83.4) 1-30 1.390 (88.9) 6.576 (96.7)
7-15 0.826 (13.3) 0.843 (14.1) 31-75 0.119 (7.6) 0.173 (2.5)
16-50 0.140 (2.3) 0.140 (2.3) 76-350 0.050 (3.2) 0.049 (0.7)
gt 50 0.018 (0.3) 0.012 (0.2) gt 350 0.005 (0.3) 0.004 (0.1)
Total 6.188 (100) 5.996 (100) Total 1.564 (100) 6.802 (100)
Values in parentheses indicate age
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Herd Size Profile in Pakistan (2006)
Million animals
Herd Size Cattle Buffalo Flock Size Sheep Goat
1-6 14.9 (50.3) 14.4 (52.7) 1-30 9.9 (37.4) 36.2 (67.3)
7-15 7.7 (26.1) 7.8 (28.6) 31-75 5.5 (20.8) 7.8 (14.5)
16-50 3.3 (11.1) 3.2 (11.7) 76-350 6.9 (26.0) 6.5 (12.1)
gt 50 3.7 (12.5) 1.9 (7.0) gt 350 4.2 (15.8) 3.3 (6.1)
Total 29.6 (100) 27.3 (100) Total 26.5 (100) 53.8 (100)
Values in parentheses indicate age
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Livestock Production Systems

• Cattle and Buffaloes
• - Rural Subsistence Small Holdings
• - Rural Market Oriented Small Holdings
• - Rural Commercial Farming
• - Peri-urban/Urban Commercial Dairying
• - Desert Cattle Farming
• - Corporate Dairy Farming
• Sheep and Goats
• - Nomadic
• - Transhumant
• - Sedentary / Household
• Poultry
• - Rural (range) Poultry
• - Intensive Poultry

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Traditional Rural Poultry

• Almost every rural household and some urban
  households raise poultry
• Poultry Population 73.65 million
• Contribution to egg production 41.6
• Contribution to meat production 24.3
• Breeds 3 local, 2 imported
• Hatching Brooding hens
• Feeding Scavengers
• Important Diseases Newcastle disease, Fowl
  cholera, Fowl pox

Census 2006
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Intensive (Commercial) Poultry

• History
• 1963-65 Beginning of commercial poultry
• 1970s Broiler and layer farms
• 1980s Breeders farms, chick quality improvement
• 1990s Grand parents, better management
• 2000s Environmentally controlled housing,
  Processing and value chain
• Status
• Share in poultry meat 75.7
• Share in eggs 58.4
• Grand parents 5 companies
• Breeders 6.8 million
• Layers 25 million
• Broilers 434 million
• Farms 25,897
• Hatcheries 305
• Feed Mills 154

10
Dairy Sub-sector

• Total milk production (09-10) 36.299 m tons
• Milk market
• Producers (self or direct selling) 68.0
• Informal market (Gawala operated) 28.5
• Formal dairy industry 3.5
• Dairy industry
• 25 out of 49 dairy plants are operational
• Main players are Nestle, Engro, Haleeb,
  Shakargang, Millac
• Main products are UHT and Pasteurized milk, Milk
  powder, Yougurt, Cream, Cheese, etc.
• 3.0 million litres per day being procurement
• Rs 63 million daily going to rural economy

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Meat Sub-sector

• Total meat production (09-10) 2.965 million
  tons
• Beef Production 1.655 million tons
• Mutton Production 0.603 million tons
• Poultry Meat 0.707 million tons
• Meat market
• Butchers operated shops, many slaughter at shops
• Main players at slaughter house are Arties
• Mainly fresh meat selling
• A few chilled meat selling modern butcheries
  started
• Meat industry
• 80 slaughtering done outside out side
  slaughterhouses
• Local governments own and operate slaughter
  houses, generally rated as unhygienic
• 11 private sector slaughter houses registered by
  Animal Quarantine Department and importing
  countries
• Total export is lt 0.6 percent of the production
• 46 casing factories processing guts for export
• Bone meal / gelatin also being exported

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Roles in Livestock Development

• Federal
• National policies, planning economic
  coordination
• Import/export of animals and animal products and
  animal quarantine
• Research and international coordination
• Catalyst for livestock development
• Provincial
• Livestock Development
• Veterinary Vaccine Production
• Disease surveillance and reporting
• Livestock research
• Livestock production and health education
• Milk and meat quality
• District
• Veterinary Health service (Preventive Curative)
• Breeding services (Artificial insemination)
• Animal slaughtering
• Livestock Markets

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Veterinary Institutions in Pakistan
Region Vet faculty Res/Vac Inst. Hospital Dispensaries Vet. Centres Labs
Punjab 6 1 530 1213 1713 28
Sindh 1 2 119 60 608 7
NWFP 2 1 98 363 218 7
Baloch. 1 1 116 783 - 15
AJK 1 - 59 66 129 6
NA - - 12 165 - 7
FATA - - 25 212 207 1
ICT - 1 4 7 - 1
Total 11 6 963 2869 2875 72
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Production Institutions in Pakistan
Region Teach faculty Research Institute Tech Trg Ins SP AI centres Farm (LP) Ext Centre
Punjab 6 4 2 6835 229 -
Sindh 1 1 2 276 514 -
KPK 1 1 1 3331 53 -
Baloch. 1 1 1 164 1418 -
AJK 1 1 - 38 14 184
NA - - - 14 -
FATA - - - 1118 1 -
ICT - - - 11 - 1
Total 10 8 6 131473 4853 185
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Livestock Development Constraints

• Inadequate feed resources (short by 30)
• Widespread breeding of genetically inferior
  livestock
• Epidemics of infectious diseases
• Poor marketing infrastructure
• Inadequate institutional infrastructure
• Outdated regulatory framework
• Limited credit availability to the livestock
  farmers (1/10 of agricultural credit)
• Low investment by government

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Livestock Development Policy

• Vision
• Promoting livestock to provide safe and quality
  products at competitive prices, covering entire
  value chain with focus on market and poverty
  reduction
• Policy
• Private sector led development with public
  sector providing enabling environment
• Strategy
• Private sector led
• Increase in productivity
• Moving from subsistence farming to
  market-oriented and commercial farming
• Covering entire value chain

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Poultry Development Policy

• Vision
• Supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs and value
  added products to the domestic and international
  markets at competitive prices
• Policy
• Facilitate and support private sector-led
  development for sustainable poultry products
• Strategy
• Hi-tech intensive poultry production
• Processing and value addition
• Improving bio-security
• Disease control and genetic improvement in rural
  poultry

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