Unit 11 All About Food

1
Unit 11 All About Food
2

• Text A
• Conversation What are you going to get?
• Text B
• Chinese cuisine Hot pot
• Exercises

3
Language Learning

• Three friends, Ann, Rita and Peter, are having
  dinner together at a restaurant. They are looking
  
• at the menu and
• trying to decide
• what to order.

4

• Rita So many things look good.. What are you
  going to get, Ann?
• Ann I dont know yet. Im trying to get back in
  shape, so I should stay away from the
  carbohydrates, especially in the evenings.
• Rita So, no bread or pasta for you tonight!
• Peter Im strictly a meat-and-potatoes person.
  Ill probably get the steak sandwich. What about
  you, Rita?

5

• Rita Actually I dont eat meat. Im a
  vegetarian. And I probably cant have the soup
  because they usually make soup with chicken or
  beef.
• Peter Oh, you dont eat meat. But you cant even
  eat something with chicken broth? That must be
  hard for you!
• Rita Not really. You get used to it.

6

• Peter But how do you manage to get protein and
  vitamins and minerals?
• Rita Theres actually plenty of protein in
  vegetable sources, especially things like beans
  and tofu. And plants are full of vitamins and
  minerals.

7

• Peter But dont you miss the flavor and variety
  of meat and fish?
• Ann Flavor and variety? Ha! I bet youve never
  been to one of Ritas dinner parties! Trust me,
  if you could cook like she can, you wouldnt miss
  meat at all.
• Rita Thats sweet of you to say, Ann.
• Peter Really? So, next time when we get
  together, why dont you cook for us? Ill bring a
  dessert.

8

• Ann And Ill bring the wine.
• Rita Well, sure. I love cooking for people. What
  should we have?
• Ann Something vegetarian of course, but really
  interesting and flavorful.
• Peter And low-fat and low-carbohydrate.
• Rita Hmmm, maybe some kind of Thai curry, and we
  can go easy on the coconut milk and the rice.
• Peter Oh, wow, thats great. I cant wait.

9

• Waiter So, have you decided?
• Ann Weve decided about dinner sometime in the
  next few weeks, but not about dinner today.
• Peter Could you give us a few more minutes?
• Waiter Sure. Ill be back in a few minutes.
• Rita So, about dessert
• Peter Wait, we havent figured out appetizers
  yet!

10
Language Learning

• Three friends, Ann, Rita and Peter, are having
  dinner together at a restaurant. They are looking
  
• at the menu and
• trying to decide
• what to order.

11

• They are looking at the menu and trying to decide
  what to order.
• menu n. a list of the food that you can eat in
  a restaurant ?? e.g.
• The waiter brought the menu and the wine list.
• order v. to ask for something to be made,
  supplied or delivered , especially in a
  restaurant or shop ?? e.g.
• I ordered some pasta and a mixed salad.
• There are no shirts left in this size but we
  could order one for you.

12
??

• Three friends, Ann, Rita and Peter, are having
  dinner together at a restaurant. They are looking
  at the menu and trying to decide what to order.
• ?,?????????????????????????,???????

13

• Rita So many things look good.. What are you
  going to get, Ann?
• Ann I dont know yet. Im trying to get back in
  shape, so I should stay away from the
  carbohydrates, especially in the evenings.
• Rita So, no bread or pasta for you tonight!
• Peter Im strictly a meat-and-potatoes person.
  Ill probably get the steak sandwich. What about
  you, Rita?

14

• So many things look good.
• so many things many??????
• look good ????? (lookadj.????)
• Conversation
• -- What are you going to get?
• -- I dont know yet.

15

• Im trying to get back in shape, so I should stay
  away from the carbohydrates, especially in the
  evenings.
• get back in shape
• stay away from
• carbohydrate
• especially

16

• in shape fit ??????????
• get back in shape ????
• e.g. Youll never be in shape until you eat less
  and take more exercise.
• She runs six miles every day to help keep
  herself in shape.

17

• stay away from ?? e.g.
• They told him to stay away from these people.
• Stay back, demanded my wife. Stay away from
  us. 

18

• especially adv. very much particularly for a
  particular reason??? e.g.
• She's not especially interested in sport.
• I chose this especially for your new house.

19

• no bread or pasta for you tonight
• or?????,??????,?????"?? At that time I had no
  food or money. ?????,?????? The baby can't cry or
  smile. ????????????
• pasta noun U ,a food made from flour, water
  and sometimes egg which is cooked and usually
  served with a sauce. It is made in various shapes
  which have different names ??????????

20

• Im strictly a meat-and-potatoes person. Ill
  probably get the steak sandwich.
• strictly adj. ???
• a meat-and-potatoes person a person who like to
  eat meat and potatoes e.g.
• a coffee-and-cream person/ a tea person
• steak sandwich ?????

21

• Rita So many things look good. What are you
  going to get, Ann?
• ???????????????????,??
• Ann I dont know yet. Im trying to get back in
  shape, so I should stay away from the
  carbohydrates, especially in the evenings.
• ??????????????,??????????,???????

22

• Rita So, no bread or pasta for you tonight!
• ????,????????????????
• Peter Im strictly a meat-and-potatoes person.
  Ill probably get the steak sandwich. What about
  you, Rita?
• ????????????????????????????????,???

23

• Rita Actually I dont eat meat. Im a
  vegetarian. And I probably cant have the soup
  because they usually make soup with chicken or
  beef.
• Peter Oh, you dont eat meat. But you cant even
  eat something with chicken broth? That must be
  hard for you!
• Rita Not really. You get used to it.

24

• Actually I dont eat meat. Im a vegetarian.
• actually adv. used in speaking to emphasize a
  fact or a comment, or that something is really
  true??,???,???
• vegetarian n. a person who does not eat meat for
  health or religious reasons or because they want
  to avoid being cruel to animals ("veggie" for
  short)
• Of the four million people who have become
  vegetarians in Britain, nearly two-thirds are
  women.

