STAR Testing

1
STAR Testing

• Science Review
• 4th and 5th Grade Standards

2
4th Grade Standards

• Life Sciences
• All organisms need energy matter to live and
  grow.
• Living organisms depend on one another for
  survival.
• Physical Sciences - Electricity and Magnetism
• Earth Sciences
• Waves, wind, water, and ice shape and reshape the
  Earths land surface.

3
4th Grade Life Science All organisms need
energy and matter to live and grow.

• Plants are the primary source of matter and
  energy.
• Plants take energy from the sun, water, and
  carbon dioxide, and by the process of
  photosynthesis, they make food, oxygen and energy.

4
4th Grade Life Science All organisms need
energy and matter to live and grow.

• Primary consumers eat plants
• Herbivores (first level consumers) are animals
  that eat plants
• Second and third level consumers are animals that
  eat other animals
• Carnivores

5
4th Grade Life Science All organisms need
energy and matter to live and grow.

• Decomposers recycle matter from dead plants and
  animals
• Break down dead plants and animals (example
  termites)
• Most microorganisms, including bacteria, are
  harmless
• to humans.

6
4th Grade Life Science All organisms need
energy and matter to live and grow.

• Competition
• Organisms may compete for food, water, sunlight,
  and shelter.
• Sharing Resources
• Many different organisms can use the same
  resource at the same time.
• Symbiosis
• A mutually beneficial relationship between
  different kinds of organisms.

7
4th Grade Life Science All organisms need
energy and matter to live and grow.

• Adaptations
• How are desert organisms adapted to a dry
  climate?
• Desert plants and animals have special
  adaptations that allow them to survive in a harsh
  environment.

8
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Electricity
• How to design and build a series and parallel
  circuit
• A series circuit only has one path for moving
  charges when the path is broken, the energy
  cant flow.
• A parallel circuit has two or more paths for
  moving charges.

9
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Electricity
• Electrical energy can be converted to heat,
  light, and motion
• The heat given off when something is plugged in
• Flashlights
• Fans

10
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Electricity
• Electrically charged objects attract or repel
  each other
• 2 balloons rubbed with a piece of wool will have
  the same (like) electrical charge.
• The balloons will move away from each other
  because like charges repel each other

11
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Magnetism
• The space near a magnet where magnetic forces act
  is called the magnetic field
• Magnets have opposite poles at each end, and
  unlike poles attract like poles repel

12
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Magnetism
• How to create a simple compass and how to use it.
  
• A needle or some other wire-like piece of steel
  (a straight paper clip, for example)
• Something small that floats (a piece of cork, the
  bottom of a Styrofoam coffee cup, a piece of
  plastic or a milk jug cap)
• A dish, like a pie plate, 9 to 12 in diameter,
  with about an inch of water in it

• The first step is to turn the needle into a
  magnet. The easiest
• way to do this is with another magnet -- stroke
  the magnet along
• the needle 10 or 20 times.

13
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Magnetism

Place your float in the middle of your dish of
water as shown below. The "float on water"
technique is an easy way to create a nearly
frictionless bearing. Center your magnetic needle
on the float. It very slowly will point toward
north. You have created a compass!
14
4th Grade Physical Science Electricity and
Magnetism

• Magnetism
• Electromagnetism
• Wires carrying an electric current become
  magnets.
• An electromagnet is a core wrapped with wires
  that carry current.
• The ends of the electromagnet are magnetic only
  when there is current in the wire.
• Generators use electromagnets to produce current
  (electricity) from motion.
• Motors use electromagnets to convert electricity
  to motion.

15
Earth ScienceRocks and Minerals

• Mohs hardness scale
• 1 is the softest (talc)
• 10 is the hardest (diamond)
• Everything else is in between them.
• Seashells can be found within sedimentary rock.
• Scientists only use hardness, luster, and streak
  when classifying minerals.

16
Earth ScienceWaves, wind, water, and ice shape
and reshape Earths land surface

• Erosion is the process that picks up sediment and
  moves it around.
• Moving water erodes landforms, reshaping the land
• Deposition is the process that leaves sediment in
  a different place.
• Remains or traces of past life found in the crust
  are called fossils.

17
5th Life Science

• Plants and animals have structures for
  respiration, digestion, waste disposal, and
  transport of materials.
• Plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) and energy from
  sunlight to build molecules of sugar and release
  oxygen
• cells break down sugar to obtain energy, a
  process resulting in carbon dioxide (CO2) and
  water (respiration).

