Sports and Scenic Spots in America

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Sports and Scenic Spots in America

• Unit 11

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Contents

1. Capitols
2. White House
3. Statue of Liberty
4. Niagara Falls
5. Mount Rushmore National Memorial
6. Grand Canyon
7. London Bridge
8. Sears Tower
9. Yellow Stones National Park

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Part I. The United States Capitol and
Congress,The most recognized symbol of
democratic government in the world, the United
States capitol has housed Congress since 1800.
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• The Capitol is where Congress meets to write the
  laws of this nation, and where presidents are
  inaugurated and deliver their annual state of the
  Union addresses. For nearly two centuries, the
  Capitol has grown along with the nation, adding
  new wings to accommodate the increasing number of
  senators and representatives as new states
  entered the Union. Its ceilings are decorated
  with historic images, and its halls are lined
  with statuary and paintings representing great
  events and people in the nations history.

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• It is the seat of the U.S. government at
  Washington, D.C. It is the citys dominating
  monument, built on an elevated site that was
  chosen by George Washington in consultation with
  Major Pierre LEnfant. The building as it now
  stands took many years to build and is the result
  of the work of several architects. In 1793 the
  president set the cornerstone, with Masonic
  rites, and the building was begun.

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• In 1814 the uncompleted building was burned by
  the British. Charles Bulfinch brought the design
  to completion in 1830. The building proved
  inadequate and was greatly enlarged (185165) by
  T. U. Walter, who added the extensive House and
  Senate wings at either end and the imposing dome,
  c.288 ft (90 m) in height, which dominates the
  composition.

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The building proper is over 750 ft (229 m) long,
c.350 ft (110 m) wide. In 1960 the east front of
the Capitol was extended 32 ft (9.8 m), and the
original sandstone facade was replaced by marble.
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Part II. The White House

• Designated the Palace in the original plans,
  it was designed by James Hoban on a site chosen
  by George Washington. It is the oldest public
  building in Washington, its cornerstone having
  been laid in 1792.

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• John Adams (second president of the US
  1797-1801) was the first President to live there
  (1800). The building was restored after being
  burned (1814) by British troops, and the
  smoke-stained gray stone walls were painted
  white.

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• Despite popular myth the White House was
  applied to the building some time before it was
  painted. The name became official when President
  Theodore Roosevelt (26th US president 1901-1909)
  had it engraved upon his stationery. Part of the
  house was rebuilt (194952) on a steel-supporting
  frame.

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• The building, constructed of Virginia freestone,
  is of simple and stately design. The
  porte-cochere on the north front, which forms
  the main entrance, is a portico of high Ionic
  columns reaching from the ground to the roof
  pediment it is balanced by a semicircular
  colonnaded balcony on the south with a
  second-floor porch, completed in 1948. The main
  building (four stories high) is about 170 ft (52
  m) long by 85 ft (26 m) wide.

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Some other state capitols

• Illinois State Capitols
• Massachusetts State Capitol
• Canadian Parliament
• Ontario Legislature
• Ohio Statehouse
• Oregon State Capital

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New Capitol of Illinois and Old State Capitol
of Illinois
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This is another side of the new capitol that has
been in existence for over 120 years. The
following pictures are meeting rooms for Senate
Congress.
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The Old State Capitol

• The Old State Capitol served as the Illinois
  statehouse from 1839 to 1876.
• The Old State Capitol also played an important
  role in Lincolns rise to political prominence.
  He was completing his fourth and final term in
  the state legislature when on December 7, 1840,
  the house of Representative convened for the
  first time in Representative Hall.

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• State government outgrew the capitol in the year
  prior to the Civil War, and in 1867 legislation
  authorized the constitution of a new statehouse.
  State offices were moved several blocks to the
  new capitol in 1876, and the old capitol was sold
  to Sangamon County for use as a courthouse.
  Within 20 years the county government also
  outgrew the building. It was deserted again.

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• It was completely dismantled in 1966, and the
  exterior stone was stored until the walls were
  rebuilt in 1968-69. It is now open for anybody
  who is interested in the history of Illinois and
  the USA.
• The next picture is Massachusetts Statehouse in
  Boston.

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The most amazing thing is the dome top coated
with gold. The next pictures are Canadian
Parliament in Ottawa
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Ontario Legislature
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A close view of the Ontario Legislature in
Toronto Next is the Statehouse of Ohio
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Capitol of Oregon, Salem
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St. Louis is the center of a large metropolitan
area that extends into five counties of Missouri
and five counties of Illinois.
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• The major attraction is Gateway Arch (erected in
  1965), a stainless steel arch, 630 ft (192 m)
  high, designed by Eero Saarinen. Standing on the
  banks of the Mississippi, it symbolizes St. Louis
  as the gateway to the West.
• A cable elevator has been installed inside the
  Arch, by which visitors can go all the way up to
  the top and see the views around.