25

• And I cant have the soup because they usually
  make soup with chicken or beef.
• because????????

26

• But you cant even eat something with chicken
  broth?
• ??even???????????????,??????,????,??????even?
  ???????,??????????????????,even???????????????????
  Even John doesnt go out in the summer(so certai
  nly nobody else does).??????????(???????????)
• John doesnt even go out in the summer (
  so he certainly does nothing else).
  ????????????(??????????????)

27

• chicken broth ??
• broth n. a thin soup,
• often with vegetables
• or rice in it ??

28

• Conversation
• --That must be hard for you.
• --Not really. You get used to it.
• must????
• you??????????,???????

29

• Rita Actually I dont eat meat. Im a
  vegetarian. And I probably cant have the soup
  because they usually make soup with chicken or
  beef.
• Peter Oh, you dont eat meat. But you cant even
  eat something with chicken broth? That must be
  hard for you!
• Rita Not really. You get used to it.
• ?????????,??????????????????,?????????????
• ???,????,?????????????????????
• ???????,???????

30

• Peter But how do you manage to get protein and
  vitamins and minerals?
• Rita Theres actually plenty of protein in
  vegetable sources, especially things like beans
  and tofu. And plants are full of vitamins and
  minerals.

31

• But how do you manage to get protein and vitamins
  and minerals?
• manage v. to succeed in doing something,
  especially something difficult e.g.
• Did you manage to get any bread?
• I only just managed to finish on time.
• protein ???
• vitamins ?????
• minerals ?????
• e.g. A healthy diet should supply all necessary
  vitamins and minerals.

32

• Theres actually plenty of protein in vegetable
  sources, especially things like beans and tofu.
• plenty of ???
• Plenty(the state of having) enough or more than
  enough, or a large amount
• "Would you like some more wine?" "No thanks,
  I've had plenty."
• Don't grab at the balloons, children - there are
  plenty for everyone.
• We've got plenty of time before we need to leave
  for the airport.
• They've always had plenty of money.

33

• vegetable sources ??
• things like... ?like???,????
• beans ??
• e.g green beans ??
• tofu ??

34

• Peter But how do you manage to get protein and
  vitamins and minerals?
• Rita Theres actually plenty of protein in
  vegetable sources, especially things like beans
  and tofu. And plants are full of vitamins and
  minerals.
• ?????????????????????
• ?????????????,??????????????????????

35

• Peter But dont you miss the flavor and variety
  of meat and fish?
• Ann Flavor and variety? Ha! I bet youve never
  been to one of Ritas dinner parties! Trust me,
  if you could cook like she can, you wouldnt miss
  meat at all.
• Rita Thats sweet of you to say, Ann.
• Peter Really? So, next time when we get
  together, why dont you cook for us? Ill bring a
  dessert.

36

• But dont you miss the flavor and variety of meat
  and fish?
• dont you miss...???????
• flavor n. ??,?? e.g.
• lack of flavor ??,???
• variety n. the characteristic of often changing
  and being different
• When preparing meals, you need to think about
  variety and taste as well as nutritional value.
• Work on the production line is monotonous and
  lacks variety.

37

• I bet youve never been to one of Ritas dinner
  parties!
• I bet(informal) If you say you bet (someone)
  that something is true or will happen, you mean
  you are certain that it is true or will happen
• I bet you (that) she's missed the bus.
• I bet (that) he won't come.

38

• Trust me, if you could cook like she can, you
  wouldnt miss meat at all.
• trust v.?? e.g.
• My husband trusts me and I don't intend to break
  that trust.  ???????,????????????
• ???????????? could/ wouldn't
• notat all????,????

39

• Thats sweet of you to say so, Ann.
• It/ That be adj of sb to do sth
• Its nice of you to help.
• Its generous of you to offer so much financial
  support.

40

• So, next time when we get together, why dont you
  cook for us? Ill bring a dessert.
• get together ??
• why dont you...????
• dessert n. sweet food eaten at the end of a meal
  ?? e.g. a dessert fork/spoon
• For dessert there's apple pie, cheesecake or
  fruit.

41

• Peter But dont you miss the flavor and variety
  of meat and fish?
• Ann Flavor and variety? Ha! I bet youve never
  been to one of Ritas dinner parties! Trust me,
  if you could cook like she can, you wouldnt miss
  meat at all.
• ??????????????????????
• ????????!?????????????????????,???????????,??????
  ????

42

• Rita Thats sweet of you to say, Ann.
• Peter Really? So, next time when we get
  together, why dont you cook for us? Ill bring a
  dessert.
• ????????,??
• ????????????????,????????????????

43

• Ann And Ill bring the wine.
• Rita Well, sure. I love cooking for people. What
  should we have?
• Ann Something vegetarian of course, but really
  interesting and flavorful.
• Peter And low-fat and low-carbohydrate.
• Rita Hmmm, maybe some kind of Thai curry, and we
  can go easy on the coconut milk and the rice.
• Peter Oh, wow, thats great. I cant wait.

44

• Well, sure. I love cooking for people.
• sure????,???????????????????,??????,???yes
  ?certainly???
• Are you going with us? ?????????
• Sure. ????
• love cooking
• e.g. -ing verb I love skiing .

45

• Conversation
• What should we have?
• Something vegetarian of course, but really
  interesting and flavorful.
• flavorful adj. ????

46

• And low-fat and low-carbohydrate.
• low-fat adj. containing only a small amount of
  fat ?? e.g.
• a low-fat diet ????
• low-fat yoghurt/cheese
• low-carbohydrate Low-carbohydrate diets or
  low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict
  carbohydrate consumption usually for weight
  control or for the treatment of obesity(??).