18
5th Life Science

• Plants and animals have structures for
  respiration, digestion, waste disposal, and
  transport of materials.
• There are two ways in which materials can get in
  and out of the cells.
• Passive transport doesnt require energy, water
  can go in and out of the cells by osmosis.
• Water diffuses in and out of the cell
• Diffusion is when molecules move from an area of
  high concentration to an area of less
  concentration. (example egg and vinegar)

19
5th Life Science

• Animals have structures for respiration,
  digestion, waste disposal, and transport of
  materials.
• Respiration Is the process in which organism
  get the oxygen they need and release carbon
  dioxide.
• Organisms break down sugars to obtain energy
  they need.

20
5th Life Science

• Animals have structures for respiration,
  digestion, waste disposal, and transport of
  materials.
• Circulatory system
• Blood circulates through the heart, lungs and
  body
• Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart from the
  lungs by the pulmonary vein
• The heart pumps the blood to the body. Arteries
  take blood to all the cells in your body.
• Vein bring back blood to the heart. Blood has
  waste material (carbon dioxide)
• The pulmonary arteries take blood back to the
  lungs.

21
5th Life Science

• Animals have structures for respiration,
  digestion, waste disposal, and transport of
  materials.
• The excretory system is in charge of the liquid
  waste disposal
• The kidney is the organ that is in charge of
  removing cellular waste from the blood.

22
5th Life Science

• Animals have structures for respiration,
  digestion, waste disposal, and transport of
  materials.
• In the digestive system food is broken down and
  digested to be used as energy
• The process starts in the mouth where food is
  broken down by saliva, then it transported to
  the stomach by the esophagus.
• In the stomach food continues to brake down by
  digestive juices.
• In the small intestine the nutrients are
  absorbed.
• The remains are then sent to the large intestine
  where waste is disposed and water is absorbed.

23
5th Grade Physical Science

• Elements and their combinations account for all
  the varied types of matter in the world
• Matter has three states Solid, liquid and gas
• gaseous substances can change both shape and
  volume
• water changes from a solid to a liquid when ice
  is freezing
• water changes from a liquid to a gas when it is
  boiling
• All matter is made out atoms

24
5th Grade Physical Science

• Elements and their combinations account for all
  the varied types of matter in the world
• All matter is made out atoms
• Atoms ? can NOT be reduced chemically into
  anything smaller
• Atoms ? can be rearranged in a chemical reaction
• Atoms ?can NOT go away or just appear

25
5th Grade Physical Science

• Elements and their combinations account for all
  the varied types of matter in the world
• Salt
• can be dissolved in water
• combining an acid and a base forms water and a
  salt
• Mixtures
• Combination of 2 or more substances that do NOT
  chemically bond with each other
• Compounds
• two or more elements together (think compound
  word or rearranging letters in the alphabet)
• the variety of compounds in the human body are
  formed as the 6 elements that are used as the
  building blocks / the atoms are organized to
  form different molecules

26
5th Grade Physical Science

• Elements and their combinations account for all
  the varied types of matter in the world
• Elements
• Are made of just one kind of atoms
• The Periodic Table contain elements with similar
  chemical properties
• single elements are listed on the table
• steel is a mixture of two elements on the
  table/aka alloy

27
5th Grade Earth Science

• Water on Earth moves between the oceans and land
  through the processes of evaporation and
  condensation.
• Water vapor must cool and condense around dust
  particles for clouds to form
• Rain falls when water droplets grow large enough
  to fall to the ground
• Most of the water on Earth is in the oceans and,
  therefore, is saltwater
• Water condenses in clouds. The condensed water
  then forms raindrops, which fall back to Earth as
  precipitation.
• Drinking water can be stored in reservoirs for
  year-round
• As water evaporates, the salt is left behind.
  Because the lake is smaller than the ocean,
  similar evaporation rates would leave
  significantly less water in the lake, making it
  saltier.

28
Earth Science The Water Cycle
29
Earth Science Weather/Air Pressure

• Air pressure decreases as the distance from
  Earths surface increases
• Uneven heating of Earth causes winds
• Weather maps are used to make predictions over a
  short time period
• Heat from the warm water provides energy for a
  hurricane to develop and moist air conditions are
  also necessary
• Atmospheric pressure decreases as an object moves
  away from the surface of Earth. (example a
  weather balloon released rises into the air
  gets bigger, as the gas inside expands