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A close View of the Arch Next is the picture of
Park County courthouse in Indiana
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Part III Statue of Liberty

• The statue, originally known as Liberty
  Enlightening the World, was proposed by the
  French historian Édouard Laboulaye in 1865 to
  commemorate the alliance of France with the
  American colonies during the American Revolution
  and, according to scholars, was originally
  intended as an antimonarchy and antislavery
  symbol.

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• Visitors can view New York Harbor, Manhattan,
  Brooklyn and New Jersey from the 10-story
  pedestal balcony. They may take the stairs or an
  elevator from the lobby to the pedestals
  balcony.
• Even before it took its place at Americas
  gateway, the Statue of Liberty overwhelmed those
  who saw it. Parisian, watching the statues
  construction in their city in the 1880,
  proclaimed it the eighth marvel of the world.
  Set atop its pedestal in 1886, it was the tallest
  structure in New York Cityand tallest statue in
  the world.

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Height from ground to top of torch 305ft., 1
in. (92.99 m) Height of statue 151 ft., 1 in.
(46.05 m) Length of nose 4 ft., 6 in. (1.48 m)
Thickness of copper skin 3/32 of an inch
(2.37 mm) about the thickness of 2
pennies. Inside the cooper skin, a 354-step
spiral staircase provides access to the crown.
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Twin towers of the world trade center
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Ground Zero
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Part IV Niagara Falls

• Niagara Falls is in the Niagara River, W N.Y. and
  S Ont., Canada one of the most famous spectacles
  in North America. The falls are on the
  international line between the cities of Niagara
  Falls, N.Y., and Niagara Falls, Ont.

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American view seen from the Canadian side
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American view seen from the American side
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• Goat Island splits the cataract into the American
  Falls (167 ft/51 m high and 1,060 ft/323 m wide)
  and the Horseshoe, or Canadian Falls (158 ft/48 m
  high and 2,600 ft/792 m wide). The governments of
  the United States and Canada control the
  appearance of the surrounding area, much of which
  has been included in parks since 1885.

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American view seen from the Canadian side
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American view seen from the Canadian side
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American view seen from the Canadian side
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Canadian view seen from the Canadian side
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Canadian view seen from the Canadian side
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• Aboard the small Maid of the Mist, which takes
  visitors to the foot of Niagara Falls, guests are
  issued raincoats to protect them from the spray
  that results from 155 million liters (41 million
  gallons) of water per minute rushing over the
  falls. More than nine times as much water flows
  over Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side than
  over American Falls on the United States side.

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Part V Mount Rushmore National Memorial

• The sheer size of the mountain carving on Mount
  Rushmore evokes a sense of awe in those who view
  it. We are also amazed when we see ourselves in
  the faces of the presidents. The four presidents
  carved in stone represent all Americans. They
  represent American courage, dreams, freedom and
  greatness.

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• 1,278 acres (518 hectares, Xiamen University has
  an area of 145 hectares), SW S.Dak., in the Black
  Hills est. 1925, dedicated 1927. There, carved
  on the granite face of the mountain and visible
  for 60 mi (97 km), are the enormous (60 ft/18.3 m
  high) heads of four U.S. presidentsWashington,
  Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt.

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• Each president possessed great skills and
  leadership of the brand the United States needed
  for the times they represent. Let us look into
  their faces and gain inspiration and strength
  from these four great men.

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• The birth of the nation was guided by the vision
  and courage of George Washington. Thomas
  Jefferson always had dreams of a greater, more
  perfect nation, first in the words of the
  Declaration of Independence and later in the
  expansion of the nation through the Louisiana
  Purchase. Preservation of the union was paramount
  to Abraham Lincoln, a nation where all men were
  free and equal.

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• At the turn of the Twentieth Century Theodore
  Roosevelt envisioned a great nation, a leader on
  the world stage, the nation was changing from a
  rural republic to a world power. The ideals of
  these presidents laid a foundation for the United
  States of America as solid as the rock from which
  their figures were carved.

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Part VI Grand Canyon

• The breathtaking beauty of Grand Canyon, one of
  the Seven Natural Wonders of the world, is like
  nothing else you will ever experience. Within its
  vast expanse and awesome depth, there is an ever
  changing panorama of color, from the first light
  of day until the sun sets on the distant horizon,
  concluding the melodrama until another day.

