Enlightenment, Romanticism,

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Enlightenment, Romanticism, Revolution

• Introduction
• (Humanities 4)

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• ajgomez_at_ucsd.edu
• adamgomez.wordpress.com/teaching/hum4
• TA William Skiles
• wskiles_at_ucsd.edu

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The Age of Enlightenment

• 16501800
• For
• Reason
• The source of universal truth
• Scientific method
• Empiricism
• Nature as the source of truth
• Nature as a reserve of resources to be exploited
• Nature as a thing to be dominated

• Intellectual freedom
• Freedom to exercise reason
• Liberal, but not always democratic
• May or may not entail political freedom
• Contract
• Only consensual agreements are binding

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The Age of Enlightenment

• Against
• Passions
• Emotions
• Bigotries
• Favorable or unfavorable
• Appetites
• Tradition
• Authority
• Customs
• Superstition
• Religious
• Magical
• Ritual

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Pico della Mirandola

• 1463-1494
• Italian Renaissance philosopher mathematician
• 900 Theses Oration on the Dignity of Man
• 1486
• Manifesto of the Enlightenment

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The Romantic Era

• 17801850
• Against
• Aristocracy
• Political forms
• Social norms restrictions, manners
• Over-emphasis on rationalism
• Deadening, mistaken
• Science reason not only sources of truth

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The Romantic Era

• For
• Sincerity
• Be who you are
• Authenticity
• Spontaneity
• Emotion
• Love, fear, awe, solidarity
• The importance of unique individuals
• Aesthetics
• Folk art customs
• The experience of beauty

• Nature
• Inherently valuable
• More important than the social world
• Beautiful, forceful
• New politics
• Liberal radical
• Nationalist

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Percy Bysshe Shelley

• 1792-1822
• English Poet
• Atheist
• Possible inventor of nonviolent resistance
• Married to Mary Shelley
• After leaving Harriet Westbrook

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Lord Byron

• 1788-1824
• English Poet
• Traveler
• Celebrity
• Dies in Greek War of Independence