The Prophetic Sunnah

1
The Prophetic Sunnah

• An Introduction to its Preservation, Compilation,
  Classification, and Application

2
Course Outline

• Introduction to the Sunnah and Hadith
• History of Hadith Compilation and Books
• Hadith Terminology (Mustalah)
• Fiqh of Hadith

3
Course Objectives

• Understanding the History of Hadith Narration
• Understanding the Major Books and Personalities
• Learn the Basics of Hadith Classification
• Understand the Application of Hadith in Islamic
  Law

4
Introduction to the Sunnah and Hadith

• Understanding Mustalah
• Mustalah (Technical Term) The agreement of a
  specific group of people with regards to a
  specific thing.

5
What Does Sunnah Mean?

• Depends Who you ask
• Linguistically
• customary action
• habitual practice
• norm
• Fiqh
• Mustahab / Mandoob Recommended Action.
• History
• Anything to Do with the Prophets Life.
• Usool
• A statement, an action, or confirmation given by
  the Prophet. (Has ramifications in Islamic Law
  and Legal Theory)
• One of the four main sources of deriving laws.
• Hadith
• A statement, an action, or confirmation given by
  the Prophet.

6
Conclusion

• The terms Sunnah and Hadith are synonymous in the
  field of Hadith Sciences.
• However, they may vary in other fields (i.e fiqh)

7
The Prophet and His Sunnah

• Two Types of Wahi (Divine Revelation)
• 1. Quran
• Words of Allah (the Mushaf)
• Any recitation is an act of worship
• 2. Sunnah
• Words of the Prophet
• Some recitation is an act of worship
• Guided by Allah

8
Authority of the Sunnah

• Proof that the Sunnah is from revelation
• ?? ?? ??? ??? ????.??? ???? ?? ????? -
• Incidents from the Quran
• Changing of the Qibla (al Baqara)
• The Honey of Zainab (al Tahreem)
• Command to marry Zainab (al Ahzaab)

9
Necessity of the Sunnah
Explaining the Quran
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?????? ??????? (1644) ?? ???? ??? ??
??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????
??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????
???? (622)
10
Verses in the Quran Commanding Adherence to the
Sunnah
?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????
??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???????
??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???????? (331-32) ??
???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????
?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????
?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??
?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??
?????? (491-2) ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???
???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???
??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? (3336) ??
??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????
????? ????? (480) ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????
???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???
???? ??????? ?????? (465)
11
The Sunnah Explains Islam

• Matters of Belief (Aqeedah)
• Details about the Day of Judgement
• About Paradise and Hell
• Understanding our Creator
• Legal Issues Acts of Worship, Transactions
• Prayer
• Hajj
• Marriage
• Buying/Selling

12
Hadith During the Life of the Prophet

• The Prophet taught the companions formally
• The Prophetic Academy of Scholars and Dawah
• Testing them on Hadith
• Commanding them to Convey his words

13
Ashaab al Suffa

• ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??
  ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????
  ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????
• 80 Companions studying full time
• Living in the Masjid
• Example of Abu Huraira

14
How Did the Companions Preserve the Hadith?

1. The Arab Civilization and Importance of
   Memorization
2. Writing
3. Real Life Application

15
Memorizing the Hadith

• The Power of the Mind and Ability to Memorize
• Photographic Memory
• Arabs Used to memorize Hundreds of Poems in
  Jahiliya
• Modern Day Examples
• Andriy Slyusarchuk (Ukrainian professor)
  memorized the first 30 million places of pi,
  which were printed in 20 volumes of text.
• Sergei Rachmaninov (composer and pianist) recalls
  a musical score after sight reading twice.
• Stephen Wiltshire was able to draw a skyline in
  detail after a single helicopter ride.
• Philosopher Swami Vivekananda was able to
  memorize ten volumes of the encyclopedia in only
  a few days.
• Case of Solomon Shereshevskii

16
Were the Hadith Written Down?

• Initial ProhibitionWhy?
• Fear of Mixing Quran and Hadith
• Abrogation and Command to Write Hadith
• Example of Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas

17
Preservation through Application

• Results of Memorizing w/o application
• A look into our own lives
• Results of Memorizing w application
• A glimpse into the method of the companions

18
Permission to Write Hadith

• Seek help from your right hand, and pointed to
  something written. (Tirmidhi)
• The Prophet told Rafi bin Khadij You may write.
  There is no harm. (Tadrib ar Rawi)
• Anas narrated that the Prophet said, Preserve
  knowledge by writing it. (Jami al Bayan)
• Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al Aas was commanded to
  write hadith. Shall I write everything you say?
  Yes. Whether you are content or angry?yes

19
The Compilations of the Companions

• Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Aas 5000
• The Sheets of Truth (al Saheefa al Sadiqa)
• Anas ibn Malik - 2000
• He wrote and reviewed with the Prophet
• Jabir bin Abdullah 1500
• Used to write and teach his hadith in the
  Prophets masjid
• Book of Hajj (much of it found in Saheeh Muslim)
• Aisha 2000
• Urwa bin Zubair wrote her hadith
• Amra bint Abdillah her hadith were written
  (command of the Khalifa)
• Abdullah ibn Abbas
• His hadeeth were written in his life (by the
  People of Taaif)
• Saeed ibn Musayyib wrote his hadeeth as well.
• Abdullah ibn Omar 1500
• Nafi used to write his hadith.