Strangles Equine Distemper

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StranglesEquine Distemper

• Barn Fever

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Stangles

• Agent Streptococcus equi
• Gram
• Jordanus Ruffus first reported in 1251
• World wide disease of horses, donkeys and mules
• Normally has a 1-3 week incubation period after
  the initial infection.
• Symptoms milder in older horses

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StranglesSymptoms

• Anorexia
• Febrile
• Nasal Discharge which becomes purulent
• Hold neck and head outstretched
• Difficulty swallowing
• Swollen throat and lymph nodes
• Chronic weight loss
• Discolored Swollen limbs
• Temporary Laryngeal paralysis(hemiplegia)
  --Roarer--

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StanglesTransmission

• Highly contagious, oral nasal route
• Bacteria invades the nasopharyngeal and oral
  mucosa.
• Then is transmitted to the regional lymph nodes,(
  retropharyngeal and submandibular lymph node)
• Lymph nodes swell and develop abscesses which
  rupture and drain either outside the host or into
  the pharynx or guttural pouch.

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StranglesPathology

• Severe upper Respiratory disease with abscesses
  in the lymph nodes
• Disseminated disease where internal lymph nodes
  get infected and rupture (bastard strangles)
• Guttural pouch empyema
• Pupura hemorrhagica

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StanglesDiagnosis/Symptoms
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Strangles Diagnosis

• Symptoms
• Culture of purulent discharge and isolation of
  Strep Equi
• PCR (DNA) for carrier state

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Equine Stangles
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Guttural PouchEquine
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Strangles
11
StranglesAbscessed Submandibular LN
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TreatmentStrangles

• Antibiotics Penicillin
• Abscess Treatment
• Guttural pouch flushing
• Isolation with Supportative care

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StranglesPrevention

• Vaccinations
• Isolation of new horses (1 months quarantine)
• DNA on newly arrived
• Nasal Culture?