47

• maybe some kind of Thai curry, and we can go
  easy on the coconut milk and the rice.
• Thai curry ???? (Thailand ??)
• Go easy on to not take or use too much of
  something e.g.
• Go easy on/with the cream - I haven't had any
  yet.
• coconut milk ??

48

• Ann And Ill bring the wine.
• Rita Well, sure. I love cooking for people. What
  should we have?
• Ann Something vegetarian of course, but really
  interesting and flavorful.
• ???????
• ???,????????????????????
• ??????,???????????

49

• Peter And low-fat and low-carbohydrate.
• Rita Hmmm, maybe some kind of Thai curry, and we
  can go easy on the coconut milk and the rice.
• Peter Oh, wow, thats great. I cant wait.
• ????????????????
• ???,????????,????????????
• ???,?,????,???????

50

• Waiter So, have you decided?
• Ann Weve decided about dinner sometime in the
  next few weeks, but not about dinner today.
• Peter Could you give us a few more minutes?
• Waiter Sure. Ill be back in a few minutes.
• Rita So, about dessert
• Peter Wait, we havent figured out appetizers
  yet!

51

• conversation
• Could you give us a few more minutes?
• Sure. Ill be back in a few minutes.
• could you give us????,sure?????
• a few more minutes?,a few????????more

52

• Wait, we havent figured out appetizers yet!
• figure out to finally understand something or
  someone, or find the solution to a problem after
  a lot of thought
• I can't figure out why he did it.
• I find him really odd - I can't figure him out
  at all.
• Can you figure out the answer to question 5?
• appetizer n. a small amount of food eaten before
  a meal ??? e.g.
• At 630, everyone gathered for drinks and
  appetizers in the lounge.

53

• Waiter So, have you decided?
• Ann Weve decided about dinner sometime in the
  next few weeks, but not about dinner today.
• Peter Could you give us a few more minutes?
• ????????????????
• ??????????????,??????????
• ??????????????

54

• Waiter Sure. Ill be back in a few minutes.
• Rita So, about dessert
• Peter Wait, we havent figured out appetizers
  yet!
• ??????,????????
• ????????
• ????,?????????????!

55
Idiomatic Study at the restaurant

• Eating out is fun and exciting. It allows one to
  experience new taste sensations. There are any
  number of expression you are likely to encounter
  at a restaurant. Below are just a few of them.

56

• Ordering food
• A Would you like to order now? (Are you ready to
  order?)
• B Yes. Ill have the shrimp cocktail to start.
• A What would you like for your main course?
• B Ill have a sirloin steak, medium rare.
• A May I take your order?
• B Yes. Id like a cup of onion soup.
• A Have you decided what you'd like?
• B Yes. Ill have tomato juice and the lamb
  chops, well-done, please.

57

• Offering food
• A Please have another sandwich.
• B Thank you, but I really cant eat any more.
• A Youre going to have dessert, arent you?
• B Well, Ill join you if youre having
  something.

58

• A Youll finish the chicken, wont you?
• B No, thank you. Im trying to cut down.
• A Would you like some more soup?
• B No, thank you. Its delicious, but Ive had
  enough.
• A Help yourself to some fish.
• B Thank you.

59

• Complaining about food
• A This steak is still bloody. Could you have the
  chef cook it a little more?
• B Right away, maam.
• A This isnt what I ordered. I wanted a sandwich
  and you gave me meat loaf?
• B Im so sorry, sir. Its my first day and Im
  still a little confused.

60

• Thank you!

61
Text B Chinese Cuisine Hot Pot
62
Getting started

• cuisine the practice or manner of preparing food
  or the food so prepared ??
• Chinese cuisine(???)
• Traditionally there are eight main regional
  cuisines, or Eight Great Traditions (????)
  Anhui, Cantonese, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangsu,
  Shandong, Sichuan and Zhejiang.

63
Main idea

• Passage 1the popularity and process of hot pot
• Passage 2 history of hot pot
• Passage 3 the material and fuel of hot pot
• Passage 4-5 the ingredients of hot pot

64
Detailed-reading Para. 1

• In winter, people like to eat food that instantly
  warms their bodies and lifts their spirits. For
  that, the hot pot is a delicious and hearty
  choice. Families or groups of friends sit around
  a table and eat from a steaming pot in the
  middle, cooking and drinking and chatting. Eating
  hot pot is not a passive activity diners must
  select prepared raw food from plates scattered
  around the table, place them in the pot, wait for
  them to cook, fish them out of the soup, dip them
  in the preferred sauce, and then eat them hot,
  fresh, and tender.

65

• In winter, people like to eat food that instantly
  warms their bodies and lifts their spirits.
• instantly adv. immediately
• E.g. Both drivers were killed instantly.
• warm their bodies
• lift their spirits to make them happier
• e.g. Nothing - not even the prospect of dinner -
  could lift his spirits.

66

• For that, the hot pot is a delicious and hearty
  choice.
• for that ??????
• delicious adj. ???
• hearty adj. enthusiastic,
• energetic, and often loudly
• expressed E.g.
• a hearty welcome / a hearty laugh

67

• Families or groups of friends sit around a table
  and eat from a steaming pot in the middle,
  cooking and drinking and chatting.
• a steaming pot steaming???????
• cooking and drinking and chatting
  ?????????,???families or groups of friends?????

68

• Eating hot pot is not a passive activity diners
  must select prepared raw food from plates
  scattered around the table fish them out of the
  soup, dip them in the preferred sauce, and then
  eat them hot, fresh, and tender.
• passive adj. not acting to influence or change a
  situation allowing other people to be in control
  ??? E.g. Hes very passive in the relationship.
  
• In spite of my efforts the boy remained passive.
  

69

• diners must select prepared raw food from plates
  scattered around the table
• prepared ???????,??food,????
• raw adj. ??
• She makes use of people she meets as raw
  material for her fiction.  ????????????????????
• Do you want your vegetables cooked or raw? 
  ????????????
• scattered around the table?????????plates????

