Unit Three

1
Unit Three
2
Teaching Objectives

1. Enlarge vocabulary
2. Talk about social welfare system briefly
3. Understand figurative language
4. Learn to write with supporting examples

3
Sections
Section A Longing for a New Welfare
System Section B A Blind Man Helped Me See the
Beautiful World Section C A hard Job to Come By
4
Section A
Longing for a New Welfare System
5
Table of Contents
1. Background Information
2. Warming-up Activities
3. Text Analysis
4. Vocabulary and Structure
5. Vocabulary Tests
6. Translation Writing
6
Background Information
Social Welfare (1)
Public assistance programs, commonly
called welfare, provide cash or in-kind
benefits for particular categories of the
financially needy. The U.S. welfare system
operates on both the federal and state levels.
The federal welfare program is known as Social.
Security that provides benefits or assistance for
child care, disability, food and medical
assistance (also known as medicaid). The state
welfare programs, on the other hand, provide
assistance to both individuals and local
communities with state schooling and social
insurance.
7
Social Welfare (2)
U.S. welfare programs grew significantly in the
decades following World War II, but increases in
welfare costs during the 1960s and 1970s brought
into question the extent and quality of public
assistance. In the early 1980s the Reagan
Administration reduced welfare expenditure and
suggested turning responsibility for welfare
funding over to the states. The cuts in federal
funding that took effect during the Reagan
Administration did in fact effectively place the
responsibility for maintaining funding levels on
the statesand, in some cases, on the larger
cities.
8
Social Welfare (3)
The result has been a widening of the already
existing disparities in social services spending
between states, and between cities and regions
within a state. An example of the state welfare
system can be seen at http//www.state.tn.us
under the Health and Social Programs
section.     Social welfare is an integrated
part of a countrys social policy.For the
discussion on this topic, check out the website
http//www2.rgu.ac.uk/publicpolicy/introduction.
9
Warming-up Activities
Comprehension of the Text
1. What does the author mean by saying A welfare
client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects
it? 2. How has the author chosen to live as a
welfare client? 3. What do caseworkers really
expect welfare clients to do? 4. What is the
authors attitude towards caseworkers?
10
Comprehension of the Text
5. Why is the welfare system to blame, according
to the author? 6. How could the author possibly
get his wheelchair repaired at last? 7. What
does the author think of the current welfare
system? 8. What kind of new welfare system does
the author dream of?
11
Reference for Comprehension Questions
1. He means that a welfare client is believed to
lie to get a little extra welfare money and those
caseworkers know it well. 2. He has chosen to
live an honest life by drumming up some business
outside and drawing cartoons for magazines. 3.
They know clearly that they are being made fools
of by some of their clients, and they feel they
are entitled to have clients bow to them as
compensation. 4. He doesnt think those
caseworkers are to blame so he isnt being bitter.
12
Reference for Comprehension Questions
5. Because he believes it practically requires
people to lie . 6. He had to call a caseworker.
After giving a little lecture, went through a
series of procedures before he could get it
repaired. 7. The system so easily lends itself to
abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the
clients. 8. He dreams of a new system that will
encourage the clients and help them to develop
their talents, rather than seek to convict them
of cheating.
13
Text analysis
Text main idea
The passage explores the problems of the
present welfare system first and then expresses
the desire to have a new system. According to the
author, a disabled person with spinal cord
injuries, he is forced to account for every penny
while enduring lectures by the caseworkers. It is
hard to have his wheelchair repaired and even
harder to make a gradual shift away from welfare.
That is why he longs for a new system under which
the disabled like him can earn part or all of
their own livings.
14
Text Structure
Part II
Part III
Part I
Para 15-17 Suggestions to improve the present
welfare system
Para1-3 General images of welfare clients and
caseworkers.
Para 4-14 Problems with the present welfare
system
15
Main idea for Part I
This part is about how people concerned
behave under the present welfare system Clients
cheat the system for more money while
caseworkers, like detectives, expect the clients
to bow down to them and beg.
16
Developing technique (1)
Deduction (???)
A general statement I have opted to live a life
of complete honesty. (Para. 2)
1. I go out and drum up some business and draw
cartoons. 2. I even tell welfare how much I
make! 3. If I want to get paid under the table,
big magazines are not going to get involved in
some sticky situation.
17
Main idea for Part II
Several events are narrated to illustrate
the problems with the present welfare system
welfare caseworkers try to find anything
unreported, welfare clients have difficulties in
obtaining help, and the law does not encourage
clients to make a gradual shift away from welfare.
18
Developing technique (2)
Narration (???)
19
Main idea for Part III
A lawyer is needed to act as a champion for
the rights of welfare clients. Besides, the
author wishes that the government would help
clients earn part or all of their livings. And, a
new system is desired to encourage them, rather
than seek to convict them of cheating.
20
Developing technique (3)
Exemplification (???)
Argument There needs to be a lawyer who can
act as a champion for the rights of welfare
clients, because the system so easily lends
itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as
by the clients. Example Welfare sent
Suzanne to look around in my apartment the other
day because the chemist said I was using a larger
than usual amount of medical supplies. I was,
indeed the hole that has been surgically cut to
drain urine had changed size and the connection
to my urine bag was leaking.
21
Vocabulary and Structure
words phrases
patterns

