Trypanosoma

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Trypanosoma
2
Trypanosoma
Human Trypanosomes
1. Trypanosoma gambiense - Chronic sleeping
sickness (West Africa) Vector ???
2. Trypanosoma rhodesiense Tsetse
fly - Acute sleeping sickness (Glossina
sp.) (East Africa)
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3. Trypanosoma cruzi - Chagas
disease (Central South America) Vector
??? 4. Trypanosoma rangeli Triatomid
bug - non-pathogenic (South America)
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Animal Trypanosomes
1. Trypanosoma burcei - horse,
sheep, pig, dog (africa) 2. Trypanosoma
congolense Vector ??? - cattle, horse,
sheep, Glossina sp.
goat, dog, pig (East Africa)
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3. Trypanosoma suis Vector ???
Glossina sp. - pig (?????????????? distribution
??????) 4. Trypanosoma lewisi
Vector ??? rat flea - rat, roden
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5. Trypanosoma evansi - horse, goat, pig,
dog, buffalo, elephant (widespre
ad) 6. Trypanosoma equinum
Vector - horse
??? Tabanus (Central South
America) 7. Trypanosoma equiperdum - venereal
disease of horse (Asia, North South Africa,
Southeastern Euroup)
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Trypanosoma gambiense

• ???????????? Chornic african sleeping sickness
• Trypanosoma rhodesiense
• ???????????? Acute african sleeping sickness

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????????????? (Distribution)
- ??? Africa - ???????? Trypanosoma
form ????????? ????????????????????????
(???????????? Polymorphic form )
Morphology
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Slender form Stumpy form Intermediate form
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Infective stage
???????? Metacyclic form
??????????????????????????????? Trypanosoma
form ???????????????
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??????? (Life cycle)
Trypomastigote stage ???????
(??????????????? Binary fission) ??
????????????? ???????
Glossina sp.
?????????????????????
Metacyclic form ??? salivary
gland (Binary fission) Migrate ?????
Midgut Epimastigote form
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• Vector ??? ???? Glossina sp.
• ( Tsetse fly ) ??????????????????? Infective
  stage ???????????????????? ( Salivary gland )
• Trypanosoma form (Trypomastigote stage) ?????????
  ???????????? ??? Binary fission

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????????? ( Mode of Infection )
????????????????????????????
?????????????????? Metacyclic form ?????
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???????????

• Rhodesiense Trypanosome ??????????
• ?????????????? ???????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????? 2 ????

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1. ???????????? ????????????????? ?????? ???????
??????????? (Winterbottoms sign -
??????????????????????) 2.
????????????????????????????? ????????????????
?????????? ?????????????????????? ???????
?????????????
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??????????????? (Diagnosis)
1. ?????????????? Blood smear 2.
?????????????? Lymph node juice 3.
?????????????? CSF (Central spinal fluid)
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???????? (Treatment)

• ??????? ?????????????????????????????
• ????? ????? Suramin
• ?????????????????????????????????
• ???? ????? Suramin ??? Melasoprol
• (??????????????? Asenic compound)
  ?????????????????????????????????????

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??????????????????? (Prevention and Control)
1. ?????????????????? 2. ?????????????????????????
????????
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Trypanosoma cruzi
???????????? Chagas disease (
American trypanosomiasis )
?????????????? ( ??????????? ???
?????????? )
????????????? (Distribution)
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Morphology

• ???????? Trypanosoma form ?????????
• ?????????? C shape ???? S shape
• ?????????????????????????? Trypomastigote
• ????? Polymorphic form
• (???????? Monomorphic trypanosome)

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Infective stage
??? Metacyclic form ???????????? Trypanosoma
gambiense ??? Trypanosoma rhodesiense
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??????? (Life cycle)

• ???????????????????????
• ???????????????? ???????????
• (assassin bug ) ?????? ????????????
• Fammly Reduviidae ???????????
• triatomid bug ???? kissing bug

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Trypomastigote (
C shape) No Binary
fission ???? Infect Cardiac
muscle (Amastigote ?? Binary
fission ) ??????? Metacyclic
???????? Feces ????
?????? Mid gut

(Trypomastigote) Hind gut
(Epimastigote ) ?????
Binary fission ?? Binary fission
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????????? ( Mode of Infection )
?????????????????????? Metacyclic
form ???????????? ????? ????????
????????????????????????? ???????
???????????????????
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• ??????????????????????????????
• ????????? ??????????????????
• ?????????????
• ?????????????????????????????
• ?????????? ????????? ???????????
• ?????????????

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???????????

• ???????????????????????????? ???????????
• ?????????? Romanas sign
• ????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????? ??????????????
• ????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????
• ?????????????????????????????

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??????????????? (Diagnosis)
- ???????????????????????????? ???????
???????????????????????????????????????? ???????
1. ??????????????? Blood smear 2. ??????????
Immunology 3. ?????????????? Xenodiagnosis
(????????????????????????? ?????????????????????)
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???????? (Treatment)
- ????????????? Nifurtimox ????
Benzidazole 1. ?????????????????? 2.
?????????????????????????????????
??????????????????? (Prevention and Control)
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???????????????? African trypanosome ??? American
trypanosome
Afican trypanosome American
trypanosome (Salivaria)
(Stercoraria) 1.
Trypanosoma gambiense 1. Trypanosoma
cruzi 2. Trypanosoma
rhodesiense 2. Trypanosoma rangeli
3. Trypanosoma brucei
?? Polymorphic form
????? Polymorphic form
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Vector Tsetse fly (Glossina sp.)
Vector Triatomid bug Mode of infection
Mode of infection Anterior station ???????
????????? Posterior station ????????????
(Inoculation) ???????????????
??????????? ???????????
(Contamination) Trypomastigote stage ?? Binary
fission Trypomastigote stage ?????
Binary fission
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