70

• fish them out of the soup fish???
• dip then in the preferred sauce
• dip v. to put something into a liquid for a short
  time e.g.
• She dipped her toe into the pool to see how cold
  it was.
• Dip the fish in the batter(????), then drop it
  into the hot oil.
• preferred ???????,????
• sauce n. ??,??

71

• and then eat them hot, fresh, and tender
• hot, fresh, tender???????????them???
• tenderadj. easy to cut or chew ?? e.g.
• My steak was
• beautifully tender.

72

• In winter, people like to eat food that instantly
  warms their bodies and lifts their spirits. For
  that, the hot pot is a delicious and hearty
  choice. Families or groups of friends sit around
  a table and eat from a steaming pot in the
  middle, cooking and drinking and chatting.
• ??,??????????????????????,????????????????????,??
  ?????????????,?????,???????

73

• Eating hot pot is not a passive activity diners
  must select prepared raw food from plates
  scattered around the table, place them in the
  pot, wait for them to cook, fish them out of the
  soup, dip them in the preferred sauce, and then
  eat them hot, fresh, and tender.
• ???????????????????????????????,???????,?????,???
  ???,????????????,????????????????

74
Para. 2

• The hot pot has a long history in China. It
  originated in the north, where people have to
  fend off the chill. It spread to the south during
  the Tang dynasty (A.D. 618-906). Later, northern
  nomads who settled in China enhanced the pot with
  beef and mutton, and southerners did the same
  with seafood. In the Qing dynasty, the hot pot
  became popular throughout the whole area of
  China.

75

• It originated in the north, where people have to
  fend off the chill.
• where??????????
• originate
• fend off
• chill

76

• originate v. to come from a particular place,
  time, situation, etc e.g.
• Although the technology originated in the UK, it
  has been developed in the US.
• The quarrel originates in misunderstanding. 

77

• fend sb off to push or send away an attacker or
  other unwanted person e.g.
• He managed to fend off his attackers with a
  stick.
• She spent the entire evening fending off unwanted
  admirers.
• chill n. ??,??,??
• The sight sent a chill to her heart.  ????????
• There was a chill in the air this morning. 
  ???????????

78

• Later, northern nomads who settled in China
  enhanced the pot with beef and mutton, and
  southerners did the same with seafood.
• who settled in China??????nomads(????)
• settle
• enhance

79

• Settle v. to go and live somewhere, especially
  permanently
• E.g. After they got married, they settled in
  Brighton.
• Enhance v. to improve the quality, amount or
  strength of something
• E.g. These scandals will not enhance the
  organization's reputation.
• Health enhances beauty.

80

• southerners did the same with seafood.
• southerner n. ???
• did the same???????enhanced the pot
• Seafood ??

81

• In the Qing dynasty, the hot pot became popular
  throughout the whole area of China.
• dynasty n. ??
• Throughout prep. in every part, or during the
  whole period of time E.g.
• People throughout the country are out of work.
• He yawned throughout the performance.
• The school has been repainted throughout.

82

• ??
• ?????????,???????????,???(??618-906)?????????,????
  ?????????????,???????,?????????????????????????

83
Para. 3

• The pot itself is usually ceramic or metal. In
  the past, charcoal was the fuel of choice.
  Nowadays people use mostly gas or electricity for
  this purpose only the most nostalgic use
  charcoal. The soup stock is prepared well
  beforehand and is made by boiling beef, pork, or
  chicken bones. The sauces are also pre-prepared,
  with most consisting of soy sauce, vinegar, and
  hot pepper. Some people like to beat a fresh egg,
  or just the white of it, into the sauce.

84

• The pot itself is usually ceramic or metal.
• ceramic adj.???, ????
• e.g. the ceramic industry ???, ??
• metal n. ??,??
• e.g. Copper and gold are both metals.  ????????

85

• In the past, charcoal was the fuel of choice.
• in the past ??
• Charcoal n. ??
• fuel n. ??
• of choice adj. ???,???

86

• Nowadays people use mostly gas or electricity for
  this purpose only the most nostalgic use
  charcoal.
• gas ???
• electricity ?
• for this purpose ????
• nostalgic
• the use of a semicolon ??

87

• Nostalgic adj.???, ??? e.g.
• I get very nostalgic when I watch these old
  musical on TV.
• The English are a deeply nostalgic people and
  value customs and traditions above almost
  everything.
• nostalgia n.

88

• the use of a semicolon ?????
• To Connect Two Independent Clausese.g. Twelve
  workers started the project only five remain.
• You don't use a semicolon to connect two complete
  sentences if there's a conjunction between the
  clauses (and, but, etc.). In that case, use a
  comma. Example Twelve workers started the
  project, and only five remain.

89

• The soup stock is prepared well beforehand and is
  made by boiling beef, pork, or chicken bones.
• soup stock ??
• beforehand adv. ??,??
• He arrived at the meeting place beforehand. 
  ??????????
• boiling ??????beef, pork or chicken bones

90

• The sauces are also pre-prepared, with most
  consisting of soy sauce, vinegar, and hot pepper.
  Some people like to beat a fresh egg, or just the
  white of it, into the sauce.
• pre-prepared ??????,??pre-?????,?pre-war,
  pre-1919.
• consist of ???

91

• soy sauce ??
• vinegar ?
• hot pepper ??
• beat a fresh egg into the sauce ??????????
• just the white of it (the egg) ??

92

• with most consisting of ??withpron.???????with?
  ?
• with ??,??with?? ????????,????????????,?????
  ????????????????????????(?????????)????????????
• with??????????????

93

• The pot itself is usually ceramic or metal. In
  the past, charcoal was the fuel of choice.
  Nowadays people use mostly gas or electricity for
  this purpose only the most nostalgic use
  charcoal.
• ????,??????????????,???????????,??????????????,??
  ???????????