• bleed
• pension
• opt (to)
• drum up
• to lend oneself to
• profile
• make fools of
• account for

1. sb. is supposed to do sth.
2. sb. is entitled to do sth.
3. sbs being adj.
4. There needs

22
1. bleed ??,??
words phrases
????
??????????????????
The west is bleeding poorer countries dry through
interest payments on their debts.
23
2. pension ???,???
????
????????????
She went to the post office to draw her pension
every month.
24
3. opt to ??
????????????,????????
????
When he left school, he opted to go to college
and study for a degree, rather than getting job
straightly away.
25
4. drum up ????
????????????????????????
????
The department store is offering reduction on
many types of merchandise, in an effort to drum
up business.
26
5. to lend oneself to ??
???????????????????????
????
It is a system that would lend itself to district
general hospital of any size.
27
6. profile??,??
????
?????????????????
We first built up a detailed profile of our
customers and their requirement .
28
7. make a fool/fools of ??,??
????
?????????
Your brother is making a fool of you.
29
8. account for ??
????
?????????????,????????
He accounted for the missing items as lost but
found them later.
30
1. sb. is supposed to do sth.?????
patterns
????
????????,??????
You are supposed to ask the teacher if you want
to leave the room.
31
2. sb. is entitled to do sth.???/????
????
??65??????????
You will be entitled to your pension when you
reach 65.
32
3. sbs being adj. ???
????
????????
I was being very careful.
33
4. there needs .??
????
??????????
There needs to report the scores to the parents.
34
Vocabulary Tests
Test I
Test II
35
Test I (1)
Choose the best answer to each question.
1. We have had to raise our prices because of the
increase in the cost of ____ materials. A)
primitive B) rough C) original
D) raw 2. The social security
system provides ____ for retired citizens. A)
wages B) pensions C)
profits D) rewards
36
Test I (2)
3. It is well-known that the retired workers in
our country are ____ free medical care. A)
entitled to B) involved in C)
associated with D) assigned to 4. Although
she was not very rich, she was quite ____ with
her money. A) noble B)
flexible C) liberal D)
liable
37
Test I (3)
5. He received a letter of thanks for his ____ of
books to the Shakespeare library. A)
publication B) donation C)
acquisition D) quotation 6. The bus
ran over the cliff because its ____ failed.
A) brakes B) controls C)
gears D) signals
38
Test I (4)
7. Not long ago, a government official whom I
know very well was ____ a bribery. A) related
to B) involved in C) included
in D) subjected to 8. They put in the
highest ____ for the house. A) currency
B) proposal C) bid
D) purchase
39
Test I (5)
9. A good hunting dog is ____ to every sound and
movement in the field. A) alert
B) aware C) cautious
D) nervous 10. Only the most sophisticated
theories of modern physics can ____ this
phenomenon. A) account for B)
count on C) account of D) count
for
40
Test II (1)
Fill in the blanks with the phrases or
expressions given below. Change the form where
necessary. convict of drum up break down
result in account for build up go through
face with yield to pay for
1. We all _______ our mistakes in some way at
some time. 2. It took her ten years to _______
her publishing business.
41
Test II (2)
convict of drum up break down result in
account for build up go through face with
yield to pay for
3. well have to _______ more enthusiasm. 4. I
find it very difficult to _______ the fact that
two of our best students failed the exam. 5. If
we want to reduce population, we are _______ some
difficult choices. 6. More attention to road
safety can _______ a decrease in road accidents.
42
Test II (3)
convict of drum up break down result in
account for build up go through face with
yield to pay for
7. I admire her because shes still so cheerful
after all that shes _______. 8. The peace
takes_______ without any agreement being
reached. 9. All four men were _______ illegally
bringing drugs into the country. 10. We will
not _______ pressure, said the president.
43
Key to Testing
Keys to test I
1. D 2. B 3. A 4.
C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8.
C 9.A 10. A
Keys to test II
1. pay for 2. build
up 3. drum up 4.
account for 5. faced with
6. result in 7. gone through 8.
broke down 9. convicted of 10.
yield to
44
Translation (1)
1. Deep down, caseworkers know that they are
being made fools of by many of their clients, and
they feel they are entitled to have clients bow
to them as compensation.
??
??
?????????????????????,??????,????,??????????????
45
Translation (2)
2. But even if I yielded to that temptation, big
magazines are not going to get involved in some
sticky situation.
???
????
????????????,???????????????????
46
Translation (3)
3. There is no provision in the law for a gradual
shift away from welfare.
??????
????
??????????,??????????????
47
Translation (4)
4. There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a
champion for the rights of welfare clients,
because the system so easily lends itself to
abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the
clients.
??
???
????????????????????,?????????????????????,???????
????????
48
Writing
2002.1 ?????????
A Letter to the University President about the
Canteen Service on Campus 1. ??????????????? 2.
????????
49
Sample Writing(1)
A Letter to the University President about the
Canteen Service on Campus January 12th,2002 Dear
Mr. President, Im very lucky to attend
this world-famous university, but Im afraid Im
not contend with the canteen service on campus.

