Joints of the Human Body

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Joints of the Human Body
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Joints

• Joints are the ________________(or articulations)
  between _________connected bones.
• Joints ________________________
• _______________________________.

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3 Types of Joints(Functional Classification)

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.

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Fibrous- immovable joints

• Fibrous Joints
• Example

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• 2. Semi-movable joints
• a. Ligamentous
• Example

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2. Cartilaginous semi-movable joints

• b. Cartilaginous -
• Example

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3. Synovial freely movable joints

• Synovial -

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Types of Synovial Joints
Ball-and-socket joint
Gliding joint
Hinge joint
Pivot joint
Saddle joint
Ellipsoid joint
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Joints in the Skeleton
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Synovial Joints

• 1.Gliding (arthrodial)

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2. Hinge (ginglymus)

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• 3. Pivot (trochoid)

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4.Ellipsoid
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• 5. Saddle

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6. Ball Socket
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Related Joint Structures

• Ligaments
• Fibrocartilage
• Occupies the space between ________________
  ______________and can take on many sizes and
  shapes
• Is __________ and are know as disks (e.g. those
  between the vertebrae of the spine), while others
  are flat or circular in shape (e.g. knee)
• Is resilient and functions as the shock absorber
• Not blood supply of its own and relies on
  synovial fluid for nourishment

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• Synovial Membrane
• A thin tissue that surrounds most freely moving
  joints
• Membrane secretes synovial fluid which provides
  nourishment for cartilaginous disks, lubrication,
  and hydrostatic cushioning
• Joint Capsule
• Bursae
• Others (found in some joints) articular discs,
  fibrocartilaginous labra, meniscus and
  intracapsular tendons

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Examples of opposing muscles and muscle groups
AGONIST (Prime Mover) ANTAGONIST
Elbow flexion Biceps brachii Triceps brachii
Shoulder abduction
Medial shoulder rotation
Knee extension
Wrist flexion
Dorsi flexion
Trunk flexion
Hip flexion