94

• The soup stock is prepared well beforehand and is
  made by boiling beef, pork, or chicken bones. The
  sauces are also pre-prepared, with most
  consisting of soy sauce, vinegar, and hot pepper,
  some people like to beat a fresh egg, or just the
  white of it, into the sauce.
• ??????,??????????????????????,???????????,????????
  ?????????????????????

95
Para. 4

• Meat, seafood, vegetables, tofu, and bean noodles
  are the most popular ingredients. Pork, beef, and
  chicken are often presented side by side mutton
  is less frequently used. Meat should not be
  cooked too long otherwise it will lose its
  tenderness.

96

• Meat, seafood, vegetables, tofu, and bean noodles
  are the most popular ingredients.
• the most popular ??????
• Ingredient ??, ?? e.g.
• Salt is a crucial ingredient in cooking.
• Flour and fat are the most important
  ingredient. 

97

• Pork, beef, and chicken are often presented side
  by side mutton is less frequently used.
• present v. ??
• side by side ??, ?? E.g.
• They walked side by side. 
• They lined up side by side for the photograph.
• less frequetly ??????

98

• Meat should not be cooked too long otherwise it
  will lose its tenderness.
• should ????????
• otherwise adv. ???, ?? e.g. Silently, otherwise
  go away.
• otherwise????

99

• otherwise ????,????????,??? or,or else ? if
  not .??
• Well go early,otherwise we may not get a
  seat.??????,??????????
• Seize the chance,otherwise you will regret it.
  ????,?????????
• We didnt know you were in trouble at that
  time,otherwise we would have given you a hand.
  ?????????????,???????????(????)

100

• otherwise ????,??????
• ?????????? differently ? in another way .??
• He evidently thinks otherwise.??????????
• She is otherwise engaged.??????
• ??????????? in other or different ways. ??
• The rent is high,but otherwise the house is
  satisfactory.????,???????????????
• He is noisy,but otherwise a nice
  boy.????,?????????????

101

• ?????????????? in the other way ? on the
  contrary .??
• He is guilty until proved otherwise.??????????????
  
• He reminded me of what I should otherwise have
  forgotten.???????,????????
• otherwise ?????,??????
• ???????????????? not as supposed ? in a
  different state .??
• The truth is quite otherwise.???????????
• Our struggle can not be otherwise than
  victorious.????????????

102

• Meat, seafood, vegetables, tofu, and bean noodles
  are the most popular ingredients. Pork, beef, and
  chicken are often presented side by side mutton
  is less frequently used. Meat should not be
  cooked too long otherwise it will lose its
  tenderness.
• ???????????????????????????????????????,??????????
  ??????,????????

103

• It's best for the meat to be cut as thin as
  paper, and that's why a sizable piece of meat
  often shrinks to a small bite after being boiled.
  Seafood usually includes shrimp, crab, oysters,
  clams, squid, cuttlefish, and fish fillet. To
  make sure the morsels do not drift away or sink
  to the bottom or hide somewhere, a strainer in
  which each diner can hold onto his or her
  delicacies is recommended.

104

• It's best for the meat to be cut as thin as
  paper, and that's why a sizable piece of meat
  often shrinks to a small bite after being boiled.
• for the meat to be cut ???????,meat?cut???????.
• after being boiledbeing boiled????????
• as thin as paper
• sizable
• shrink

105

• as thin as paper?????
• ??asas???
• as brave as a lion  ???????
• as fat as a pig  ????
• as busy as a bee ???????
• as timid as a hare  ???????
• as fierce as a tiger   ??????
• as stupid as a donkey  ?????
• as gentle as a lamb    ???????
• as steady as a rock    ????
• as sweet as honey      ?????

106

• sizable adj. ????, ?? e.g.
• A sizable sum of money.
• But if the order is a sizable one, we'll consider
  it. 
• Shrink v.??, ??, ?? e.g.
• All wood tends to shrink. 
• The market have shrink by 20. 

107

• Seafood usually includes shrimp, crab, oysters,
  clams, squid, cuttlefish, and fish fillet.
• seafood ??
• shrimp ?
• crab ??
• oyster ??,??
• clam ?
• squid ??
• cuttlefish ??
• fish fillet ??

108

• To make sure the morsels do not drift away or
  sink to the bottom or hide somewhere, a strainer
  in which each diner can hold onto his or her
  delicacies is recommended.
• ????,to make sure?????,a strainer is
  recommended?????,in which each diner can
  ???????strainer

109

• drift away ?? E.g. The sailors cast the boat
  off and allowed it to drift away on the tide. 
• sink to the bottom ????
• sink v. ??,??
• My feet sank into the mud.  ???????????
• somewhere ?? ??
• A Wouldnt you like to go to Disneyland or______?
  
• BId rather stay at home if thats all right with
   you.
• A somewhere  B nowherer 
• C anywhere  D everywhere

A
110

• Strainer?
• hold on to ??,??,?? e.g.
• I'd hold on to that house for the time being
  house prices are rising sharply at the moment. 
  ???????????, ??????????.
• delicacy n. ???? e.g. He provided local
  delicacies for his guests' meal.  ???????????????
• recommend v.??, ?? E.g.
• I recommend seafood salad. 
• Which do you recommend?

111
Translation

• It's best for the meat to be cut as thin as
  paper, and that's why a sizable piece of meat
  often shrinks to a small bite after being boiled.
  Seafood usually includes shrimp, crab, oysters,
  clams, squid, cuttlefish, and fish fillet.
• ?????????,????????????????????????????????????????
  ???

112

• To make sure the morsels do not drift away or
  sink to the bottom or hide somewhere, a strainer
  in which each diner can hold onto his or her
  delicacies is recommended.???????????????????,????
  ????????????????

