Integration of ICT into Teaching and Learning of Electronics

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• Integration of ICT into Teaching and Learning
  of Electronics

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Electric Circuit

• Components are connected together with electrical
  wire to form a closed loop.

Components are represented by symbols
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Electric Circuit

• Electrical wire used to connect components is a
  conductor.
• A conductor allows electric current to flow
  through it easily.
• Good conductors include copper, gold, silver,
  tin
• Copper wire is generally used as it is most cost
  effective.

• All electrical wires have a plastic cover.
• Plastic is an insulator.
• An insulator does not allow current to flow
  through it.
• Avoids electric shock.
• Insulators include plastic, glass, wood

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Electric Circuit

• Electric Current is the flow of electrons around
  a circuit.

Electrons have a negative charge
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Electric Circuit

• Electric current is measured with an Ammeter
• The ammeter is placed into the circuit (in
  series)
• Unit of measurement is the Ampere or amp
• Represented by the letter I

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Electric Circuit

• EMF (electromotive force) is the force that makes
  electrons flow around a circuit.
• EMF is often called Voltage and is provided by
  the battery.
• Higher voltage more current

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Electric Circuit

• Voltage is measured using a Voltmeter.
• The voltmeter is placed across a component (in
  parallel)
• Unit of measurement is the Volt.
• Represented by letter V.

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Electric Circuit

• Resistance is the opposition to the flow of
  electric current.
• All components have resistance.
• Electrical wire has resistance.
• Unit of measurement is the Ohm (O)
• Represented by the letter R

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Electric Circuit

• Resistance is the opposition to the flow of
  electric current.
• All components have resistance.
• Electrical wire has resistance.
• Unit of measurement is the Ohm (O)
• Represented by the letter R

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Ohms Law

• Voltage , Current Resistance are calculated
  using Ohms Law

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Series Circuit

• Components are connected one after the other
• There is only one path for current to flow around

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Series Circuit

• The current at all points in a series circuit is
  equal

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Series Circuit

• The voltage is shared between the components in a
  series circuit.
• Components of equal resistance voltage is
  shared equally

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Series Circuit

• The voltage is shared between the components in a
  series circuit.
• Components of unequal resistance voltage is
  shared proportionally

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Parallel Circuit

• Components are connected side by side
• There is more than one path for current to flow
  around

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Parallel Circuit

• The voltage across each path is always the same
  as the applied voltage
• When component resistance in each path is the same

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Parallel Circuit

• The voltage across each path is always the same
  as the applied voltage
• When component resistance in each path is
  different

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Parallel Circuit

• The voltage across each path is always the same
  as the applied voltage
• When there is more than one component in a path

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Parallel Circuit

• The current is divided between the paths
  proportionally (Ohms Law)

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Motor Control

• SPST Switch
• Polarity connection determines direction of
  rotation

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Motor Control

• DPDT Switch
• Forward and reverse control of motor

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Motor Control

• DPDT Switch

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Motor Control

• DPDT Switch Wiring Diagram

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Motor Control

• DPDT Switch Wiring Diagram

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Motor Control

• DPDT Switch Wiring Diagram

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Motor Control

• DPDT Switch Wiring Diagram

V
0V
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Motor Control

• Forward and reverse control of motor with limit
  switches

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Motor Control

• Forward and reverse control of motor with limit
  switches
• Wiring Diagram

V
0V
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Motor Control

• Forward and reverse control of motor with limit
  switches

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Motor Control

• Forward and reverse control of motor with limit
  switches
• Wiring Diagram

V
0V
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Motor Control

• Will SW1 and SW2 act as limit switches in this
  circuit?

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Sensors

• Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
• Resistance increases as darkness increases

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Sensors

• Thermistor
• Resistance decreases as the temperature increases

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Transistor

• Acts as a switch
• Voltage gt 0.6V-0.7V between the base and emitter
  transistor is on

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Transistor

• Voltage Divider circuit is used to create the
  turn on voltage between the base and emitter.

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LDR Transistor Circuit

An LDR changes the voltage according to light
levels Dark LED on
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Relay

A relay is a switch used to turn other circuits
on and off
Coil terminals are part of controlling circuit
DPDT switch
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Relay

Position A
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Relay

Position A
NC1
NO2
P1
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Relay

Position B
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Relay

Position B
NO2
NC2
P2
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Relay