Blood Product Administration

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Blood Product Administration

• Keith Rischer, RN

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Erythrocytes

• Function
• Normal Life span
• Norms
• Hgb
• Women 12-16 g/dl
• Men 13.5-18n g/dl
• HCT
• Women 38-47
• Men 40-54
• RBC
• 4.0-5.0 mm3
• 4.5-6.0 mm3

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Terms

• Agglutinin
• Antigen
• Autologous donor
• ABO
• Rh

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General Overview

• Types of blood products
• PRBC
• FFP
• Platelets
• Albumin
• Indications specific to component
• Importance of nursing role

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Nursing Assessment Pre-Transfusion

• IV site
• Site
• Size
• Verify MD order
• Establish baseline VS
• Consent signed
• Education
• Transfusion history
• Report chills, dizziness or fever

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Safety First

• First check
• Double check
• Blood type Rh
• Patient name
• MR
• Expiration date
• Unit on compatibility tag
• Both document

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Nursing Responsibilities

• NS
• Prime tubing before
• VS checks
• 15
• Every hour infusing
• End
• Volume in unit
• Rate of administration
• ½ hourly rate first 15
• Observe first 15
• Document

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Complications

• Fluid overload
• Lyte imbalances
• Hypothermia
• Thrombocytopenia

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Transfusion Reactions

• Febrile Reaction
• Sudden onset of chills, fever, temp elevation gt1
  degree C. headache, anxiety
• Mild Allergic Reaction
• Flushing, urticaria, hives
• Allergic
• Acute Hemolytic Reaction
• Chills, fever, flushing, tachycardia, SOB,
  hypotension, acute renal failure, shock, cardiac
  arrest, death

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Transfusion Reaction Responsibilities

• STOP transfusion stat disconnect
• Maintain IV site-disconnect from IV and flush
  with NS
• Recheck ID
• Notify blood bank/MD
• Monitor VS
• Treat sx per MD orders
• Save bag and tubing-send to blood bank
• Document per policy