113
Para. 5

• Popularly used vegetables are cabbage, spinach,
  turnip, green onions, celery, and lettuce.
  Lettuce is a special favorite among diners for
  its tender, crispy, and sweet nature. Fresh
  vegetables should be boiled only lightly.
  Mushrooms of various kinds, dried or fresh, are
  widely used, as are dried lily flowers. Bean curd
  and bean noodles serve as more than just fillers.

114

• Popularly used vegetables are cabbage, spinach,
  turnip, green onions, celery, and lettuce.
• ???
• cabbage ???
• spinach ??
• turnip ??,???
• green onion ?
• celery ??
• lettuce ??

115

• Lettuce is a special favorite among diners for
  its tender, crispy, and sweet nature.
• favorite n. a thing that someone likes best or
  enjoys most e.g. Apples are my favorites.
• for ????
• crispy adj. describes food that is hard enough to
  be broken easily ?? e.g. crispy fried duck. 
• nature n. ??

116

• Popularly used vegetables are cabbage, spinach,
  turnip, green onions, celery, and lettuce.
  Lettuce is a special favorite among diners for
  its tender, crispy, and sweet nature. Fresh
  vegetables should be boiled only lightly.
  Mushrooms of various kinds, dried or fresh, are
  widely used, as are dried lily flowers. Bean curd
  and bean noodles serve as more than just fillers.
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????,??????,?????????????????
  ??.

117

• They do not have much taste themselves, but they
  absorb the richness of the other ingredients.
  Bean noodles are usually cooked later to help
  finish up the soup. Some people put plain rice
  into the last of the soup to make porridge.
  Consistent with Chinese culinary thrift, nothing
  is wasted.

118

• They do not have much taste themselves, but they
  absorb the richness of the other ingredients.
• have taste ???
• absorb v. to take something in, especially
  gradually e.g. The drug is quickly absorbed into
  the bloodstream. / Our countryside is
  increasingly being absorbed by/into the large
  cities.

119

• Bean noodles are usually cooked later to help
  finish up the soup.
• noodle ??
• help finish up (help do sth. ?????)
• finish (sth) up to eat or drink all of what you
  are eating or drinking
• E.g. Finish up your dinner and you can have
  dessert.

120

• Some people put plain rice into the last of the
  soup to make porridge.
• plain adj. ?? not mixed with extraneous elements
  e.g.
• plain color ??
• He only eat plain rice. ?????
• Hes satisfied with only one bowl of plain
  noodle to eat.
• porridge n. ?

121

• Consistent with Chinese culinary thrift, nothing
  is wasted.
• Consistent adj. in agreement with other facts,
  or having the same principles as something else
  e.g.
• He is not consistent in his action.
• What you say is not consistent with what you do.
  
• culinary adj. ???,???
• thrift n. ??,?? thrifty adj.

122

• They do not have much taste themselves, but they
  absorb the richness of the other ingredients.
  Bean noodles are usually cooked later to help
  finish up the soup. Some people put plain rice
  into the last of the soup to make porridge.
  Consistent with Chinese culinary thrift, nothing
  is wasted.
• ?????????,???????????????????????????,????????????
  ????????????????????????,??????????

123
End of Text B
124

• Unit 11
• Text B
• Comprehension Questions

125

• 1. Which of the following is true about hot pot?
• A. Only in winter do people have hot pot.
• B. Eating hot pot involves a series of action.
• C. Hot pot is a good choice for warm weather.
• D. Food in the hot pot is eaten cool and fresh.

B
P1 In winter, people like to eat food that
instantly warms their bodies and lifts their
spirits. Eating hot pot is not a passive
activity diners must select prepared raw food ,
and then eat them hot, fresh, and tender.
126
B

• 2. We learn from paragraph 2 that ___________.
• A. it was people in South China that started
  eating hot pot
• B. hot pot hasnt become popular nationwide until
  Qing dynasty
• C. people began to put various types of meat at
  very beginning
• D. hot pot is only eaten by people who move from
  place to place

P2 It originated in the north, where people
have to fend off the chill. It spread to the
south during the Tang dynasty (A.D. 618-906).
Later, northern nomads who settled in China
enhanced the pot with beef and mutton, and
southerners did the same with seafood. In the
Qing dynasty, the hot pot became popular
throughout the whole area of China.
127

• 3. __________ is not the fuel of choice to make
  hot pot.
• A. gas
• B. electricity
• C. charcoal
• D. ceramic

D
P3 In the past, charcoal was the fuel of choice.
Nowadays people use mostly gas or electricity for
this purpose only the most nostalgic use
charcoal.
128

• 4. The writer suggests using a strainer to eat
  hot pot __________________.
• A. so that the food doesnt lose its tenderness
• B. so that the meat isnt cooked too long
• C. so that the meat doesnt become a small bite
• D. so that people can hold onto the food easily

D
P4 To make sure the morsels do not drift away or
sink to the bottom or hide somewhere, a strainer
in which each diner can hold onto his or her
delicacies is recommended.
129

• 5. Which is the right way to treat the different
  types of food in hot pot?
• A. Fresh vegetables should be boiled for a
  relatively long time.
• B. Only fresh mushrooms are used in hot pot.
• C. Plain rice can be put into the last of the
  soup to make porridge.
• D. Bean curd and bean noodle are no more than
  tasteful fillers in the hot pot.

C
P5 Fresh vegetables should be boiled only
lightly. Mushrooms of various kinds, dried or
fresh, are widely used, as are dried lily
flowers. Bean curd and bean noodles serve as more
than just fillers. Some people put plain rice
into the last of the soup to make porridge.
130
I. Conversation

• 1. Please help yourself to some seafood.
• _______________.
• A. No, I cant.
• B. Sorry, I cant help.
• C. Well, seafood dont suit.
• D. Thanks, but I dont like seafood.

D
131

• 2. Shall we have roast chicken or ham
  sandwich?
• _____________________.
• A. Id rather have beef stew.
• B. Sorry, I dont like neither.
• C. Certainly. Why not?
• D. Yes, I like these two.