50
Sample Writing(2)
Firstly, the quality of the dishes
should be improved. Undoubtedly, there are a lot
of delicious dishes, but all the year round, they
are the same. More and more students are
complaining about eating the same food each day.
So I think the most urgent problem is variety.
Secondly, the price is a bit too high. Many
of us hope that the canteen can provide us with
mot only delicious bur also cheaper food.
51
Sample Writing(3)
Finally, the environment is so noisy that
we cant enjoy our meals in good mood. I suggest
that there be some soft music to help us relax.
Those presented suggestions are not just of
my own, bur also of many other students. We hope
our respectable president will pay attention to
our suggestions. By the way, the canteen
workers are very patient and are always smiling.
So I think if our university offers them better
conditions, they will offer us better
service Best wishes! Yours
52
Section B
A Blind Man Helped Me See the Beautiful World
53
Table of Contents
1. Reading Comprehension
2. Vocabulary Study
3. Vocabulary Tests
54
Reading Comprehension
Task I
55
Task I
DirectionsChoose the correct version of each of
the statements below so that each reflects what
the author states in the article.

1. The stacks of paper bore witness to a huge amount
   of work waiting to be done, as if / even though I
   had been working seven days a week.
2. I remember feeling excited / annoyed at this
   dense collection of humanity.
3. Then the truth struck me / is confirmed by
   myself. He was blind.
4. As we waited for our drinks, the blind man said,
   The music seems in true / out of tune to our
   Western ears, but it has charm.

56
Task I
5. They are restless/ motionless, waiting for
performance to start. 6. The first performance
ended just as / right before we finished dessert,
and I excused myself and went to talk to the
theater manager. 7. A few minutes later he was
standing next to one of the dancers, her little
crowned head almost / hardly reaching his
chest. 8. About a week after our trip, the
chairman told me the Chinese executive had called
to express great dissatisfaction / satisfaction
with the trip.
57
Key to Task I

• 1. even though 2. annoyed 3.
  struck
• 4. out of tune 5. motionless 6. just
  as
• 7. hardly 8. satisfaction

58
Vocabulary study
words phrases

1. bear witness to
2. chartered
3. steer
4. out of tune
5. highlight
6. realm

59
1. bear witness to ??,??,??
????????????,???????????????????
????
The enormous popularity of the film bears the
witness to the fact that people still like a
simple adventure story.
60
2. chartered a. ???,???
1)?????????????????????? 2)??????????
????