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Seven Natural Wonders of the World

• Mount Everest in China
• Victoria Falls in Zambia/Zimbabwe
• Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA
• Great Barrier Reef in Australia
• Northern Lights
• Paricutin volcano in Mexico
• Harbor of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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• The great gorge of the Colorado River, c.1 mi
  (1.6 km) deep, from 4 to 18 mi (6.429 km) wide,
  and 217 mi (349 km) long, NW Ariz. The canyon
  shows in its rocks the repeated geological
  sequence of uplift, erosion (due to the rivers
  constant wearing force), submergence, and
  deposition of materials.

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Part VII London Bridge

• It is a granite, five-arched bridge formerly over
  the Thames, in London, England. It is 928 ft (283
  m) long and was designed by John Rennie and built
  between 1824 and 1831. The early wooden bridge
  (96375) was replaced (11761209) by a stone
  bridge with houses and a chapel. The buildings
  were removed from 1756 to 1762.

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• The bridge was many times damaged by fire and was
  finally removed in 1832 after the opening of a
  new bridge in 1831. In 1968, London Bridge was
  dismantled and purchased by Lake Havasu City,
  Ariz. In 1973 a new concrete bridge replaced the
  old one. London Bridge was the only bridge over
  the Thames in London until the construction
  (173950) of Westminster Bridge.

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Left City symbol of London
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Here are three pictures of real London Bridge in
London
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 Part VIII Sears Tower

• The worlds third tallest building. Until the
  opening of the 1,483-ft (452-m) Petronas Towers
  (1997) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, it was the
  worlds tallest building.

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• Constructed from 1970 to 1974 for Sears,
  Roebuck Co., it rises 110 stories to a height
  of 1,450 ft (442 m) the 253 ft (77 m) television
  antenna topping it makes it the worlds third
  largest freestanding structure at 1,703 ft (519
  m).

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Designed by the firm of Skidmore, Owings and
Merrill, the Sears Tower is supported
structurally by square tubes of welded steel with
floors suspended within the tubes, a
technological innovation that was developed
specifically for the mammoth skyscraper by
architectural engineer Fazlur Kahn. The Sears
Tower has an exterior of black aluminum and
bronze-toned glass cut by black bands.
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• It weights some 222,540 tons. It contains more
  than 43,000 miles (68,800 km) of telephone cable,
  2000 miles (3200 km) of electric wire, 25,000
  miles (40,000 km) of plumbing. (The perimeter of
  the earth is 40,076 km. )

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Views from the Sears Tower
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Chicago the city of modern architecture of the
world ---some buildings shot at random
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Twin Skyscrapers For Parking
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Yellowstone National Park

• Yellowstone National Park, 2,219,791 acres
  (899,015 hectares), 18,000 sq. km. the worlds
  first national park (est. 1872), NW Wyo.,
  extending into Montana and Idaho. It lies mainly
  on a broad plateau in the Rocky Mts., on the
  Continental Divide, c.8,000 ft (2,440 m) above
  sea level, surrounded by mountains from 10,000 to
  14,000 ft (3,0484,267 m) high.

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• The area, a huge craterlike volcanic basin
  (caldera), is a geological hot spot and the
  site of several massive eruptions, the most
  recent occurring some 600,000 years ago. The
  plateau is mostly formed from once-molten lava.
  Volcanic activity is evidenced by nearly 10,000
  hot springs, 200 geysers, and many vents and mud
  pots. The more prominent geysers are unequaled in
  size, power, and variety.

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• Old Faithful, the best known although not the
  largest, erupts every 40 to 70 min and shoots
  c.11,000 gal (41,640 liters) of water some 150 ft
  (46 m) high. Mammoth Hot Springs, a series of
  five terraces with reflecting pools, continues to
  grow as residue from the mineral-rich water is
  deposited.

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• The park also has petrified forests, lava
  formations, and the black glass Obsidian Cliff.
  Eagle Peak, 11,370 ft (3,466 m), is the highest
  point. Yellowstone Lake, the Grand Canyon of the
  Yellowstone, and waterfalls are notable features
  on the Yellowstone River, which crosses the park.

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• The park has a wide variety of flowers and other
  plant life. Bears, mountain sheep, elk, bison,
  moose, many smaller animals, and more than 200
  kinds of birds inhabit Yellowstone, which is one
  of the worlds largest wildlife sanctuaries.
  Fires in 1988 burned about 36 of the park, but
  animal and plant life rebounded quickly, as the
  nutrient influx in the ash nourished the soil.

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