A
132

• 3. Would you like another slice of
  Christmas cake?
• ___________. Im full.
• A. Yes, please. B. No more, thanks.
• C. Why not? D. Nothing more.

B
133

• 4. Are you ready to order, sir?
• _____________________.
• A. Im not sure.
• B. Sorry, not yet.
• C. Id rather order it now.
• D. No, I cant.

B
134

• 5. Would you like the baked potato with
  butter or sour cream or both?
• _______________, so only butter.
• A. That sounds good
• B. I like sour cream
• C. Sorry, Im on diet
• D. I dont care

C
135

• II. Reading Comprehension

136

• When having a meal, a European usually holds the
  knife in the right hand, and the fork in the
  left. He uses the knife and fork with his both
  hands. He keeps his knife and fork in his hands
  until he finishes eating.

137

• But an American, on the opposite, may use just
  one hand whenever possible and keep the other
  hand on his lap. He uses the fork in his right
  hand to pickup fried potatoes. When he has to cut
  his meat, he changes his fork to the left hand
  and cuts it. Then he puts down the knife and
  changes his fork to his right hand to pick up the
  sliced meat.

138

• Then, perhaps, he will suddenly think of his
  coffee or orange. So he has to put down his fork
  in order to drink his coffee or orange. Now you
  can see, an American is busy all the time at the
  dinner table. By the way, Europeans usually have
  their coffee after meals, but many Americans
  prefer to have coffee during the meal.

139

• If you are present at a formal dinner, you might
  be confused to find so many forks, knives and
  spoons put before you. You might be at a loss to
  know what to do with them. Dont worry. The rule
  is simple. You just use them in the order in
  which they lie, beginning from outside towards
  the plate. The small fork on the outside on the
  left is for salad.

140

• The spoon on the outside on the right is for
  soup. There is another little knife, called a
  butter spreader, on a bread-and-butter plate on
  the left. As the bread is passed, each guest
  helps himself and puts his pieces on the small
  plate. Next to the soup there will probably be
  the blunt knife for fish, which is smaller and
  blunter than other knives.

141

• 1. When do Europeans usually drink their coffee?
• A. Before meals.
• B. After meals.
• C. While they are having their meals.
• D. They never drink coffee when they eat.

B
P2 By the way, Europeans usually have their
coffee after meals, but many Americans prefer to
have coffee during the meal.
142

• 2. The right way to use the forks, knives and
  spoons is to use __________________.
• A. whichever you like when necessary
• B. them from the outside to the inside
• C. them from the inside to the outside
• D. them from the middle to both sides

B
P3 You just use them in the order in which they
lie, beginning from outside towards the plate.
143

• 3.The butter spreader is _____________.
• A. a fork B. a spoon
• C. a knife D. a plate

C
P3 There is another little knife, called a
butter spreader, on a bread-and-butter plate on
the left.
144

• 4. The spoon on the outside on the right is for
  _______________.
• A. soup B. salad
• C. butter D. chicken

A
P3 The spoon on the outside on the right is for
soup.
145

• 5. The best title for this passage is
  ___________________.
• A. Eating Habits in America.
• B. Eating Habits in Europe
• C. How to Use Forks, Knives and Spoons
• D. Dinning Customs of the West

D
146
Additional InformationBritish table manners

• The fork is held in your left hand and the knife
  is held in your right when used at the same time.
  
• You should hold your knife with the handle in
  your palm and your fork in the other hand.
• Food should be cut "one piece at a time" directly
  prior to eating, and then consumed. You may not
  "carve up" multiple pieces and then proceed to
  eat them.

147

• If youre eating a dessert, your fork (if you
  have one) should be held in the left hand and the
  spoon in the right.
• When eating soup, you should hold your spoon in
  your right hand and tip the bowl away from you,
  scooping the soup in movements away from
  yourself. The soup spoon should never be put into
  the mouth, and soup should be sipped from the
  side of the spoon, not the end.

148

• It is not acceptable to use your fingers to push
  food onto your fork, nor to handle most food
  items. Some foods such as fruit, bread,
  sandwiches or burgers may be eaten using fingers,
  and fingers are mandatory for eating some items,
  such as asparagus spears, which are traditionally
  served with sauce on the side for dipping.
• If there are a number of knives or forks, start
  from the outside set working your way in as each
  course is served.

149

• Drinks should always be to the right of the plate
  with the bread plate to the left.
• When eating bread rolls, break off a piece before
  buttering. Use your knife only to butter the
  bread, not to cut it.
• When finished, place the knife and fork together
  at six oclock with your fork on the left (tines
  facing up) and knife on the right, with the knife
  blade facing in. This signals that one has
  finished.

150
III. Vocabulary and Structure

• 1. My fish was delicious but Charles' beef had
  almost no ___________.
• A. sauce B. smell
• C. flavor D. appetite

C
151

• 2. Contrary to expectations, the film was
  successful _________ when it was released.
• A. currently B. fast
• C. readily D. instantly

D
152

• 3. Oil is an important __________ material which
  can be processed into many different products,
  including plastics.
• A. uncovered B. raw
• C. fresh D. crude

B
153

• 4. I knew she was coming that afternoon because
  she had phoned ___________ to say so.
• A. early B. beforehand
• C. afterward D. particularly

B
154

• 5. Youd better phone home right now, ___________
  your parents will start to worry.
• A. otherwise B. however
• C. despite D. therefore

A
155

• 6. No matter _____________, the little boy
  managed to round the sheep up and drive them back
  home safely.
• A. it was snowing hard
• B. hard it was snowing
• C. how it was snowing hard
• D. how hard it was snowing

D
156

• 7. The girl is __________ of a film star.
• A. somebody B. something
• C. anybody D. anything

B
157

• 8. I was satisfied with her explanation,
  ______________.
• A. so my classmates were
• B. so were my classmates
• C. so my classmates did
• D. so did my classmates

B
158

• 9. The dean of English Department requested that
  the visiting scholar ________ a lecture on
  Shakespeare.
• A. gave B. give
• C. would give D. had give

B
???????wish/suggest/ demand/ insist /request/
order?????????,???should???????should????????????
,?????????
159

• 10. I had my meals _________ when I was ill in
  bed with a bad cold.
• A. to bring B. bring
• C. brought D. bringing

C
160

• IV. Cloze

161

• Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of
  food people __1__. They say that there are
  several kinds of food that people should eat
  __2__, they are (1) green and yellow vegetables
  of all kinds (2) citrus (??) fruits and
  tomatoes (3) potatoes and other fruits and
  vegetables (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs
  (5) milk and foods made from milk (6) bread or
  cereal (??), rice is also in this kind of food
  (7) butter, or something __3__ butter.

