Title: Nature of Personality
1Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Terror Management Theory
Culture and Personality
2Reserved
Outgoing
Less Intelligent
More Intelligent
Affected by Feelings
Emotionally Stable
Submissive
Dominant
Serious
Happy-go-lucky
Expedient
Conscientious
Timid
Venturesome
Tough-minded
Sensitive
Trusting
Suspicious
Practical
Imaginative
Forthright
Shrewd
Self-assured
Apprehensive
Conservative
Experimenting
Group-dependant
Self-sufficient
Uncontrolled
Controlled
Relaxed
Tense
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
3outgoing
assertive
upbeat
friendly
sociable
gregarious
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
4anxious
vulnerable
insecure
self-conscious
hostile
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
5curiosity
flexibility
artistic sensitivity
imaginativeness
vivid fantasy
unconventional attitudes
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
6sympathetic
trusting
modest
cooperative
straight forward
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
7diligent
punctual
disciplined
dependable
well-organized
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
8Sigmund Freud UnconsciousMental Processes
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
9IdPleasure PrinciplePrimary-process Thinking
Unconscious
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
10Conscious
EgoReality PrincipleSecondary-process Thinking
Preconscious
IdPleasure PrinciplePrimary-process Thinking
Unconscious
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
11Conscious
EgoReality PrincipleSecondary-process Thinking
Preconscious
SuperegoMoral Imperatives
IdPleasure PrinciplePrimary-process Thinking
Unconscious
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
12Holds Urges in Check With Reality
EGO
Holds Urges in Check With Morality
Gratify Urges Immediately
ID
Superego
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
13Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
14Five Psychosocial Stages
1. Oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic
4. Latency
5. Genital
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
15EroticFocus
Key Tasks and Experience
Approximate Age
Stage
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
16Carl Jung
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
17Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
18Alfred Adler
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
19Conscious
EgoReality PrincipleSecondary-process Thinking
Preconscious
SuperegoMoral Imperatives
IdPleasure PrinciplePrimary-process Thinking
Unconscious
How to Test?
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
20B.F. Skinner
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
21Operant Response Tendencies
Circulate, speaking to others only if they
approach you first
R1
Stimulus Situation
Stick close to the people you already know
R2
Large party where you know relatively few people
Politely withdraw by getting wrapped up in a
hosts book collection
R3
R4
Leave at the first opportunity
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
22Albert Bandura
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
23RewardingStimulusPresentedGood Buy on Car
ResponseBargainAssertively
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
24Carl Rogers
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
25Congruence
Incongruence
Self-concept
Actual Experience
Self-concept
Actual Experience
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
26Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
27Characteristics of Self-actualizing People
Spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness Autonomy
, independence of culture and environment Feeling
s of kinship and identification with the human
race Balance between polarities in personality,
etc.
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
28Hans Eysenck
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
29Higher-order Trait
Extraversion
Sensation-seeking
Traits
Sociable
Lively
Active
Assertive
Habitual Responses
Specific Responses
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
30.60
.50
.40
.30
Correlation of Scores
.20
.10
0
Altruism
Empathy
Aggressiveness
Type of Interfering Material
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
31.70
.60
.50
.40
.30
Correlation of Scores
.20
.10
0
-.10
Positive Emotionality
Negative Emotionality
Constraint
Fraternal TwinsReared Together
Fraternal TwinsReared Apart
Identical TwinsReared Together
Identical TwinsReared Apart
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
32Personality traits
aspects of brain structure and function
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
33Evolutionary Perspective
Traits conductive to reproductive fitness
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
34Renewed Interest in Narcissism
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
35Need to Defend CulturalWorldview
Self-preservationInstinct
Anxiety Buffer
Potential forDeath-related Anxiety and Terror
Need toEnhance Feelingsof Self-Esteem
Awareness of the Inevitability of Death
Anxiety Buffer
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
36Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
Extraversion
Openness
N
E
O
A
C
60
55
T-scores on Personality Traits
50
45
40
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
37Mother
Father
Self
Sibling
Friend
Co-worker
Friend
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality
38Mother
Father
Self
Sibling
Friend
Co-worker
Friend
Terror Management Theory
Contemporary Empirical Approaches
Nature of Personality
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Behavioral Perspectives
Humanistic Perspectives
Biological Perspectives
Culture and Personality