1. They spent their annual holiday on a chartered
   yacht in the Caribbean.
2. He is a chartered accountant.

61
3. steerv.??,????
1)???????,??????? 2)??????????????????
????
1)He took her arm and steered her towards the
door. 2) he managed to steer the conversation
away from his divorce.
62
4. out of tune??
????????????
????
Someone in the choir is singing out of tune.
63
5. highlight n. ???? v. ??
1) ??????????????????? 2) ??????????????????
????
1)One of the highlights of the trip was seeing
the Taj Mahal. 2)The report highlights the major
problems facing society today.
64
6. realmn. ??,??
????????,???????????
????
At the end of the speech, he seemed to be moving
into the realms of fantasy.
65
Vocabulary Tests
Test I
Test II
66
Test I (1)
Complete the following sentences with the words
given below. Change the form when
necessary. stack realm veil liter mist
overhead fluent gallery brass lump
1. Im sorry I cant come tonight because Ive
got a _____ of things to do. 2. The early
morning _____ had lifted by breakfast time,
giving us a magnificent view over the lake. 3.
She was _____ in her own language by the age two,
and in French by the time she was five.
67
Test I (2)
stack realm veil liter mist overhead
fluent gallery brass lump
4. There are a couple of contemporary art _____
in the city that are worth visiting. 5. I think
this room would be better lit if it had _____
lights, as well as table lamps. 6. Some dramatic
successes in the _____ of foreign policy marked
the last six years of his time in office. 7. The
door handles were made of _____ and needed
cleaning regularly.
68
Test I (3)
stack realm veil liter mist overhead
fluent gallery brass lump
8. The sight of the soft green hills of her
homeland brought a _____ to her throat. 9. The
Muslin women were dressed in black _____ that
covered everything but the eyes. 10. Her new car
got a 6-_____ engine and a top speed of 155mph .
69
Test II (1)
Fill in the blanks with the phrases or
expressions given below. Change the form where
necessary. switch on stare at hold up
play with catch up annoy at load with
lean on reach out gaze into
1. Charlotte was _____ finding me asleep instead
of working. 2. She sat and _____ the distance,
lost in thought. 3. He _____ the electric heater
to warm up the room. 4. My father is upstairs
_____ his new toy ------ hes bought a new
computer. 5. Shes staying late a the office to
_____ with some reports.
70
Test II (2)
switch on stare at hold up play
with catch up annoy at load with
lean on reach out gaze into
6. He _____ his hand _____ for the money. 7.
Dont _____ people like that, you might upset
them. 8. A van ______ newspapers arrived at the
gate. 9. We will have to heavily ______ our
parents for financial support in future. 10. The
traffic ______ by an accident.
71
Key to tests
Keys to test I.
1. stack 2.
mist 3. fluent 4.
galleries 5. overhead
6. realm 7. brass
8. lump 9. veil
10. liter
Keys to test II.
1. annoyed at 2. gazed
into 3. switch on 4.
playing with 5. catch up
6. reached out 7. stare at
8. loaded with 9. lean on
10. was held up
72
Section C
A Hard Job to Come By
73
Reading Comprehension (1)
Choose the best answer to each of the following
questions.

• You could feel sorry for Mr. Torres, who is
  blind_____.
• A. from birth B. due to some eye disease
• C. due to a swelling of the nerve
• 2. What made matter worse was that five years
  ago_____.
• A. he was nearly killed in a car accident
• B. his beloved dog was killed when trying to
  save him
• C. he couldnt save his beloved fog because
  he was blind

74
Reading comprehension (2)
3. It turned out that the Bronx municipal
Hospital Center found Mr. Terress work _____.
A. unacceptable B. acceptable C. very
satisfying 4. What supports each day to do such
a demanding job? A. Making 20,000 a year.
B. his motivation. C. his determination to do
something out of ordinary.
75
Reference for comprehension Questions
1. C 2. B 3. C
4. B