162

• People in different countries and different areas
  of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods
  are prepared, cooked and eaten in many different
  ways. In some places people eat once or twice a
  day in other countries people eat three or four
  times a day. Scientists say that __4__ of these
  differences is really important.

163

• It doesnt matter whether foods are eaten __5__
  or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesnt matter if
  a person eats dinner at 4 oclock in the
  afternoon or at eleven o'clock at night. The
  important thing is __6__ every day a person
  should eat something from each of the seven kinds
  of food.

164

• There are two problems, then, in feeding __7__ of
  people on earth. The first is to find some way to
  feed the world population __8__ no one is hungry.
  The second is to __9__ that people everywhere
  have the right kinds of food to make them __10__
  to be strong and healthy.

165

• Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of
  food people __1__. They say that there are
  several kinds of food that people should eat
  __2__,
• 1. A. need B. want C. must D. wish
• 2. A. everyday B. every day
• C. someday D. some day

v
v
166

• they are (1) green and yellow vegetables of all
  kinds (2) citrus (??) fruits and tomatoes (3)
  potatoes and other fruits and vegetables (4)
  meat of all kinds, fish and eggs (5) milk and
  foods made from milk (6) bread or cereal (??),
  rice is also in this kind of food (7) butter, or
  something __3__ butter.
• 3. A. alike B. like C. likely D.
  likewise

v
167

• People in different countries and different
  areas of the world eat different kinds of things.
  Foods are prepared, cooked and eaten in many
  different ways. In some places people eat once or
  twice a day in other countries people eat three
  or four times a day. Scientists say that __4__ of
  these differences is really important.
• 4. A. some B. any C. none D. a few

v
168

• It doesnt matter whether foods are eaten __5__
  or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesnt matter if
  a person eats dinner at 4 oclock in the
  afternoon or at eleven o'clock at night. The
  important thing is __6__ every day a person
  should eat something from each of the seven kinds
  of food.
• 5. A. natural B. rough C. made D. raw
• 6. A. it B. that C. what D. if

v
v
169

• There are two problems, then, in feeding __7__ of
  people on earth. The first is to find some way to
  feed the world population __8__ no one is hungry.
  The second is to __9__ that people everywhere
  have the right kinds of food to make them __10__
  to be strong and healthy.
• 7. A. a large number B. a large amount C. the
  large number D. the large amount
• 8. A. so much B. so as to C. so that D. so far
  as
• 9. A. make for B. make out C. make with D. make
  sure
• 10. A. to grow B. grow C. growing D. grown

v
v
v
v
170
V. Translation Put the following sentences into
Chinese.

• 1. Families or groups of friends sit around a
  table and eat from a steaming pot in the middle,
  cooking and drinking and chatting.

?????????,????????????????,?????,???????
171

• 2. In the Qing dynasty, the hot pot became
  popular throughout the whole area of China.

???????????????
172

• 3. Nowadays people use mostly gas or electricity
  for this purpose only the most nostalgic use
  charcoal.

??,??????????????,????????????
173

• 4. It's best for the meat to be cut as thin as
  paper, and that's why a sizable piece of meat
  often shrinks to a small bite after being boiled.

?????????,????????????????????
174

• 5. They do not have much taste themselves, but
  they absorb the richness of the other ingredients.

??????????,????????????????
175
VI. Writing

• You are required to write a letter on the topic
  Food Safety with no less than 80 words based on
  the outline given below.
• ????????????????,??????,???,??????????????????????
  ???????????,?????????????

176

• Tips on writing a letter
• Address
• 1st paragraph why you write the letter
• 2nd paragraph (body) details of what happened
• 3rd paragraph your attitude about it
• signature

177
Sample

• Dear editor,
• I'm writing to tell you something about the
  problem of food safety.
• A couple of days ago, one of my neighbors bought
  a bag of food from a supermarket and enjoyed it
  with his family. Unfortunately, after finishing
  it, they all got poisoned and had stomachaches.
  They were quickly sent to a nearby hospital where
  a doctor examined them and gave them some
  medicine. They are out of danger now.

178

• It made me realize the seriousness of the food
  safety problem. I sincerely hope that the whole
  society will pay more attention to it.
• Sincerely Yours,
• Linda

179
Additional Information

• western cuisine (from Wikipedia)
• european cuisine
• French cuisine
• cuisine of USA

180

• European cuisine, or alternatively Western
  cuisine is a generalized term collectively
  referring to the cuisines of Europe and other
  Western countries.
• The cuisines of Western countries are diverse by
  themselves, although there are common
  characteristics that distinguishes Western
  cooking from cuisines of Asian countries and
  others.

181

• Compared with traditional cooking of Asian
  countries, for example, meat is more prominent
  and substantial in serving-size.
• Steak in particular is a common dish across the
  West.
• Similarly to some Asian cuisines, Western
  cuisines also put substantial emphasis on sauces
  as condiments, seasonings, or accompaniments (in
  part due to the difficulty of seasonings
  penetrating the often larger pieces of meat used
  in Western cooking).