Vikings

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Vikings

• By Megan D. Haylee B.
• Core4

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What is a Viking?

• Vikings were Scandinavian people from the
  Northeastern coast of Europe. The regions the
  Vikings were located in at one time are now
  present-day Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. They
  settled in Iceland, Greenland, and North America.

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• Vikings raided and colonized wide areas in Europe
  from the late eighth to early eleventh century.

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• Viking sailors explored most of the North
  Atlantic Ocean. Their ships carried settlers to
  Greenland and Iceland. Vikings established at
  least one settlement in North America, but it
  lasted only a few years.

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How did Vikings affect European society?

• They contributed to the rise of feudalism.
• They caused people to build castles to defend
  themselves.
• They caused people to build fences or walls
  around their land because they feared an attack
  from the Vikings.

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Technology

• Longships were very superior in technology.
  Another type of ship, the knarr, wider and deeper
  in length, were customarily used. The Vikings
  were very skilled in land warfare and also at
  sea. The effectiveness of these abilities to
  maneuver earned Vikings a fierce reputation as
  raiders and pirates. Chroniclers paid little
  attention to other aspects of medieval
  Scandinavian culture.

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Viking Raids

• The first wave started in 795 and ended in 851.
• Black dot Principal Monasteries attacked before
  837.
• Red dot Viking encampments (lodging) with date
  of first use, if known.

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Christmas Tradition

• On of the Pagan traditions that have become part
  of Christmas is burning the Yule log. This
  tradition goes from many different cultures, but
  in everyone its significance seems to lie in the
  "wheel" of the year. The Druids would bless a log
  and keep it burning for 12 days during the winter
  solstice. Part of the log was kept for the next
  year, when it would be used to light the new Yule
  log. For the Vikings, the Yule log was an
  important part of their celebration of the
  solstice.
• Burning a Yule log is probably the oldest
  Christmas tradition ever. It even started before
  the first Christmas!
• Celebrating Yule means no work as long as the
  special log burns. It does require gathering
  family, friends and neighbors for songs and
  stories, dances and romances, feasts and fun!

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Controlling a Viking Ship

• Vikings didnt use maps.
• They looked at the color of the sea, the way the
  waves were moving and the way the wind was
  blowing.
• They looked out for birds and could smell if
  they were near land.
• They almost never had a compass.
• Some Vikings may have used an instrument called a
  sun-shadow board to help them to navigate where
  they were located.

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What trade goods did Viking ships carry?

• Trade goods that the Vikings took from their own
  lands in Scandinavia included walrus ivory,
  whalebone, and the furs and skins of animals such
  as fox, bear, beaver and otter. They also carried
  amber, a fossilized resin that was cut and
  polished to make beads, pendants and brooches.
  All these natural products were traded for
  various goods in different countries

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Vikings equipment

• Vikings used swords, axes, spears, shields,
  armor, and archery during their battles.

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Swords
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Axes
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Spears
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Shields
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Armor
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Archery
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Fun Facts

• The Baltic Sea, the North Sea, and the North
  Atlantic were the Vikings super-highway. These
  are some of the worlds most difficult waters to
  sail on.

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• Vikings were fierce warriors who terrorized
  Europe from the late 700s to about 1100 A.D.

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• In medieval use, a Viking is a pirate, and not a
  name for the people or culture in general. The
  medieval Scandinavian population, in general, is
  more properly referred to as Norse.

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• The lack of any political unity made it hard to
  resist any of the Viking attacks.

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• They founded most of the major towns such as
  Dublin, Cork, Limerick, and Waterford.

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• The Vikings were great traders and did much to
  develop commerce in medieval Ireland.

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• Viking explorer Leif Ericson, landed in North
  America about 500 years before Christopher
  Columbus arrived in 1492.

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• Later they established trading centers and trade
  routes in those regions.

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• Early during this time period, Vikings conquered
  or looted parts of England, France, Germany,
  Ireland, Italy, Russia, and Spain.

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5 Review Questions

• 1. Name 3 of the 6 weapons Vikings used.
• 2. What was the other name for a Viking?
• 3. What were 3 of the 7 places Vikings conquered?
• 4. Which Viking explorer landed in North America
  before Christopher Columbus?
• 5. What is the correct definition of a Viking?

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Sources!!

• http//www.crystalinks.com/vikings.html
• www.42explore2.com/viking.htm
• www.ireland-information.com/reference/midages.html
  
• www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_AgeEngland
• www.viking.no/e/travels/navigation/index.html
• http//i254.photobucket.com/albums/hh87/visualweas
  el/BizarroViking.jpg
• http//digilander.libero.it/tepec/vikcombat.htm